Nuclear%20Fission%20and%20Fusion - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Nuclear%20Fission%20and%20Fusion

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7.2. Nuclear Fission and Fusion. Nuclear Fission. Why are some elements radioactive? ... Fusion reactors (produce less dangerous radioactive isotopes) energy ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Nuclear%20Fission%20and%20Fusion


1
7.2
  • Nuclear Fission and Fusion

2
Nuclear Fission
Why are some elements radioactive?
There is an optimal ratio of neutrons to
protons 1 1 for smaller atoms 1.5 1 for
larger atoms excessive number of neutrons ?
nucleus becomes unstable ? decays to a more
stable state with the release of energy
3
Nuclear Fission
Lise Meitner (1878-1968)
Otto Hahn (1879-1968)
4
(No Transcript)
5
Nuclear Fission
6
(No Transcript)
7
Chain Reaction
8
Chain Reaction
Requires a minimum amount of fissionable
material ? critical mass
9
Chain Reaction
Generation of a critical mass forms the basis of
fission bombs
10
Mass Defect
Albert Einstein (1879-1955)
Mass cannot be created or destroyed Energy
cannot be created or destroyed But mass can be
converted into energy and energy can be converted
into mass E m c 2
speed of light
11
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Fusion powers the sun
g
4

energy
Fusion of hydrogen to form helium releases more
energy than fission of uranium Hydrogen-,
thermonuclear- or fusion bomb Fusion reactors
(produce less dangerous radioactive isotopes)
12
(No Transcript)
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