Connected Vehicles for a Connected World

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Connected Vehicles for a Connected World

• Research Innovative Technology Administration
• US Department of Transportation
• January 2008

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What VII will Enable . Safety

• Imagine
• Your vehicle knows the speed and location of
  approaching vehicles
• Your vehicle can see vehicles you cant see
• Your vehicle knows roadway conditions that you
  cant see

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What VII will Enable.. Mobility

• Imagine
• You had traffic information on all your potential
  routes and modes of travel
• You could compare different routes and modes of
  travel based on traffic speed
• Your navigation unit could reroute you when an
  accident occurs during travel

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What VII will Enable . Consumer Services

• Imagine
• You can quickly download movies and other high
  content material into your vehicle
• You can find and reserve available parking spaces
  before you arrive
• You can pay for tolls, parking, and your morning
  cup of coffee automatically from within your
  vehicle
• Your vehicle can tell you when it needs servicing
  and direct you to a service station

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What VII will Enable . Agency Management
Operations

• Imagine
• Managing your system if you knew real-time travel
  speeds and densities, braking activities, and
  roadway temperatures for all major facilities
• Planning for growth when you know complete
  traffic patterns around development
• Having the information needed to measure and
  track system performance

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VII Concept

• Situation Relevant Information

Probe Data
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USDOTs Research and Demonstration Program
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A Change in Strategy

• Previous approach
• Deployment decision by OEMs, US DOT, state
  transportations agencies in 2010 with
  synchronized deployments beginning around 2012
• Key technology for vehicle to infrastructure
  communications was Dedicated Short Range
  Communications (DSRC)
• Expectation that the infrastructure build out
  could be substantially funded by the Federal
  government
• Current approach
• Open up the architecture to allow for non-DSRC
  technology
• Work with aftermarket suppliers to enable VII
  capabilities sooner
• Demonstrate a subset of capabilities that VII can
  provide in a few, high concentration operational
  test sites
• Support growth in geographic coverage and
  functionality over time
• Leverage new technologies and private industry
  developments
• Learn from related state and university research

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Program Goals and Objectives

• Goals
• Nationwide system
• Enable the full range of safety, mobility, and
  commercial applications
• Adaptable to technology evolution
• Objectives
• Near term to demonstrate current capability and
  provide for more rapid deployment of VII
  applications
• Mid term to expand both the system
  functionality and geographic coverage of the
  system
• Long term to enhance system performance

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Multi-Phased Approach

• Phase 1 Field operational test site(s)
  established to demonstrate and test what can be
  done today
• Phase 2 Applied research and development
  activities to support the longer term needs of
  the program in areas of technology, policy, and
  public agency applications
• Phase 3 Monitoring and assessing new
  technologies that can enhance system performance

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Phase 1 SAFE TRIP-21Safe and Efficient Travel
Through Innovation and Partnerships

• Develop field test bed(s) to
• Accelerate availability of travel information and
  services to provide users with greater
  situational awareness of safety hazards,
  congestion bottlenecks, and route and modal
  choices
• Evaluate impacts, value of integrated
  infrastructure for travelers and commercial
  operators, and market readiness of near-term
  applications, including but not limited to those
  using DSRC
• Leverage other U.S. DOT activities such as the
  Urban Partnership Agreements, the Corridors of
  the Future Sites, and others.
• Leverage existing systems and capabilities (i.e.,
  511, Highway Advisory radio, vehicle-based
  collision warning technologies, traffic reporting
  services, etc., and state, local, university, and
  industry research )

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Phase 1 SAFE TRIP-21 (2007 2008)

• Key Dates and Milestones
• Request for Information (RFI) released December
  18, 2007
• Information requested on partnering for Phase 1
  test site development
• Information requested on test site
  characteristics, applications and their
  readiness, innovative technologies
• RFI responses expected by January 11, 2008
• Site(s) operational and evaluation to begin
  December 1, 2008
• Interim findings will be transitioned toward mid-
  and longer-term ongoing research in VII Phases 2
  and 3
• SAFE TRIP-21 Final Report in January 2010
  (Interim reports in 09)

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment

• Fund applied research and development activities
• In the areas of enabling technologies, public
  applications, and institutional issues
• To support a phased, nationwide deployment of VII
  capabilities between 2008 and 2015
• Key Objectives
• Assess and demonstrate capabilities of various
  technical solutions
• Identify phased roll-out strategies to support
  rapid deployment of near-term capabilities and
  enable the long term vision
• Analyze alternative business models and
  governance structures
• Develop technical and policy solutions to address
  security, privacy, liability and other
  institutional issues
• Develop key applications for the public sector
• Leverage results of operational tests and state
  and university research to improve and refine
  research and deployment approaches

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VII National System Network Build Up
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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide
DeploymentProof of Concept (POC) Testing MI
and CA

