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Internet services

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Title: Internet services


1
Internet services WWW
  • Sadiq M. Sait, Ph.D
  • sadiq_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.sa
  • Department of Computer Engineering
  • King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
  • Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

2
  • Internet Services and Applications

3
What really is a Service?
  • On internet (network of networks), computers
    communicate with one another. Users of one
    computer can access services from another.
  • You can use many methods to communicate with a
    computer somewhere else on the Internet.
  • These methods used to communicate are called
    services because they service your requests.
  • There are a wide variety of services, and each
    can give you many kinds of information.
  • In summary the internet is a
  • way to move data
  • a bunch of protocols

4
Available Services
  • Some most popular services on the Internet are
  • E-mail
  • Telnet
  • FTP
  • WWW
  • Others (Archie, Wais, Gopher, News and News
    Groups, Internet Relay Chat, Internet Phone,
    Video Conferencing, Internet Collaborative
    Tools)

5
Available Services (Contd.)
  • Email Electronic mail
  • Telnet Remote login into computer networks
  • FTP File Transfer Protocol for transferring
    computer files
  • WWW World Wide Web
  • Gopher Searchable index, selectable index of
    documents
  • USENET Newsgroups with different subjects enable
    people with common interest to share information
  • Chat Real-time communications between people on
    the Internet

6
Clients and Servers
  • All that we speak of internet fall into three
    categories
  • Clients
  • Servers
  • Content
  • Software/Hardware that we use to browse the web,
    send mail, download files, etc are called
    clients.
  • Servers respond to clients requests.

7
Internet Applications FTP and WWW
Client
FTP server
User
files
Internet
Browser
Helper Applications
Web Server
Binary Graphics Audio Video
8
E-mail
  • Most popular and widely used internet service.
  • Has become a de-facto standard of communication
    within the corporate and beyond.
  • Works between disparate systems like PC, Unix,
    Mac, etc.
  • Latest e-mail standards let users attach files
    (audio, video, animation, etc).
  • Volume of data transferred is billions of
    bytes/day.

9
E-mail (Contd.)
  • It is easy to send, read, reply to, and manage.
  • It is convenient, global, economical and very
    fast.
  • It has many advantages over regular methods such
    as postal service or fax technology.
  • Studies have shown that recipients are more
    likely to reply to an e-mail message than a
    written request.
  • E-mail can be read or written at any time,
    independent of time zones and business hours.

10
E-mail (Contd.)
  • Advantages
  • Standard way of communication for corporations
  • Less interference or interrupts between work
  • Reply with a number of options
  • No cost within the environment
  • Less chance of miscommunication
  • Can save messages for future retrieval and
    records
  • Disadvantages
  • You need to have a computer and a network
    connection
  • Less personal than voice (although now we can
    also have voice mail, with some extra cost)

11
How e-mail works?
  • Like other internet services e-mail is yet
    another client-server system, called SMTP (simple
    message transfer protocol).
  • You use a mail client program to send a message
    to the post office server (an SMTP server).
  • The post office server identifies the recipients
    address and send the message through the internet
    to the mail server that handles mail for each
    recipients address.
  • The mail server stores the message in the
    recipients mailbox.
  • The recipient uses an e-mail client program to
    request new messages from the mail server.
  • The mail server sends the message in the
    recipients mailbox back to the mail client.

12
How e-mail works? (Contd.)
  • Senders
  • Mail
  • Client
  • Post OfficeServer
  • (SMTP)
  • MailServer(POP3)
  • RecipientsMailClient

13
How e-mail works? (Contd.)
  • The Internet uses a TCP/IP-family protocol called
    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) as the
    standard method for transferring electronic mail.
  • SMTP handles messages in queues (also called
    spools).
  • When a message is sent to SMTP, it places it in
    an outgoing queue.

14
How e-mail works? (Contd.)
  • SMTP attempts to forward the message from the
    queue whenever it connects to remote machines.
  • Usually, if SMTP cannot forward the message
    within a given amount of time, it is returned
    with an error message, or simply dropped.
  • When a connection is established between two
    computers that use SMTP, the two systems exchange
    authentication codes.

15
How e-mail works? (Contd.)
  • Each system sends a command to the other to
    identify the first mail messages sender and
    provides basic information about the message.
  • The receiving system returns an acknowledgement,
    after which the message is transmitted.
  • SMTP is smart enough to handle multiple
    destinations for the same message in an efficient
    manner.

