Most injuries happen within the first year of work'

1
(No Transcript)
2
Injuries
Most injuries happen within the first year of
work. Between 1993 and 1997, 8,000 workers
between the ages of 15-24 were reported injured
while on the job in Ontario. 41 workers were
killed between 1993-1997. In 1997, 65 workers
lost an eye, an arm, or a leg.
All workplace injuries that stop you from earning
a full days wage, or that require medical
attention, are supposed to be reported to the
Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) by
the employer within 3 days, by the the workers
within 6 months.
3
TOP 5 CAUSES OF INJURY TO YOUNG WORKERS
Slips and falls Over-exertion Struck by, or
against, an object Bodily reaction (toxic
effects from chemicals Burns
4
Recognize, Asses, and Control Hazards
- Recognize hazards in workplace. Hazards are not
always obvious. You need training, awareness, and
experience to recognize them. If you dont know,
ask. Dont learn it the hard way!
- Assess the risk potential of hazards. This may
involve measurement of conditions in the
workplace.
- Control the hazards using the principles of
elimination, reduction or substitution.
5
Workplace Hazards
The 4 types of workplace hazards are
CHEMICAL HAZARDS PHYSICAL HAZARDS
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
6
Chemical Hazards
- Every worker has the right to know about
hazardous chemicals in the workplace. It is the
duty of every employer to inform the workers
about the substances which they may come into
contact with and to provide and train workers
about and necessary protective equipment required
to perform their job. Workers have a duty to wear
this equipment and to follow proper job
procedures.
- Hazardous chemicals can enter the body in
several ways they can be breathed in
(inhalation), they can be swallowed (ingestion)
and they can be absorbed through the skin
(absorption). Once in the skin, they may enter
the circulatory system and damage the body. They
may also damage or irritate the skin itself,
causing a condition known as dermatitis.
7
- Workers may need to wear appropriate protective
gloves. Hands must be washed with soap and water
before eating or drinking or smoking, even if
gloves were worn while handling the chemical.
Examples of Hazardous situations relating to
chemicals
- New workers working with paints might be
exposed to paint thinners and solvents that they
could breathe in or get on their hands.
- Workers who work as cleaners will likely be
exposed to cleaning solvent solutions like
ammonia, which can be harmful if it is inhaled or
gets on the skin, or if it is mixed with other
chemicals.
8
Physical Hazards
Physical hazards include things like equipment,
machinery, electricity, noise, heat and cold.
Machinery can range from heavy machinery, like a
press or a stamping machine, to smaller equipment
such as meat slicers or paper cutters. Serious,
immediate injuries such as the loss of an arm or
finger can result from working with machinery.
Excessive noise levels or prolonged noise can
damage the nerves in the ear causing temporary or
even permanent hearing loss. In workplaces where
noise is a hazard, safety precautions must be in
place. These include engineering controls such as
muffling devices, noise barriers or work
separation.
9
Biological Hazards
- Workers who are most at risk from biological
hazards are those who work with animals or
plants, or in health or child care.
- Biological agents are living substances that
can cause illness or disease. They include
bacteria, viruses and fungi. Bacterial are found
in the air, water and soil and in living or dead
animals or plants.
- Viruses, bacteria and fungi can be passed from
one person to another, either directly through
contact with body fluids, or indirectly through
breathing. Workplaces where biological hazards
are present are legally required to have written
safe work procedures and training to ensure that
all workers know how to protect themselves.
10
Ergonomic Hazards
Ergonomics means adapting the workplace to the
worker, instead of trying to adapt the worker to
the workplace. If the work station, tools and
equipment, physical environment including
lighting, temperature and noise are not properly
designed, undue stresses and strains can be
placed on the musculoskeletal system.

• Injuries that cause disorders of the muscles,
  bones, blood vessels, tendons, nerves and other
  soft tissues in the body may develop in workers
  who
• Maintain fixed positions.
• Perform repetitive movement of the limbs.
• Work with great speed along with repetitions.

11
Legislations
Part 2 of the Canada Labour Code covers health
and safety laws for federal workplaces.
The Ontarios Occupational Health and Safety
Act covers the health and safety laws in most
other workplaces.
Occupational Health and Safety Act This Act tells
you the minimum requirements for health and
safety in most workplaces in Ontario. It tells
you how to work safely with specific workplace
hazards. The purpose of the Act is to protect
workers from health and safety hazards on the job.
The Occupational Health and Safety Act does not
cover farm workers, domestic workers, and federal
workers.
12
- The Act outlines general legal requirements for
workplace health and safety. Give specific rules
about how to work safely in a particular type of
workplace.
3 types of workplaces listed in the Regulations
are INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION HEALTH CARE
RESIDENTIAL
- The Ontario Ministry of Labour enforces both
the provincial and federal health and safety
laws. They have the power to inspect any
workplace, investigate any potential hazardous
situation and work refusal, order compliance
with the law, and start legal action.
13
Penalties
Any person in the workplace who does not follow
the Act can be fined up to 25, 000 or be jailed
for up to one year, or both.
A company can be fined up to 500,000 for not
following the Act.
14
Internal Responsibility System
Shared responsibility for knowing what health
and safety problems are present, and then doing
something about them.
People dont wait until they are ordered by a
Ministry of Labour Inspector to look after health
and safety problems they do it on their own.
A principle way of doing this is through a
Joint Health and Safety Committee (JHSC).
15
JHSC
- Virtually all workplaces with twenty or more
regularly employed workers must have a Joint
Health and Safety Committee made up of management
and worker members.
- The legislation that tells you what you should
do if you get hurt or sick while youre on the
job is The First Aid Regulation of the old
Workers Compensation Act.
16
Rights
The Occupational Health and Safety Act gives
worker 3 rights. They are
RIGHT TO KNOW your employer must inform you of
any known hazards in your workplace, and provide
training so you can work safely.
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE to participate in health
and safety issues in your workplace.
RIGHT TO REFUSE TO UNSAFE WORK the right to
refuse work that you believe is dangerous to your
health or safety, or the health or safety of
another worker.
17
The 3 groups that have important legal duties are
1) Employers Important Legal Duties develop a
training program to carry out the health and
safety policy.
2) Supervisors Important Legal Duties make
sure workers follow the Act and Regulations.
3) Workers Important Legal Duties follow the
Act and Regulations.
NOTE you cannot be punish if you follow the
steps for refusing unsafe work set out in the Act.
18
WHMIS
WHMIS stands for Workplace Hazardous Materials
Information System.
3 Parts of the WHMIS Regulation
A warning label tells you what class a
hazardous product is in and how to work safely
with it.
A material safety data sheet gives you more
detailed information about how to work safely
with the hazardous chemical.
A training program teaches you how to read and
understand the labels and material safety data
sheet.
19
- An employer cant use or store a hazardous
material in a workplace unless it has a WHMIS
label and a material safety data sheet, and
unless all workers have been trained to work
safely with the product.
- Employers must keep material safety data sheets
in the workplace, in a place where workers can
find them and read them.
20
(No Transcript)