Digestive System

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YOUR BRAIN
http//db.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/article
s/disorders/causesofocd.shtml
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http//cranialsubluxations.com/the_human_brain.htm

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http//www.city.ac.uk/optometry/Biolabs/Brainlab/B
rainlab.htm
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http//www.city.ac.uk/optometry/Biolabs/Brainlab/B
rainlab.htm
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What can go wrong with your brain?
Aneurysm

• Bulging blood vessel that may rupture

• Smoking increases your risk of aneurysms

Alzheimers

• loss of neurons in brain ? decrease in size of
  brain

• loss of memory and cognitive function ?
  confusion

• Alcohol
• Can damage your cerebellum

? balance problems

• Tumors
• Abnormal growth of cells

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Aneurysm
Bulging Artery
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Alzheimers
2 million people in the U.S. have Alzheimers
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Alcohol affects on Your Cerebellum
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Tumors
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Spinal Cord
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http//teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/santarm/TriIII
2002/Diagrams/stretchreflex.htm
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Heart and Lung
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Functions of the Circulatory System

• To carry oxygen from lungs to the rest of the
  body.
• To carry digested food from the small intestine
  to all areas in the body which need it.
• To aid in the disposal of all wastes from the
  body.
• To distribute heat.
• To fight diseases by using white blood cells to
  fight off infection.

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Components of the Circulatory System-Heart

• Divided into 4 chambers
• Right Atrium
• Receives deoxygenated blood from body
• Right Ventricle
• Receives the blood from the rt. atrium and pumps
  it to lungs
• Left Atrium
• Receives oxygenated blood from lungs
• Left Ventricle
• Receives blood from lf. atrium and pumps it to
  the whole body

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Components of the Circulatory System-Vessels

• Arteries
• Carry blood away from the heart
• Have thick muscular walls
• Have a pulse
• Deep under the skin
• Have no valves
• Veins
• Carry blood to the heart.
• Have thin walls
• Do not have a pulse
• Near surface of the skin
• Have valves to stop back-flow of blood
• Capillaries
• Connect arteries and veins
• Very thin walled1 cell thick

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Circulation
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Body
Lungs
Left Ventricle
Left Atrium
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Circulation
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Circulation
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Lungs

• Each human has two lungs
• Between 10 and 12 inches long

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Functions of Lungs

• Respiration
• process of oxygen from incoming air entering the
  blood, and carbon dioxide, a waste gas from the
  metabolism of food leaving the blood

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Respiration

• Breath in air that is has oxygen (O2)inspiration
• O2 travels down trachea, through the bronchi and
  bronchioles, into the alveoli for gas exchange
• Blood comes from heart and goes to the lungs to
  get oxygenated
• Exchange carbon dioxide (CO2) (from body) for new
  O2 by diffusion
• CO2 is breathed outexpiration

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Digestion
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Mouth Esophagus

• Food first enters the mouth and then moves down
  the esophagus in to the stomach.
• The esophagus is made up of muscle and moves food
  downward by itself, without you controlling it.
• Saliva helps to moisten food and break down
  carbohydrates.

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Stomach

• It is a large muscular sack that receives chewed
  up food.
• The stomach mixes the food you ate and begins to
  break down the proteins.
• Once the food is mixed with stomach juices it is
  called chyme.
• When mixed thoroughly, the chyme is squirted into
  the Small Intestine.

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Pancreas Liver

• Both organs make chemicals that break down
  carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the chyme.
• They squirt these chemicals into the first part
  of the Small Intestine called, the Duodenum.

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Small Intestine

• This is where the broken down nutrients (carbs,
  fats, and proteins) are absorbed into the
  bloodstream.
• The blood carries these nutrients to all parts of
  the body, where they are used for energy.
• It takes 2-4 hours for the chyme to travel
  through the Small Intestine.

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Large Intestine

• After the nutrients have been absorbed from the
  chyme, it moves into the large intestine.
• Here water is absorbed from the chyme back into
  the body.
• This is where the chyme becomes fecal material.
• The fecal material is stored here until you are
  ready to defecate.

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Kidneys

• Control how much water is in your body.
• When you are dehydrated they keep more water in
  your blood.
• When you drink a large amount of liquid, they let
  you get rid of the extra water in the form of
  Urine.

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References

• www.teachnet.ie/ farmnet/Circulatory.htm
• www.digbysystems.com/ emtlist/
• http//www.talktransplant.co.uk/images/Heart/circu
  latory_system.gif
• www.aduk.org.uk/ lungs_diagram.php
• www.bized.ac.uk/current/ leisure/2004_5/221104.htm
  
• http//kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/l
  ungs.html