16
Structure of Email
  • A typical e-mail system, such as the one in a
    company office, usually consists of a mail
    server, a post office, and the clients.
  • The mail system is tied directly to the local
    area network of the organization.

17
Hotmail, Yahoo Mail, Rocket Mail .
  • Hotmail and its cousins are all getting to be
    very popular because
  • they offer free e-mail accounts,
  • basically use Web-technology
  • The disadvantage is that you have to
  • wait longer frustrating experience if the mail
    is plenty and the lines are slow--which they are
    anyway, most of the time!
  • The major advantage, however,
  • is access to mail from virtually anywhere they
    can access the WWW on the Internet
  • there is privacy, since mail is left on the server

18
Finding an e-mail Address
  • Finger and Whois
  • Finger is a standard utility supplied with the
    TCP/IP protocol family that lets you determine
    who is a valid system user and who is logged into
    a system you have access to.
  • Finger can be used to find out a persons
    username if a mail recipient is logged in on the
    destination machine.
  • Finger shows you how long a user has been logged
    in, where theyre logged in from, and what their
    login names are.

19
Mailing Lists
  • A mailing list is a group of e-mail addresses
    that can be reached by sending a message to one
    address the list address.
  • Mail sent to that address is redistributed to all
    subscribers.
  • Subscribers can have a discussion by sending
    messages to the list address (often called
    posting to the list).
  • The list of addresses can be maintained by hand
    or with an automated list server system like
    Majordomo or ListProcessor.

20
Mailing Lists (Contd.)
  • Mailing lists are good for many things such as
  • distributing information from a central source to
    lots of people
  • Discussing a project among participants.
  • Exchanging questions and answers with other users
    of a product or service, or perhaps company
    technical-support personnel.
  • To join just send mail to listserv_at_domain.name.
    where listserv is commonly the account through
    which messages are distributed

21
TELNET
  • Terminal Network Protocol
  • Login to remote computer
  • Usage of remote computer as if you were a local
    user
  • An account on remote computer is required
  • TELNET use
  • Remote database access
  • Remote access to remote customers computer for
    technical support

22
TELNET (Contd.)
  • Need to connect and log in to remote host
  • Connect using host.domain telnet
    vlsi.ccse.kfupm.edu.sa
  • Account userid must be known
  • Password is usually required

23
TELNET (Contd.)
  • Weakness
  • Only console applications can run. No GUI support
    unless X terminals are used.
  • Security risk because hackers can trap the IP
    address of the network.
  • Least used part of the Web
  • All ports numbered 80 will have Web sites
    likewise all port 23s will be used for telnet,
    and multi-user games will always be found on
    4201, etc.

24
FTP
  • File Transfer Protocol
  • Allows transfer of any type of file from the
    remote server to a local computer and vice versa
  • Two types of FTP
  • Secure FTP rarely used because of security
    issues
  • Anonymous widely used
  • Secure FTP Login to an account
  • Access restrictions
  • Passwords required

25
FTP (Contd.)
  • Anonymous FTP
  • Provides unrestricted access to files and
    directories
  • Examples free software, publications, press
    releases, etc.
  • FTP use
  • Distribution of software upgrades and new drivers
  • Access to free information
  • Access to free software and shareware

26
Anonymous FTP
  • They are called anonymous because they accept the
    word anonymous as a login name, and your
    e-mail address as the password.
  • With this kind of service, you can download or
    upload files without having an account on the
    machine. Most often used to download files.
  • If the FTP server isnt anonymous, when you
    connect to the server you must provide a user
    name and password, just as though you were
    logging in to the machine.
  • Anonymous FTP servers are one of the major means
    of distributing software and information across
    the Internet.

27
Anonymous FTP (Contd.)
  • FTP servers are fairly straightforward. When a
    server receives a file request from an FTP
    client, it sends a copy of that file back to the
    client.
  • Other commands instruct the server to send the
    client a directory of files, or to accept an
    upload from the client, etc.

28
FTP
  • A large amount of software, mostly free, is
    available on anonymous FTP servers for many
    different types of computer systems.
  • One of the most frustrating problems with the
    Internet is the difficulty of finding information
    such as FTP sites, host resources, sources of
    information, and so forth.
  • Most FTP sites dont have a listing of all their
    available files, although some do.
  • However, if you have access to WWW, there are
    services (both free and fee-based) that provide a
    WAIS based search from inside a WWW browser,
    helping in locating information.

