The

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The Tactical Simulation Interface Unit
(TSIU) Program
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Tactical Simulation Interface Unit (TSIU)
Virtual Battlefield
Command and Control Organizations
TOC

• Provides the linkage between the
  simulation world and the
  tactical command and control (C2)
  world
• Simulation information is translated/routed
  to the appropriate tactical workstation(s)
• Operators/cells/staffs receive information
  from their C2 systems as they would tactically
• No resident SW required on C2 systems,
  Train-as-you-Fight
• TSIU adapts to changing tactical message
  requirements-the simulations do not

Low cost, low footprint, flexible C4I stimulation
capability
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History

• 94 CSA directed SSDC Commander to create a TOC
  that would demonstrate the ability to
  synchronize the four pillars of Theater Missile
  Defense (Attack, Active Defense, Passive
  Defense, BMC4I)
• 95 Directive resulted in the establishment of
  the ARSPACE Force Projection Tactical
  Operations Center (FPTOC)
• 95 Battle Integration Center (BIC), SSDC tasked
  to provide simulation/stimulation support for
  technical testing, training, TTP development,
  and exercise support
• 95-97 BIC, later Space and Missile Defense
  Battle Lab (SMDBL) provided stimulation support
  to FPTOC in multiple efforts
• 97-00 Capability developed to support FPTOC
  utilized by other organizations and efforts
  ranging from Battalion through CINC level

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Tactical Simulation Interface Unit (TSIU)
Tactical Workstations
TOC

• MCS
• ADSI
• MIST
• MSTS
• Applique/FBCB2

• ASAS
• FAAD EO
• GCCS
• JSWS
• IAS

• AMDWS
• GALE
• GCCS-A
• TCTA
• WOTS

Virtual Battlefield
TSIU Tactical Message Capability
Virtual Battlefield Created By Simulation
Environment

• USMTF 93, 99,00
• FDL
• OTH-G
• SCDL VARIANT (MTI)
• TRAP/TDDS (TACELINT, SENSORREP)

• TIBS (TIMF, TDIMF)
• TADIL-A
• VMF
• JVMF

• Open Ended
• Tailorable to Meet Training Objectives, Resources
• DIS/HLA Capability
• Simulations Worked With Include
  - ModSAF - Eagle - ITEMS
• - EADSIM - EADTB - MDST
• - JANUS - JTLS - JCATS
• - ATCOM - CFOR ModSAF - ICE
• - TAFSM/FIRESIM XXI - CCTTSAF

• Over 90 different tactical messages
• Represent
• Blue SA
• Red SA
• Early Warning

• Air Picture
• Sensors
• Logistics

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Tactical Simulation Interface Unit Applications
1994 Atlantic Resolve
1995 Roving Sands Prairie Warrior Joint
Project Optic Cobra (JPOC) JWID Bright
Star Army Exper. 2
1996 Internal Look Roving Sands Prairie
Warrior JPOC UFL Bright Star Army Exper.
3 Unified Endeavor
1997 Roving Sands ATMDE Training UFL AVN
Test Bed DTX-1, 2 JTFLEX 97-2/-3,
98-1 Coherent Defense DIV AWE Army Exper.
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1999 AAMDC Training ARCENT DOCCEX Lucky
Main Lucky Sentinel Bright Star Roving
Sands Wrap TRADOC Army Experiment
6 STRICOM/NSC CCTT FSST DBST
Staff COFT CECOM Support PEO Aviation
Support I-43 ADA Ex Eval I-5 ADA Ex Eval
1998 JTFEX 98-2 11th ADA Brigade Training F
SST (6-37 MLRS) JPOW AAMDC (Kuwait)
Support Army Exper. 5 CCTT
Development AVNCATT-A Support BICEP
Support
2000 ARCENT Lucky Warrior 00-1 Lucky
Warrior 00-2 Lucky Sentinel AMSO
Support III CWFX JCF AWE PEO Aviation Ft.
Bliss Support CTSF Support STRICOM/NSC DBST
FSST Korea Support USAREUR
Support Staff COFT AVCATT Support OneSAF
Int Iron House SPRINT JSIMS Project Office
Support

• Support for over 60 events during the past 6
  years
• Ranging from individual through CINC level
  training events
• Multiple experiment events
• Multiple joint efforts

