A Context Framework for Ambient Intelligence

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A Context Framework for Ambient Intelligence
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Motivation
interoperable
User Context
Machine processable
Security privacy
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Ambient Intelligence

• Ubiquitous computing
• Ubiquitous communication
• Intelligent User Friendly Interfaces
• Better integration of technology into our
  environment, so that people can freely and
  interactively use it
• Seamless (and secure) delivery of services and
  applications

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Characteristics of AmI

• Awareness
• ability of the system to locate and recognize
  objects and people, their locations, and their
  needs
• Intelligence
• allows the system to analyze the context, adapt
  to people that live in it, learn from their
  behavior, and eventually to recognize as well as
  show emotion
• Adaptable
• learn about the environment and the people within
  it in order to optimize their own behavior

User Context
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User Context

• Any information that can be used to characterize
  the user and her situation
• Coming from sensors
• Temporal and spatial location
• Environmental attributes
• Resources nearby
• Physiological measurements
• User preferences and profile
• Schedule, agenda
• Social context

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An Example Scenario (from ISTAG)

• Maria lands to an airport in a Far Eastern
  Country
• The immigration officer replaced by a device
• Through its sensors, detects identities, performs
  visa and passport control (using Marias P-Com)
• A rented car waiting for her at the exit
• Her Hotel has been reserved by her personal
  software agent

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Issues to be considered

• Privacy
• Access should be limited to authorized entities
• The user should be able to state how much
  information to disclose and to whom
• Immigration device
• Location, visa, passport information
• Role or personal identity based privacy mechanisms

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Issues to be considered

• The context servers needs to recognize the device
  type
• It should be possible to exploit context to
  discover and compose Web Services

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Ubiquitous Computing
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Ubiquitous Computing
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Ubiquitous Computing
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Simple examples

• Automatic Outdoor Lantern
• - If somebody comes close and it is dark light
  switches on
• Two sensors Light and PIR to acquire context
• Simple electronic circuit detects the situation
  of interest
• Anticipation person wants light when moving
  towards place

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Examples Continued

• The user drives into driveway with her car
• The car communicates with garage (Challenge
  response authentication Protocol)
• If car has permission door opens

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Examples Continued

• Heating/air condition control system of office
  has access diaries of people working
• Office rooms not heated/cooled when people work
  offsite or are away
• Meeting rooms are heated/cooled in advance of
  scheduled meetings

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Tough example

• Reading light TVWhen user sitting reading a
  book reading light should be on
• When he shifts attention towards TV, TV should be
  switched on
• When user takes again a book or news paper and
  goes back to reading TV should be switched off
  and reading light on

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Confusion

• The user watches TV and turns to TV-guide
  magazine.
• How should the system react?
• How transitions are made and how long situations
  have to last before they are taken into account?
• Important to build user interface where behavior
  of system understandable and predictable by user
  even if details hidden

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Examples
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Biometrics
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Biometrics for Ambient intelligence
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An example scenario
Understands she doesnt have a valid visa
Checks her Calendar
Checks her Profile
Queries for the visa service of the Country
Finds the service and its WSDL link
Starts arranging her trip
invokes
Retrieves WSDL desc.
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An example scenario
Prefers air transfer, collects mileage from THY
Queries for the THY reservation service
Finds the service and its WSDL link
Checks her Preferences
Checks her Profile
consults
invokes
Retrieves WSDL desc.
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