29
FTP (contd.)
  • Example FTP actions
  • get Transfer a file from remote host to your
    computer
  • put Transfer a file from your computer to remote
    host
  • dir or ls Remote host directory listing
  • ll or ldir Local directory listing
  • chdir or cd Change remote directory
  • lcd Change local directory

30
Archie
  • The archie service is a collection of resource
    discovery tools that together provide an
    electronic directory service for locating
    information in an Internet environment.
  • Archie creates a central index of files available
    on anonymous FTP sites around the Internet.
  • The Archie servers connect to anonymous FTP sites
    that agree to participate and download lists of
    all the files on these sites.
  • These lists of files are merged into a database,
    which users can then search

31
Archie (Contd.)
  • Users can access an archie server either through
    interactive sessions or through queries sent via
    electronic mail messages.
  • The archie server automatically updates the
    listing information from each site about once a
    month.
  • In addition to offering access to anonymous ftp
    listings, archie also permits access to the
    whatis description database.

32
WAIS
  • WAIS stands for Wide Area Information Server and
    is pronounced ways.
  • WAIS searches for words in documents.
  • The core of the software is an indexer, used to
    create full-text indexes of files fed to it, and
    a server that can use those indexes to search for
    keywords or whole English expressions among the
    files indexed.

33
Gopher
  • The term Gopher refers to
  • - A network protocol
  • - A server type
  • - One of the many Gopher client applications.
  • Gopher protocol and software allow for browsing
    information systems so that one doesnt need to
    know exactly where the needed information is
    before looking for it.
  • You do need to know the address of a Gopher
    server to get started, after you are there, the
    server software presents information in a clear,
    structured, hierarchical list.

34
Gopher (Contd.)
  • Most Gopher sites have links to others, so after
    connecting to one, it is quite easy to jump to
    another.
  • Gophers user interface is very simple.
  • Since the Gopher service is text-oriented, it
    performs well over slow links and can be used by
    people who only have dial-in access to a machine
    on the internet.

35
Veronica
  • Veronica is a service that provides a (very
    large) index of titles of Gopher items from most
    servers throughout the Internet.
  • The result of a Veronica search is a set of
    Gopher items whose titles contain the keyword
    that the user was searching for.
  • The Veronica index is accessed via a normal
    Gopher search item.

36
News Newsgroups
  • Network news is another way to take part in a lot
    of discussions over the internet, yet keeping
    them organized and separate from your mail.
  • You dont have to subscribe to a mailing list,
    and you wont receive lots of mail.
  • The news reader helps you keep everything in
    order.

37
UseNet
  • UseNet is a service carried over the Internet
    that supports newsgroups.
  • The messages everyone using the UseNet sends to a
    newsgroup, become available for anyone who
    accesses the newsgroup.
  • Newsgroups are organized hierarchically, with the
    broadest grouping first in the name.

38
Newsgroups
  • There are major news categories like
  • comp, news, rec, sci, soc, talk, misc
  • Servers can also get newsgroups by creating them
    locally.
  • Server administrators can create whatever groups
    they like, corresponding to the interest of the
    users.

39
News Item
  • A news item is very similar to an electronic mail
    message.
  • It has the same general parts as an e-mail
    message a header and a body.
  • The body of a news item is the messages text.
  • The header tells the news software how to spread
    the item throughout the Internet.

40
Internet Relay Chat
  • IRC (Internet Relay Chat) allows you to talk
    (write) to people from all over the world about a
    variety of topics, simultaneously and on-line.
  • It is mostly used as a recreational communication
    system.
  • It is again a client-server design.
  • The client software allows you to connect to the
    IRC server, which accepts connections from many
    IRC clients at the same time.
  • The various IRC servers across the Internet are
    interconnected.

41
Internet Relay Chat (Contd.)
  • There are a number of IRC servers running on the
    Internet, some of them are
  • irc.netsys.com irc.caltech.edu irc.indiana.edu
    csa.bu.edu irc.nada.kth.se
  • When you connect to an IRC server, you will
    usually be asked for a port number in addition to
    the Internet address.
  • Most of the time, this port number is 6667
  • Some IRC Terms Nicknames, IRC Channels

42
Internet Phone
  • Internet phones let you talk (literally talk,
    with voice not in writing) to people all over the
    world, just for the price of your Internet
    connection.
  • It demands a reasonably fast machine with support
    for audio devices.
  • Internet phones are essentially for
    point-to-point communications.
  • The heart of any Internet phone tool is the
    codec, the software that compresses/decompresses
    the digitized voice data
  • Most Internet Phones offer more than just
    telephony, e.g., voice mail, answering machines,
    and similar features.