Capability based on proven results
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Current TSIU Leave Behind
Korea
2ID Camp Stanley
7th ATC
Ft. Leavenworth NSC, TRAC, CGSC
Ft. Drum JCF AWE SPT
Ft. Monmouth CECOM
I Corps
Joint Battle Center
NTC
ARCENT Simcenter
Colorado Springs SMDBL
Huntsville, SBC
STRICOM
Ft. Bliss Warfighting Center
Ft. Polk
Ft. Hood CTSF DBST
Ft. Rucker
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Applications

• Division Advanced Warfighting Experiment (DAWE)
• Desert Thunder - Contingency Operations Support
• Digitized Battle Staff Trainer (DBST)
• PEO Aviation Support
• 3rd U.S. Army (ARCENT) Support

Material Developer, Combat Developer, Warfighter
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Division AdvancedWarfighting Experiment

• Fall 1997
• Support to ARSPACE Early Warning Pager Initiative
• Provided significant time savings over standard
  notification
• Basis for Pager Alert Warning System (PAWS) in
  theater support capability
• TSIU
• Received information from EADSIM
• Provided C121 TACELINT to MCS
• Provided Theater Information Broadcast System
  (TIBS), Tactical and Related Applications
  (TRAP), and FAAD Data Link (FDL) tactical
  messages

ADSI
EW
DIS
CBS
RTM
EADSIM
TSIU
MCS
Pager Alert Warning System (PAWS)
AIR/TMD Information
CI2I TACELINT
FAAD EO
Unit NBC Officer
AIR
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Desert Thunder - Contingency Support Operations

• Spring 1998
• 32nd Army Air and Missile Defense (AAMDC)
  deployed to Kuwait in support of 3rd U.S. Army
  (ARCENT) to provide TMD expertise
• Four month deployment requested training with
  minimal in-theater presence
• Used real world IPB product
• TSIU provided
• Red/Blue SA
• Sensor Information
• Early Warning

• 32nd AAMDC went through daily rehearsals
• On-site Sim/Stim support
• Two workstations
• Three personnel

SIPRNET
Camp DOHA Kuwait
Huntsville
Simulation Architecture
HUNTSVILLE
EAGLE
TSIU
SIPRNET Connection
FDL TRAP TIBS MTI USMTF
MODSAF
EADSIM
STEALTH
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Digitized Battle Staff Trainer (DBST) Support

• Fall 1999 - Ongoing
• National Simulation Center (NSC) sponsored
• STRICOM supported
• Focused on providing support to digitized units
• 4th ID at Ft. Hood
• 10th Mountain Division JCF AWE
• NTC rotations (Aug/Sep 00)
• Provides individual/ collective staff
  training
• TSIU provides
• Red/Blue SA
• Sensor information
• Air/EW
• Logistics data

Simulation Environment
Tactical Environment
X
JANUS
AFATDS (PIU)
MCS
ASAS
JSWS
AMDWS
FAAD EO

• Maneuver
• Forces

TSIU
USMTF S507
USMTF C111 TACREP C101 RECCEXREP C121
TACELINT S303 SALUTE
MTI
FDL AIR EW
VMF CFF
FDL AIR EW
USMTF S507
EADSIM
DIS LAN
TACTICAL LAN

• Air/TBM
• Sensors

PIU
II
FIRESIM

• Fire Support

Open Ended Architecture
AFATDS (PIU)
MCS
ASAS
STORM Stealth (UAV) TACSIM
USMTF S507
JVMF KO4.1
VMF CFF
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PEO Aviation Support

• Summer 2000
• Provide capability to link constructive and
  virtual aviation simulations with FBCB2 C2
  capability
• Two-way capability
• Applications
• Evaluation of concepts to enhance FBCB2 EBC into
  Apache and Comanche Aircraft
• Evaluation of aviation tactical message
  requirements/systems with other digitized C2
  systems
• Development and testing of C2 CONOPS and TTPs

• TSIU
• Delivers tactical message to FBCB2, APPLIQUE,
  AFATDS
• Receives tactical message from FBCB2
• Optionally removes tactical message header
• Encapsulates tactical message into a signal PDU
  for processing by SWaPs/ITEMS

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3rd U.S Army (ARCENT) Support

• December 1998 On-going
• New command control capability Lucky Warrior
  CP
• ARCENT required low cost, expandable sustainment
  training capability
• Provide stimulation for Army ABCS and other
  service and joint C2 systems
• GCCS (TADIL-A, OTH-Gold)
• ACE requirement
• TSIU currently providing C4I stimulation to
  
• ARCENT quarterly staff collective training
  events
• Support to JWFC in ARCENT Lucky
  Sentinel exercises
• Recent Lucky Sentinel 2000 simulation support
  architecture

