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Achilles and LycaonAchilles and Priam

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All ancient Underworld scenes showed famous women and heroes of the Trojan War. ... Ideal man was warrior, citizen, athlete ... Other relatives were also athletes ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Achilles and LycaonAchilles and Priam


1
Achilles and Lycaon/Achilles and Priam
  • Theme 1 spare the suppliant
  • Theme 2 fathers and sons
  • Theme 3 the need for proper burial

2
Homer 6 (Odyssey) Underworld Scene
  • Underworld gloomy, dead can receive offerings
    from living, dead lose their bodies and are like
    ghosts
  • Patronymic when you refer to someone as son of
    X rather than by his real name
  • Theme of supplication begging by clasping chin
    and knees of other person
  • All ancient Underworld scenes showed famous women
    and heroes of the Trojan War.
  • Odysseus wife and Agamemnons wife total
    opposites

3
Warfare and the Polis
  • From the earliest times until the Roman conquest
    in 2nd cen B.C. the main theme of Greek history
    was war.
  • In Trojan War (Mycenaean times circa 1200 B.C.)
    fighting was done by nobles and their hired
    armies.
  • In 7th cen. B.C. hopliteheavily armed foot
    soldier warfare began. 2 more or less equally
    matched sides fought in formations called
    phalanxes.

4
Warfare and the Polis 2
  • Citizens had to serve for their entire adult
    lives and provide own armour.
  • Ideal man was warrior, citizen, athlete
  • You had a chance to gain a leadership role in
    your city if you won an event at 1 of the 5
    athletic festivals.
  • In Trojan war times best warriors had a say in
    government i.e. story of Sarpedon. This changed
    once hoplite warfare began.
  • Tyrtaeus the 7th cen Spartan poet urged young men
    to be brave and fight.
  • Solon Call no man happy until you know whether
    his entire life was happy i.e. hes dead
  • Xenophon farming prepares men for military
    service

5
Sparta
  • In order to keep the enslaved Greeks (Helots) in
    Sparta from rebelling, Spartans performed
    compulsory military service
  • The goal was to produce athletic children
  • Emphasis on plain diet, athletics, hunting, need
    for everyone in the community to discipline
    children
  • Paidagogoi were attendants who took children to
    school. Paidonomos was the public guardian of
    children

6
Sparta 2
  • Ephor a special elected magistrate with power
    to punish anyone, even other magistrates
  • Lycurgus 800 B.C. gave laws to Spartans
  • Xenophon said that Spartans of his day 5th cen
    B.C. had forgotten the teachings of their
    ancestors

7
Athletics in Homer Funeral games for Patroclus
  • When a nobleman in Trojan War times died, funeral
    games were held in his honour.
  • Prizes women, cauldrons, tripods, animals,
    money
  • Winning was important but not being humiliated in
    front of peers was more important

8
The family of Diagoras of Rhodes
  • He lived 5th cen. B.C., known for boxing. Other
    relatives were also athletes
  • Pausanias in 2nd cen A.D. saw his statue and
    wrote about it in The Description of Greece
    travel guide.
  • Married women not permitted at Olympics.
    Unmarried ok
  • Pancration/pankration boxing and wrestling
  • Some Diagorids temporarily in exile. Same fate as
    many aristocrats.

9
Opinion of Xenophanes 6th cen B.C.
  • It is unfair that athletes receive special
    treatment.
  • Brawn is not better than brains
  • Victory by these people does not improve matters
    for the polis
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