43
Video Conferencing
  • Internet Video Conferencing offers a low-cost
    alternative to traditional proprietary systems.
  • It demands high bandwidths.
  • It requires a video camera and related hardware
    card.
  • Video-conferencing is largely point-to-point.
  • Only very few packages support true
    multi-conferencing.

44
Introduction to WWW

45
Introduction to WWW
  • WWW Terminology
  • Web page design and HTML (Basics)
  • Web Client/Server Software and HTTP
  • Images, Image maps, forms, and frames
  • Web authoring and Database integration
  • Search engines
  • Dynamic HTML, VRML, etc
  • Advanced topics and much more

46
Lingo
  • HyperText Enables linking to places
  • Link(s)
  • Hyperlinks Hot spots on which a user can click
    to access other
  • topics (in the same document)
  • documents, (other HTML files, for e.g.),or
  • Web sites
  • URL Addresses on Internet to which hot spots
    connect

47
Lingo (contd.)
  • GIF, JPEG, XBM, XPM (picture formats)
  • Netscape, Mosaic, Iexplorer (browsers)
  • WebEdit, HoTMetaL, FrontPage (editors/tools)
  • FTP, TCP/IP, HTTP (protocols)
  • Applets, J, javac, Java Engine (Java
    programming)
  • xv, clipart, etc (graphics editors)

48
Why Design and for Who?
  • Personal Pages
  • Companies, Organizations
  • (schools, universities, research centers, etc)
  • News Networks
  • Journals
  • Events (conferences, international games, etc)
  • Internet/Intranet

49

What in this session?
  • WWW, HTML, and HTTP
  • HTML Document structure
  • Hyperlinks, Images, Multimedia
  • Tools for creating HTML
  • Beyond simple HTML (Advanced tags, dynamic HTML,
    VRML, etc..)
  • Other recent technologies (Push technology,
    e-commerce, search engines..)


50
A Brief overview of HTML?
  • HTML is a structured language
  • rules of nesting
  • All WWW documents are written in HTML
  • WWW
  • World Wide Web
  • Most popular Internet information service

51
Web Usage?
  • It was estimated that of the 28.8 million people
    over 16 in the US who have internet access, 11.5
    million use the web (1996).

52
World Wide Web
  • Client/Server Architecture
  • Designed to make it easy for people to share
    information
  • Hides complexities of location of documents
  • Easy to distribute information
  • Fun to look at

53
World Wide Web
  • Hyperlinks
  • Highlighted words or pictures
  • Item pointed to may be another document image,
    movie, sound clip etc

54
Example
Visit NYSE
city tours
NY CITY TOURS
NYSE sounds
view sights
Movie
sound audio
55
WWW Browsers
  • Interpret HTTP as well as other protocols
  • ftp, mailto, telnet, gopher, etc.
  • Display physical formatted HTML text
  • in-line images
  • hyperlinks

56
WWW Browsers
  • Helper Applications
  • Programs on the users computer that can be used
    to display images, movies, sound, etc. that
    cannot be displayed on the browser itself
  • Sound files
  • Movies (MPEG)
  • Mail
  • Other file formats

57
Some Recent Additions
  • Common Gateway Interface
  • ASP
  • Helper Programs and Plugins
  • JavaScript and VBScript
  • etc

58
Why Learn?
  • Why learn HTML or Web Authoring?
  • Everyone is a publisher
  • The architecture of the Internet allows almost
    anyone to become an information provider for a
    world wide audience
  • WWW documents must be in HTML
  • To create your own home page you need to know
    some HTML or Web authoring tool

59
Why learn HTML?
  • Not a must
  • Can use tools to create HTML (FrontPage98)
  • Conversion tools can be used to convert existing
    HTML documents
  • Example LaTeX2HTML
  • Word documents can be saved in HTML
  • FrameMaker documents too
  • It is very easy to learn and understand

60
Creating an HTML Page
  • Requirements
  • Text or HTML Editor to enter TAGS
  • Graphics editors
  • Browser (Netscape, Internet Explorer, Lynx,
    etc.)
  • Focus
  • Usable and Eye-catching documents
  • Images in Web pages
  • Animation

61
HTML Basics
  • HTML documents contain 3 things
  • Text TAGS
  • External Multimedia such as graphics, sound,
    movies, etc.
  • Authoring tools insert necessary tags

62
What are Tags?
  • Tags are needed to
  • Mark text as headings, paragraphs, for
    formatting, making list etc.
  • Also for creating hyperlinks, including images,
    making tables, fill-in forms, frames, etc
  • Examples ltPgt, ltAgt, ltBRgt, ltHRgt, ltFONTgt, ltBgt,
    ltTTgt, ltEMgt, ltULgt, ltIMGgt, etc.

