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West African Empires

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Both Ghana and Mali grew around the Niger River. Describe Sundiata. Sundiata, unhappy with the ruler of Mali, built an army and took over. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: West African Empires


1
West African Empires
  • Mali and Songhai

2
What river did both Ghana and Mali form around?
  • Both Ghana and Mali grew around the Niger River.

3
Describe Sundiata.
  • Sundiata, unhappy with the ruler of Mali, built
    an army and took over.
  • Along with Mali, Sundiata took over Ghana,
    gaining control of Ghanas trade routes.
  • He also gained control of Ghanas gold and salt.
  • He tried to improve agriculture in Mali, and
    introduced cotton (which was used to make
    clothing).
  • He got rid of all local leaders, mansas, taking
    their title along with both political and
    religious control over Mali.
  • After his death, the name mansa was used for all
    rulers of Mali.

4
What was a mansa?
  • A mansa was originally a local leader in Mali.
  • The meaning of mansa changed after Sundiata got
    rid of all of the mansas and used the title for
    himself.
  • After Sundiata, mansa was used to identify the
    supreme leader.

5
Who was Mansa Musa?
  • Mansa Musa was a Muslim leader.
  • He brought wealth and fame to Mali in the 1300s.
  • He also spread the Muslim religion throughout
    West Africa.
  • Trade grew under Mansa Musas rule, especially in
    the city of Timbuktu.
  • Mansa Musa was extremely religious and believed
    very strongly in the importance of an education.
  • Mansa Musa wanted everyone to be able to read the
    Arabic language so that they could read the
    Koran.
  • He also built several mosques throughout the
    empire of Mali to spread Islam.

6
Describe the importance of Timbuktu.
  • Timbuktu was a very important trading city under
    Mansa Musas rule.
  • People from all over Africa and Asia came to
    Timbuktu to trade gold, salt, precious metals,
    clothing, slaves, etc.

7
How did the empire of Mali end?
  • After Mansa Musa died, his son took over.
  • His son was a weak ruler and failed to stop
    invaders who came in and destroyed Timbuktu.
  • The Tuareg, nomads, eventually came in and took
    over the area.

8
What happened in Songhai in the 1300s?
  • Mansa Musa took over Songhai.
  • When the empire of Mali weakened after Mansa
    Musas death, the people of Songhai rebelled and
    took back their land.

9
How were the Songhai leaders and the North
African Berbers similar?
  • The Songhai leaders and North African Berbers
    were similar because they were both Muslim.
  • This made them more willing to trade with each
    other and made trade easier.

10
Who led to the expansion of the Songhai Empire?
Describe him.
  • Sunni Ali lead the expansion of the Songhai
    empire.
  • He worked to bring the empire together, and told
    the people that they needed to work together.
  • He was a mixture of Muslim and local religions.
  • He brought peace to Songhai.

11
What happened after Sunni Ali died?
  • After Sunni Ali died, his son, a non-Muslim, took
    over.
  • The people of Songhai were worried that a
    non-Muslim leader might be harmful, and rebelled.
  • Muhammad Ture took over and was given the name
    Askia the Great.

12
Who was Muhammad Ture?
  • Muhammad Ture overthrew Sunni Alis son and
    became known as Askia the Great.
  • He believed in the importance of education,
    building many educational buildings and mosques.
  • He made Timbuktu and Djenne learning centers.
    People traveled here from all over North Africa
    to study math, science, medicine, grammar, and
    law.
  • He set up 5 provinces in Songhai and appointed
    leaders for each one.

13
Describe the importance of Djenne.
  • Djenne was a culturally rich city just like
    Timbuktu.
  • Djenne was a city known as a learning center.

14
Describe the reasons for the end of the Songhai
Empire.
  • Morocco was interested in Songhais land and
    riches, especially its salt.
  • Morocco attacked Songhai using weapons that were
    much better than those used by the Songhai
    soldiers, easily destroying its cities.
  • Trade also changed, shifting to sea routes as
    opposed to land routes.

15
Writing a Eulogy- Assignment
  • What is a Eulogy?
  • A speech given to honor someone who has died.
  • Choose two of the following four leaders and
    write a Eulogy for them.
  • Sundiata
  • Sunni Ali
  • Mansa Musa
  • Askia the Great

16
Writing a Eulogy- Expectations
  • All spelling and grammar must be correct.
  • You must demonstrate knowledge of the leaders you
    choose to write about.
  • Your information must be factual.
  • You must write your Eulogies as if you were
    friends with the leaders you decide to choose.
  • You should be commemorating the lives of these
    leaders. AKA- You should be talking about them in
    a good way! (Discuss their achievements and
    contributions)
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