Solar Image Processing: A Multiscale View

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Solar Image Processing A Multiscale View

• C. Alex Young
• NASA/GSFC

UCLA - IPAM (January 28, 2004)
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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• Some other problems.

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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• Some other problems.

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The high energy sun.
20 Jan 2000 Solar Flare BATSE and COMPTEL (yellow)
1-30 MeV image and 100 keV /1-30 MeV lightcurves
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The EUV/radio sun.
Flare in EUV 171 Å pass band
Flare in radio
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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• A suggestion by J. Starck
• Some other problems.

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From the photosphere to the corona.
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The visible sun.
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Sunspot evolution.
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Swedish Vacuum Telescope.
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Solar flare quake.
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Solar oscillations.
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Oscillations in the MDI high-res. f.o.v.
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Helioseismology.
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Sub-surface structure.
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Backside imaging.
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Longitudinal Magnetic field
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304 Å Sun
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195 Å Sun
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195 Å difference image of an EIT wave
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Solar flare in UV cont. and 2 EUV passbands seen
by TRACE
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Filament eruptions in TRACE 171 Å passband
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Magnetic loops in TRACE 171 Å passband
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A flare in TRACE 1600 Å cont. and 171 Å pass band
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Solar tornados
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Largest flare ever recorded in 171 Å pass band.
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The outer corona seen in white-light by LASCO
C2 2-15 solar radii
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LASCO C3 7-30 solar radii
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Active sun seen in LASCO C3
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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• Some other problems.

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TRACE 195 A
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Images at the time of the first brightening in
the TRACE movie. (Gallagher 2003)
Top panels TRACE 195 Å difference images created
by subtracting each image from a frame taken at
004230 UT. Bottom panels LASCO C2 and C3
images showing the similar morphology of the
eruption as it propagates away from the solar
surface. (Gallagher 2003)
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A Standard Analysis
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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• Some other problems.

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scale 2
scale 4
scale 8
scale 16
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A set of edges from 004634 UT to 010158 UT at
2 scales

• The top image shows the 30 multiscale edges at
  scale 8 (green) and 16 (red) over the image at
  004634 UT.
• The bottom images zoom in on the fronts.

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Following a front in TRACE.
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Outline

• My motivations - where I got interested in
  multiscale methods.
• A gallery of data.
• A standard analysis - that surprised me.
• My approach - an attempt at something better.
• Some other problems.

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high-energy solar flare imaging
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Sunspot Classification
Multifractal measure ? Shapelets ?
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EIT Calibration calibration lamp for flat field
and filter grid.
Wavelets, Ridgelets, and Curvelets representation?
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EIT 284 Å images
Cosmic Rays, Bright Points, Coronal Holes.
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Large increase in data volume.

• 1 passband x 136 images x (1 Mb) 136 Mb
• 4 passbands x 1440 images x (16.6 Mbs) 95.6 Gbs

Data from just EUV imaging
Data from the entire spacecraft increases from 1
Gbyte/day to 1 Tbyte/day
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The sun in STEREO
Tomography in space, reconstructing a 3-D view
with two spacecraft