63
HTML Document Structure
  • Basic Structure
  • ltHTMLgt
  • ltHEADgt
  • ltTITLEgt KFUPM lt/TITLEgtlt/HEADgt
  • ltBODYgt
  • .. ..
  • lt/BODYgt
  • lt/HTMLgt

64
Spinning your HTML Web
  • To create hot spots (or Anchors) you need two
    things
  • URLs (Uniform Resource Locator)
  • Links
  • Anchors and Links allow readers to jump from
    place to place in the document
  • URL is a fancy way of saying address or location
    for information on the Internet

65
URL Anatomy Types
  • Example
  • http//www.ccse.kfupm.edu.sa/sadiq/tut.html
  • protocol indicator,hostname,directory/filename
  • Types
  • Absolute URLs (also called complete URLs)
  • Relative URLs (are incomplete URLs)
  • Other Protocols (mailto, ftp, etc)
  • ftp//ftp/pub/images/backgrounds/glosbgr.gif
  • mailtosadiq_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.sa

66
Examples
  • http//www.ccse.kfupm.edu.sa/sadiq/tut.html
  • ltIMAGE SRC ftp//ftp/pub/images/backgrounds/glosb
    gr.gif ALIGN MIDDLEgt
  • ltA HREF
  • mailtosadiq_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.sagt
  • sadiq_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.salt/Agt

67
Building Anchors ltAgt
  • Components required
  • The Tag ltAgt anchor_name lt/Agt
  • HREF Indicates where to jump
  • NAME Identifies an internal label
  • HREF Lets users jump to either material on the
    same Web site or to other material on the
    Internet
  • NAME Lets users jump to material within the same
    document

68
Named Anchor Basic Links
  • ltA HREFsomethinggtanchor_name lt/Agt
  • something name
  • namefunny (for example)
  • something filename.htmlname
  • tutorial.html
  • something a Web site, for example
  • http//www/uqu.edu.sa/youssef/tutorial.html
  • ftp//www/ksu.edu.sa/ahmed/jokes.html
  • ltH2gtltA NAMEfunnygt Funnylt/Agtlt/H2gt

69
Using Images in Web Pages
  • Including
  • Aligning
  • Using them as links
  • Making images load more quickly
  • Using thumbnail images

70
Adding Images
  • Must include them as GIF or JPG graphics
  • Use graphic editors, scanners, or, borrow
  • Must use an Image Tag ltIMG SRC "..gt
  • ALT". . . " specifies text to be displayed if
    image not available
  • BORDER of pixels, controls the thickness of the
    border
  • Pictures can be aligned Left, Right, etc.

71
Example of Image Inclusion
  • ltHTMLgt
  • ltHEADgtltTITLEgt Biography lt/TITLEgtlt/HEADgt
  • ltBODYgt
  • ltH1gt Dr. Sadiq M. Saits Biography lt/H1gt
  • ltPgtltIMG SRC"sadiq.gif"
  • ALT"Picture of Sadiq Sait " ALIGNRIGHTgt
  • Picture of Sadiq M. Sait for his biography...lt/Pgt
  • lt/BODYgt
  • lt/HTMLgt

72
Some notes on Images
  • Loading of images is made faster by telling the
    browser the size of the image (specified in
    pixels)
  • You can link by using images
  • Can have pictures with no borders
  • You can use thumbnail images to link to larger
    images
  • Making clickable images (image maps)

73
Pictures as Links
  • ltPgt
  • ltA HREF"saitbio.html"gt
  • ltIMG SRC"sadiq.gif"
  • ALT"Picture of Sadiq Sait" ALIGNRIGHT
  • HSPACE20 HEIGHT100 WIDTH50
  • BORDER0gt
  • lt/Agt
  • Sadiq M. Sait was born in ......lt/Pgt

74
Using Thumbnails
  • ltPgt
  • ltA HREF"sadiqbig.gif"gt
  • ltIMG SRC"sadiqthumbnail.gif"
  • ALT"Picture of Sadiq Sait"gt
  • lt/Agt Thumbnail of Saits picture.