• Testing of public, private, and e-commerce
  applications
• Testing to be completed in March with results
  published in June 2008
• Validate the vehicle to roadside and vehicle to
  vehicle capabilities in a multi-application
  environment
• Demonstrate that VII technical approach ensures
  anonymity, privacy, and security
• The Michigan POC test includes
• 25 vehicles, 57 intersection and freeway
  locations near Detroit ? approximately 47 square
  miles of coverage
• Vehicle based communications is DSRC for both V2I
  and V2V
• Backhaul communications is a combination of 3G,
  WiMax, and Mesh
• Scheduled to operate through June 08
• Currently preparing an RFI to solicit input and
  expressions of interest in
• Using the test bed by other private and public
  sector entities and
• Options for continued operation and maintenance

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Most of the VII POC Testing will be conducted in
the suburbs of Detroit. RSEs placed along
several stretches of highway as well as multiple
signalized intersections.
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Michigan Test Bed - Private Applications
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Michigan Test Bed Public Applications
Traveler Informationand Corridor Management Load
Balancing Applications
Weather Information and Corridor Management
Planning Assistance Applications use the entire
DTE area
All Applications
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VII California Infrastructure

• Access to 60 miles of Right-of-Way, including
  hills and urban canyons
• Three, parallel, 20 mile long North/South routes
  US 101 SR 82 (El Camino Real) and I-280
• 12 RSEs are installed and operating, with
  approved FCC licenses
• Mix of freeway / intersection locations
• 28 more RSE sites have been selected and surveyed
• Installation of RSEs will continue through August
  2008
• Backhaul wired (T1 lines) and wireless (3G
  cellular WiMAX, Municipal WiFi)
• Communications choice is site dependent
• Back End Servers
• One at the 511 TIC in Oakland one at PATH in
  Richmond
• IP-based additional servers can be located
  anywhere

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VII California TestbedSouthern Peninsula, San
FranciscoBay Areaviicalifornia.org
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VII Technical Innovations

• Most extensive DSRC/WAVE protocol testbed (56
  RSEs)
• Prioritization of radio access messages for
  safety (while supporting other applications)
• Multi-channel DSRC radios with channel switching
• Single radio will support diverse applications
  simultaneously
• One-way, 2-way, individual, and broadcast
  communications
• Supports many vehicles simultaneously and
  scaleable to large population
• Groundbreaking method to maintain privacy
  anonymity while ensuring legitimacy of messages
  data
• Implement common vehicle interface for V2V across
  OEMs

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment
Technology and Testing Going Forward

• Continue technical research to support deployment
• Additional research anticipated in the areas of
• Communications
• Mapping
• Security
• Positioning
• Standards
• Enable future testing needs
• Ensure testing capabilities are available to
  support public and private interests
• Ensure test bed activities are working to common
  standards and interfaces

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment
Applications Activities Underway

• CICAS-V
• Violation warning at traffic signal and stop sign
  controlled intersections
• Prototype development complete summer 2008
• Field operational test option being examined
• Vehicle to Vehicle Communications
• Develop architecture and message sets
• Develop relative positioning technology using
  DSRC
• Develop and verify objective test procedures
• Applications being examined include
• Emergency Electronic Brake Light
• Forward Collision Warning
• Intersection Movement Assist
• Blind Spot Warning Lane Change Warning
• Do-Not-Pass Warning
• Control Loss Warning
• Assessment of benefits both with autonomous
  systems and DSRC alone
• Initial test platform to be established mid-2008
  with final project results end of 2009

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment
Applications Going Forward

• Begin development of deployment oriented
  applications
• Mobility applications using vehicle probe data
• Traveler information
• Traffic Management
• Transit operations
• Commercial vehicle operations
• Road weather information (building on current
  USDOT/NWS research)
• Electronic payment for tolling
• Leverage results of existing and future test and
  evaluation activities
• Public sector application workshop(s) to be held
  in spring 2008
• Identify real world needs for input into Concept
  of Operations and Requirements documents
• Provide basis for private sector development of
  products and services

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment
Business Models

• Request for Information related to the business
  model is expected to be released in Spring 2008
  to identify innovative partnerships as a means
  for cost-sharing and market stimulation
• Outcomes will be used to
• Identify possible roles of the public sector
  moving forward
• Initiate conversations with the private sector
  regarding cost-sharing arrangements
• Identify research gaps and ways for the Federal
  government to serve as a catalyst for the
  deployment of technologies and applications

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Phase 2 Enable a Phased Nationwide Deployment
Institutional Issues

• Research to overcome potential institutional
  barriers to deployment
• Activities underway and to be initiated in 2008
• Privacy policy framework (complete)
• Benefit-cost analysis (underway)
• Legal research (underway)
• Patent search
• Liability analysis for public agencies and
  private partners
• Analysis of potentially influential federal
  legislation
• Identification of potential state legal and
  regulatory hurdles
• Data ownership and access rights (pending)
• Network ownership and access rights (pending)
• Capabilities and limitations of the 5.9GHz
  spectrum allocation (ongoing)

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Phase 3 Monitor Cutting Edge Technology

• Monitor and assess developing technology that may
  be incorporated into the VII system to enhance
  system performance, including
• Advancements in mesh networks for vehicle to
  vehicle communications
• Mobile WiMax
• 4G cellular
• Low cost inertial navigation