Unit 2: Fabrication

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Unit 2 Fabrication

• Design and Fabrication 1202

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Purpose

• Introduction to the operation and environment of
  an industrial shop
• Learn how to operate power and hand tools through
  the fabrication of simple projects in the shop
  accompanied by supporting activities in the
  classroom.
• Hands on experience that is required to relate
  design to fabrication.
• First you will learn the shop safety rules and
  how to use common metrology tools.
• Then the safe operating practices for hand/power
  tools found in an industrial production shop, and
  develop an awareness of the related environmental
  impacts that should be considered.
• Finally, you will explore shop related careers.

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Topic 1 Safety (2hrs)

• Identify Hazards
• Safety Rules
• Steps to follow in a Shop Emergency
• Handout, Shop Emergency Plan
• Handout, Hazardous Condition Report Form
• MSDS

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Together

1. Identify safety footwear, safety glasses, full
   face shield, leather gloves, coveralls, ear
   plugs, and ear muffs.
2. Develop the General Shop Safety rules and post in
   a common area of the shop.

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URLS

• http//www.tru.ca/hsafety/workinglearningsafely/wo
  rk/machineshop.html
• http//archive.safety-council.org/info/OSH/shop.ht
  ml
• http//www.worksafesask.ca/files/ont_tsao/shop2.ht
  ml
• http//mielsvr1.ecs.umass.edu/mie213/Generalshopsa
  fetyrules.pdf

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• When working with chemicals you need to know
• What they are made of
• What harmful effects they can have
• How to handle them
• How to dispose of them
• First-Aid treatment if exposed or eaten
• All this information is found on a MSDS sheet.

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More info

• http//www.ilpi.com/MSDS/ref/whmis.html
• http//msds.ehs.cornell.edu/msdssrch.asp

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Activity

• Perform a tour of the shop
• Create a MAP of the room
• Locate the FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
• Locate the EMERGENCY SHUT OFF BUTTONS
• Locate the EYE WASH STATION
• Locate the FIRE EXIT (White Triangle)
• Spot the HAZARDS and fill out the Hazard Report
  Form

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Quiz

• General Shop Safety Quiz

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Topic 2 Shop Practices

• Metrology
• the scientific study of measurement
• Units
• Metric (mm, cm, m, km)
• Imperial/US standard (Inch, Foot, Yard, Mile)

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Activity

• Using a measuring tape complete the following
• You will be assigned a piece of the birdhouse
• Measure your part in imperial/us standard on a
  piece of plywood. (if there is not enough
  draw/measure the piece in your notes)
• Marks are based on accuracy!

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Topic 3 Environmental Protection

• Garbage and the Environment
• Throwing out garbage has become a larger
  environmental problem provincially, nationally,
  and internationally.
• Many landfill sites in Newfoundland and Labrador
  are no longer big enough to handle the expected
  volumes of future waste.
• Incinerators are no longer an option because they
  create toxic fumes when they burn waste products.
  
• It is more important than ever to recycle paper,
  cardboard, beverage containers and other products
  such as tires.

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Purpose of this Lesson

• Is to focus on the garbage/waste created by the
  processes of Design and Fabrication.
• Is to highlight societys growing concern with
  the environment and with limiting waste and
  garbage creation.
• Is to discuss the moral and ethical implications
  of waste on future generations.

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Waste Creation

• When a product is created it uses resources,
  energy, and generates waste.
• Lumber production
• Logging roads are needed
• Trees are cut
• Large equipment is required for collection,
  processing (milling), and transporting
• Timber is sorted and sent to stores (fork lifts)
• Timber is purchased and brought home in trucks
• Timber is shaped into something (ie. shelf) using
  tools, energy, and generating waste

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continued

• Mining
• digs into the Earth removing minerals and
  creating holes, fissures, and creators.
• pollute lakes and ponds and are filled with toxic
  tailings (waste generated by removing ore).
• Energy
• Hydro power requires large dams to move massive
  turbines.
• methane is produced from the decomposition of
  plants in the flood areas
• fish injury and impact on downstream water
  quality
• dams remove water needed for healthy in-stream
  ecosystems thereby disrupting the natural river
  flows

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What is the problem?

• Designers, or fabricators, have to take
  responsibility for the waste they help to
  produce.
• They need to use recycled materials, reduce part
  counts, and encourage others to do the same.
• If not, then we will run the risk of stripping
  the Earth of its resources, polluting its fresh
  water, and making the planet inhospitable.

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What can we do?

• There is concern that Canada landfills are
  reaching capacity and it is becoming increasingly
  difficult to find sites for new ones.
• Landfills also produce approximately 25 of
  Canada methane emissions (methane is a powerful
  greenhouse gas).
• Recycling can help reduce the amount of waste
  entering landfills and help conserve natural
  resources.

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Waste and Recycling in Canada

• Access to recycling programs has improved since
  the mid-1990s and Canadian households are
  recycling larger quantities than ever before.
• Income and education have little impact on
  recycling behavior
• households with access to recycling programs
  tend to use them equally.
• In 2004, Canadian households produced 13.4
  million tones of waste. Nearly three-quarters
  (73) of this waste was sent for disposal.

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Continued

• Residential waste production increased by 2.1
  million tones (19) between 2000 and 2004.
• While some of the increase was due to a rise in
  population, most was a result of increases in the
  amount of waste generated per person.
• Canadians produced 366 kg per person of
  residential waste in 2000 by 2004, this figure
  had increased to 418 kg per person.

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continued

• Compare, residential waste production by our
  neighbors in the United States was 440 kg per
  person in 2001.
• Recycling is becoming a more popular method of
  dealing with trash.
• Two-thirds of the increase in waste generation
  between 2000 and 2004 was offset by increased
  recycling, while the other third was disposed of
  in landfills and incinerators.
• Households across the country sent nearly 3.6
  million tones of materials for recycling in 2004,
  an increase of 65 compared to 2000

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Newfoundland and Labrador

• only 35 of households have access to paper
  recycling
• 61 have access to metal recycling
• 72 - 75 have access to plastic and glass
  recycling.

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Activity Moral / Ethical Responsibilities

• Discuss the moral and legal obligations to future
  generations regarding our disposal of waste.

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