75
Defining the map
  • Tells which area readers may click and what link
    to follow
  • ltMAPgt
  • NAME gives the map a name
  • ltAREAgt specifies the shape of a hot spot
  • COORDSx1,y1,x2,y2,
  • HREFURL
  • SHAPE specifies type of shape as RECT, CIRC,
    POLYGON, etc.

76
Other Attributes
  • Choosing Colors
  • Background
  • Links (link, alink, vlink)
  • Text
  • Colors can be chosen for tables, background etc.
  • RGB concept (FFFFFFwhite)
  • Choosing background (using images, .gif files)

77
Beyond Simple HTML
  • Tables
  • Forms
  • Frames
  • Simple animation
  • Inclusion of Java Applets
  • JavaScript and CGI programs

78
Some More Tags
  • CENTER, BLINK, HR, APPLET
  • ltFORMgt
  • SELECT, OPTION, TEXTAREA
  • ltTABLEgt
  • TR, TH, TD, CAPTION
  • FRAME
  • FRAMESET
  • And many more.

79
Tables in HTML
  • Caption
  • Alignment and Width
  • Table Header ltTHgt
  • Table Data ltTDgt
  • Table Rows ltTRgt
  • Color (of cells)
  • Border or not (and width)

80
Tables (example)
  • ltTABLE BORDER10
  • ALIGNABSCENTER bgcolor68d1ccgt
  • ltCAPTIONgtltH3gt This is a table with a borderlt/H3gt
    lt/CAPTIONgt
  • ltTRgt ltTHgt ltTHgtMale ltTHgtFemale ltTRgt
    ltTHgtPop ltTDgt0.49ltTDgt0.51 ltTRgt ltTHgtWealth
    ltTDgt 0.9ltTDgt 0.1
  • lt/TABLEgt

81
Forms in HTML
  • What are they used for
  • Surveys
  • Collect addresses of visitors to your Homepage
  • Allow people to register for something
  • Features
  • Submitted by mail
  • Security (Passwords)
  • Checkboxes and Radio buttons
  • Area for Text and Comments
  • Require a CGI program on server to process data
    coming from the form submission

82
Frames
  • SRC URL of documents to be displayed
  • NAME so this frame can be targeted by links in
    other documents
  • Physical dimensions Height, width etc.
  • Other features Scrolling, Resizing, etc.
  • They are a complete HTML document or a page

83
Spicing up your Web Page
  • Some HTML commands and Tricks
  • BLINK tag, etc
  • Animation (GIF animation) and Sound
  • Using Java Applets
  • Scripting (JavaScript/VBScript)
  • Videostreaming

84
Java Applet inclusion
  • Compile the Java code (e.g., use javac)
  • example javac Blinker
  • Creates file with extension .class,
  • example Blinker.class
  • Use the tags ltAPPLETgt lt/APPLETgt
  • Specify parameters such as speed, color (for
    background and text, etc.)

85
Java Applet Inclusion (contd.)
  • ltapplet codeBlink.class width300 height30gt
  • ltparam namelbl value SADIQ M. SAIT,gt
  • ltparam namespeed value6gt
  • lt/appletgt

86
Java Applet Inclusion (contd.)
  • ltapplet codeticker.class width280 height30gt
  • ltparam namemsg value Welcome to the tutorial
    on Web page design and HTML! gt
  • ltparam nameshco value210, 210,210gt
  • ltparam namespeed value9gt
  • ltparam namebgco value255,255,255gt
  • ltparam nametxtco value255,0,0gt
  • lt/appletgt

87
Other Topics
  • cgi-bin (common gateway interface)
  • Executable Example
  • lt!--exec cgi/cgi-bin/counter--gt people
    visited this page.
  • Helper programs
  • to send mail
  • run audio/video applications
  • etc

88
Searching
  • On the internet we can
  • search for a file using Archie
  • Find an e-mail address
  • Internet White Pages (internic keeps records)
  • Finding a gopher site
  • etc
  • Search engines using the Web

89
Search Engines
  • Tools to discover Web resources on the internet
  • Help in locating information
  • They act as an agent between publishers and users

90
Other Recent Technologies
  • Authoring Tools
  • VRML, Dynamic HTML, ASPs, etc
  • Video Streaming
  • Push Technology
  • Data-Base Integration
  • Search Engines
  • E-Commerce

91
Finally.
  • Summary
  • Demo
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