1990 CAA amendments regulate emissions of 189 chemicals called hazardous air pollutants HAPs

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Regulatory History of Dry Cleaners Under the CAA

• 1990 - CAA amendments regulate emissions of 189
  chemicals called hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)
• Perchloroethylene (PCE or Perc) is designated a
  HAP

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Regulatory History of Dry Cleaners Under the CAA

• 12/9/91 - EPA proposes a National Emission
  Standard for HAPs (NESHAPs) limiting PCE
  emissions
• 1991-93 - Comment period on the proposed PCE
  NESHAP

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Regulatory History of Dry Cleaners Under the CAA

• 09/22/93 - EPA publishes final rule 40 CFR 63,
  Subpart M
• Rule is called the National Perchloroethylene
  Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning
  Facilities

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Requirements Under DC Rule Depend On

• Source Category Small, Large, Major
• Type of cleaning machine Dry-to-Dry or Transfer
  Machine
• Installation Date Date dry cleaning machines
  were installed

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Determining Source Category Depends Upon PCE
Consumed

• During rolling 12-month calendar period, for
  example
• February/2001 - February/2002
• PCE PURCHASED
• March/2001 - March/2002
• PCE PURCHASED

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Determining Source Category Depends Upon PCE Use
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Dry CleanerNESHAP Requirements

• A) Pollution Prevention
• B) Pollution Control
• C) Monitoring Requirements
• D) Reporting Requirements
• E) Recordkeeping Requirements

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DC NESHAP RequirementsA) Pollution Prevention

• Operate/maintain equipment according to
  manufacturers specs
• Implement good housekeeping practices (i.e.,
  drain filters for 24 hours before disposal, store
  PCE waste in non-leaking containers, etc.)
• Properly manage/dispose wastes

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DC NESHAP RequirementsA) Pollution Prevention

• Implement a leak detection and repair (LDAR)
  program
• Inspect all system components for leaks (weekly
  or biweekly)
• Major/large sources - required to conduct weekly
  inspections
• Small sources - required to conduct biweekly
  inspections
• APCD recommends weekly inspections regardless of
  category

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DC NESHAP RequirementsA) Pollution Prevention

• Implement a leak detection and repair (LDAR)
  program
• Repair leaks within 24 hrs, if possible
• Order repair parts within 48 hrs
• Repair leaks within 5 days of receiving the
  ordered parts
• Document everything, keep receipts!

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DC NESHAP RequirementsB) Pollution Controls
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DC NESHAP RequirementsB) Pollution Controls

• Room enclosures shall be
• Constructed of materials impermeable to PCE
• Designed and operated to maintain a negative
  pressure at each room opening at all times
  machines are operating
• Vented to a control device

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DC NESHAP RequirementsC) Monitoring

• Refrigerated condensers
• Outlet air-PCE temperature ? 45 F
• Washers/Reclaimer Temp. difference between
  inlet and outlet air-PCE streams ? 20 F
• Temperature measured weekly

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DC NESHAP RequirementsC) Monitoring - Equipment
lt 9/22/93

• Carbon absorbers
• Measure exhaust with a colorimetric detector tube
• PCE concentration ? 100 ppm
• PCE concentration measured weekly
• Use appropriate detector tube at appropriate
  sampling location (8 dds downstream, 2 dds
  upstream), according to manufacturers
  instructions

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DC NESHAP RequirementsD) Reporting

• By 6/18/94, all dry cleaning facilities should
  have provided the following reports
• Initial Notification Report
• Pollution Prevention Report
• Compliance Report

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DC NESHAP RequirementsD) Reporting

• After 6/18/94, all new dry cleaning facilities
  should have provided the following reports upon
  start-up
• Submit air permit application
• Compliance Report

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DC NESHAP RequirementsE) Recordkeeping

• Facility owner shall keep receipts of PCE
  purchases and maintain a log of the following
  information
• Volume of PCE purchased each month
• Calculation and result of the rolling 12-month
  annual PCE consumption determined on the first
  day of each month
• Dates of equipment/leak inspections

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DC NESHAP RequirementsE) Recordkeeping

• Facility owner shall maintain a log of the
  following information
• Name and location of any perceptible PCE leaks in
  the equipment
• Date leaks were repaired
• Date when any repair parts were ordered
• Date of temperature sensor monitoring results

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DC NESHAP RequirementsE) Recordkeeping

• Facility owner shall maintain a log of the
  following information
• Date of colorimetric detector tube monitoring
  results

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DC NESHAP RequirementsE) Recordkeeping

• Facility owner shall retain onsite a copy of the
  design specifications and operating manuals for
  each dry cleaning system and each emission
  control device.

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Typical APCD Inspection

• Equipment inspection
• NESHAP records review
• Leak detection documentation
• Corrective action documentation
• Temperature documentation
• PCE purchase documentation
• Fugitive emission/pollution prevention inspection
• General compliance issues (water, waste, safety)

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For Further Info Permit Applications and Reports

• Permits applications and reports should be
  submitted to
• Air Pollution Control District of Jefferson
  County
• 850 Barret Avenue
• Louisville, KY 40204-1745
• For information, contact
• Don Sanders, AP Technical Specialist
• Phone [phone]
• Email dsanders_at_co.jefferson.ky.us

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For Further InfoSmall Business Assistance

• General Questions should be submitted to
• Air Pollution Small Business Ombudsman
• 810 Barret Avenue, Room 637
• Louisville, KY 40204-1745
• For information, contact
• Martha Gammons, Small Business Ombudsman
• Phone [phone]
• Email mgammons_at_co.jefferson.ky.us
• Website www.apcd.org/sbo

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For Further InfoPollution Prevention

• General questions should be submitted to
• Kentucky Pollution Prevention Center
• 420 Lutz Hall
• University of Louisville
• Louisville, KY 40292
• For information, contact
• Phone [phone]
• Email info_at_kppc.org
• Website www.kppc.org

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For Further Info Internet Trade Association
Sources

• National Fabricare Association
• www.cleanersonline.com
• Plain English Guide for Dry Cleaners
• www.es.epa.gov/oeca/ccsmd/dcguide.pdf
• Ky Business Environmental Assistance Program
• www.kbeap.org
• Air Toxics Website - regs pertaining to DCs
• www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/dryperc/dryclpg.html
• Kentucky Pollution Prevention Center
• www.kppc.org
• Air Pollution Control District
• www.apcd.org