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Role

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to establish post offices and post roads. to establish courts inferior to ... in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Role


1
Role of Congress
2
Overview
  • Constitutional Powers, Roles/Duties of the U.S.
    Congress
  • War Powers Resolution Act
  • Congressional oversight

3
Constitutional Powers
  • Powers to assess and collect taxes--called the
    chief power
  • to regulate commerce, both interstate and foreign
  • to coin money
  • to establish post offices and post roads
  • to establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court

4
Constitutional Powers
  • to declare war
  • to raise and maintain an army and navy
  • To provide for calling forth the Militia to
    execute the Laws of the Union, suppress
    Insurrections and repel Invasions''
  • To make all Laws which shall be necessary and
    proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing
    Powers, and all other Powers vested by this
    Constitution in the Government of the United
    States, or in any Department or Officer
    thereof.''

5
Constitutional Roles And Duties
  • Senate was given advise and consent power by the
    U.S. Constitution
  • Responsible for ratifying treaties negotiated by
    the President with foreign countries
  • Approves the President's nominees for such
    high-level federal positions as cabinet officers,
    ambassadors, and federal judges

6
Constitutional Roles And Duties
  • In constitutional theory, running so frequently
    for re-election is believed to allow
    Representatives to come to know their
    constituencies well
  • This enables House Members to accurately reflect
    the views of the local citizenry and better
    advocate the needs of each district
  • Members of the House are also likely to be more
    sensitive to changes in popular sentiment

7
Constitutional Roles And Duties
  • The House was given the authority to originate
    all revenue bills and over the years, tradition
    has extended this power of origination to
    spending bills as well
  • Sets the framework for the important questions of
    collecting taxes and raising money for the U.S.
    treasury and then distributing it through
    legislative appropriations

8
War Powers Resolution Act
  • Passed in 1973
  • Can only deploy troops under
  • declaration of war
  • statuary authorization
  • national emergency
  • Report to Congress within 48 hours of deployment
  • Report status periodically to Congress

9
War Powers Resolution Act
  • Limit of 60 days without declaration of war (with
    a 30 day extension for troop withdrawal)
  • Keep President from getting US troops into war
    without clear resolution
  • Reassert the war powers of Congress under Article
    I of Constitution

10
Presidential Compliance to WPRA
  • Never officially recognized
  • Ford
  • Reagan
  • Bush
  • Consequences for Forcing Compliance
  • If found unconstitutional, Congress powerless to
    limit presidential initiatives/adventurism
  • If upheld in court, presidents would have to
    fully comply with WPRA

11
Other Congressional Oversight
  • Periodic Reports
  • Executive branch reports to Congress every 12, 6,
    or 3 months
  • Notification (most frequent)
  • i.e. Arms sales, foreign assistance
  • One-Time Report (least frequent)
  • Committees
  • i.e. House Foreign Relations Committee
  • The ULTIMATE OVERSIGHT

12
Summary
  • Constitutional Powers, Roles/Duties of the U.S.
    Congress
  • War Powers Resolution Act
  • Congressional oversight
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