Simulation Environment
Tactical Environment
ADSI, GCCS, JSWS, AMDWS, GCCS-A, ASAS
COIC
JTLS C4I IF
JTLS
CENTCOM
GCCS
HLA LAN
1st MEF
IAS
ARCENT ACE
HLA RTI
ASAS, JSWS
TACTICAL LAN
1st CD
AMDWS. ASAS
DIS LAN
ADSI, AMDWS, ASAS, GCCS
32nd AAMDC
EADSIM
TSIU
GCCS, JSWS, GALE, AMDWS, WOTS, ADSI, ASAS
AOC/BCD
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Lessons Learned

• Understand Warfighter requirements
• Provide tailored simulation/C2 stimulation
  capability
• Crawl, walk, run
• Operator understanding
• Functional threads

Example Early Warning Functional Thread
ASAS
USMTF TACELINT
ACE
OPFOR
RED CMDR
ASAS
EADSIM
EADSIM
TSIU
And
MESL LAUNCH
PDU-ES SCUD
PDU-ES JTAGS PDU-S/T TBM LPP TBM IPP TBM
POS
PDU-ES DOCC Tactical MSGs TBM Info
ADSI
TIBS TIMF TRAP
FDL
KEY
AMDWS
Digital Manual
OI
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Current Development

• Efficient/reliable/expandable/ maintainable
  Object oriented approach
• Robust software development methodology/tools
  Reuse of DII COE components (e.g., CMP and
  JCDB) Consistent with AMSO/DMSO/SIMCI/
  etc. requirements and C4I reference FOMS
• DIS and HLA compliance
• DIS 2.04 and newer
• FOM agile/FOM independent
• Easy to use/low overhead Enhanced GUI
  Communication threads Scenario archive/reuse

• Robust capabilities Two-way communications
  between live/simulated forces Comprehensive
  tactical communications capabilities
  Multiple information parsing/
  formatting/delivery options Manual
  communication injection/control Support for
  legacy and evolving C4I systems (e.g., ABCS
  6.0) AAR support
• Portable to different platforms
• Additional tactical messages TADIL-J, TAB 37/31,
  USMTF 2000, JVMF

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SOM Development

• C4ISR updates modeled as interactions
• Information published as full data elements
• Interaction format based on previous
  transmit/signal message update implementation
• Does not require simulation knowledge of tactical
  formats
• Interactions defined by category
• Parameter level of detail to support readability
  and future flexibility

Interaction1
Interaction2
Interaction
Parameter
Datatype
Blue_Force_Tracking
Resource Location
Red_Order_of_Battle
ACE Enemy
ACE Enemy
Header
char
Early_Warning
TBM
Update
Message_ID
char
OHS
Radio Source
Radio Source
Struct
Targeting_Data
JSTARS
_
MTI
Time_Stamp
Float
JSTARS
_
GSM
Location
Float
UAV
_Telemetry
Velocity
Velocity_
Struct
UAV
_Salute
Force_ID
Unsigned short
Air_Picture
Air_Track
Echelon_Level
Echelon_
Enum
Logistics
Resource
Unit_Number
Unsigned short
Resource Supply
Org_Type
char
Maneuver_Control
Battlefield_Geo
Enemy_Master_Key
char
Operations_Order
Reporting_Enemy
char
Other
Free_Text
Place_Location_ID
char
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Potential Development

• SOM expansion to support transmission and receipt
  of digital orders using a type of Battle
  Management Language possible voice-to-digital
  translation
• Support for alternative communications/destination
  s and means
• Support for transmission of INTEL sensor data
  including audio, video, radar and IR data to C4I
  systems
• Support for injection of the effects of
  communications latencies and degradation
• AAR support for the implementation
  tracing/reporting of information operations
  effects
• The exchange and execution of exercise control
  commands and data
• Tactical to tactical message translation

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Key Points andRecommendations for SISO

• Key simulation interoperability points
• Establish clear lanes of responsibility
• Standardized interfaces (DIS, HLA)
• Focus on warfighter requirements and usability
• Potential SISO standards activities
• Continue reference FOM development
• Standardized thread development
• Mix of embedded/distributed Sim/Stim capability
  What does good look like?
• How do C2 organizations train/conduct mission
  planning and rehearsals while maintaining/monitori
  ng current situational awareness

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Summary

• Robust, tested capability
• Multiple domain support
• Lessons learned from Muddy Boots perspective
• Current and future development