Herbicide%20Control%20of%20Lygodium%20microphyllum

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Herbicide Control ofLygodium microphyllum
EISS 2007

• Jeff Hutchinson and Dr. Ken Langeland
• University of Florida, Department of Agronomy
• Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants

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(No Transcript)
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Recommended Herbicides
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Site Dependent

• Wet (water present)1) Glyphosate2) Triclopyr

• Dry (no water present)1) Metsulfuron methyl2)
  Imazapic

NOTES 1) Refer to label prior to herbicide
application 2) Use 0.5 non-ionic surfactant
(v/v) with all herbicides and mixtures
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RATES RATES RATES
Ground Aerial
High Volume Low Volume
Glyphosate 1-3 product 3.75-7.5 pt / 20 gal
Triclopyr 1-2 product N/A
Imazapic 0.75-1.5 product N/A
Metsulfuron 2 oz / 100 gal 2 oz / 20 gal
Mixing Metsulfuron Methyl
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Tank Mixes

• Combinations of1) Glyphosate2) Metsulfuron
  methyl3) Triclopyr 4) Imazapic

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Tank Mixes

• For heavy infestations, tank mixes should not
  exceed 4 total products.
• For light to medium infestations, tank mixes
  should not exceed 2 total products.
• Need to take into account ca. density of native
  plants at treatment site.

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Rotation and Tank Mixes of Herbicides

• ? Resistance prevention

Metsulfuron Imazapic Imazapyr Imazamox
Triclopyr
Glyphosate
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Non-Target Damage

• Expect non-target damage- Depends on Lygodium
  density
• Native ferns
• Rare plants

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Initial Treatment
Follow-up Treatments
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Cut or not cut?

• Poodle-cut / Spray

• No poodle-cut / Spray

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Monitoring / Re-treatment

1. Re-growth occurs quickly following treatment
2. Treated sites need to be re-visited every 6
   months (minimum)
3. Treat all re-growth

Important
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Average Treatment Cost / Ha
Cut and Spray (Rodeo)
Ground Treatments (ca. 1600) or 630/acre
100
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
200
Aerial Treatments(ca. 185) or 73/acre
Aerial (Escort)
Aerial (Rodeo)
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Research
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14C Herbicide Translocation Results






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Metsulfuron methyl Triclopyr
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Greenhouse Herbicide ScreeningDry Weight Biomass
(post-treatment)
Herbicide Dry Weight (g)
Glyphosate 0.13
Metsulfuron methyl 0.61
Imazapyr 4.07
Imazapic 3.58
Quinclorac 8.01
Penoxsulam 7.71
Imazamox 10.37
Triclopyr 0.00
Control 9.68
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Dry Weight Biomass
Herbicide Rate (kg a.e.) Dry Weight (g)
Imazamox 0.06 2.27
Imazamox 0.12 0.35
Imazamox 0.24 0.03
Imazamox 0.48 0.01
Fluroxypyr 5.25 6.34
Fluroxypyr 10.5 8.63
Fluroxypyr 21.0 3.51
Fluroxypyr 42.0 1.00
Aminopyralid 0.015 2.09
Aminopyralid 0.03 5.35
Aminopyralid 0.06 0.48
Aminopyralid 0.12 3.84
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Field Trial Results (6 months)
Herbicide Change L. microphyllum Change Native Plants Change Species Richness
Glyphosate 2 - 84.1 - 56.9 2.8
Metsulfuron 2 oz - 74.6 - 31.6 2.5
Triclopyr 2 - 91.5 - 31.4 - 5.1
Imazapic 1.5 - 82.8 - 71.5 - 48.5
Metsulfuron Glyphosate - 89.1 - 53.8 - 27.3
Metsulfuron Triclopyr - 91.5 - 43.6 - 24.3
Glyphosate Imazapic - 92.4 - 55.3 - 30.1
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Aerial Application - Loxahatchee NWRLygodium
microphyllum
Pre-treatment Pre-treatment 1 Year Post Trt 1 Year Post Trt
Treatment Mean S.E. Mean S.E. Change
Escort 2 oz 67.33 4.40 0.38 0.14 - 99.44
Escort 4 oz 59.46 2.62 1.47 0.48 - 97.53
Rodeo 3.75 pt. 66.50 3.64 7.00 1.62 - 89.47
Rodeo 7.50 pt. 69.72 2.35 8.07 1.31 - 88.43
Control 46.01 5.14 56.97 4.79 23.82
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Swamp fern Cinnamon fern Virginia chain fern Royal fern Wild grape Green brier
Escort (2 oz) Pre 22.4 1.1 0.4 0.8 8.6 10.4
Escort (2 oz) 1 Yr 1.5 0.1 lt0.1 0.0 21.2 0.9
Escort (2 oz) Change -93.5 -90.2 -94.8 -100.0 147.4 -91.7
Escort (4 oz) Pre 26.3 0.7 0.5 1.3 9.3 14.4
Escort (4 oz) 1 Yr 3.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 23.0 0.5
Escort (4 oz) Change -88.4 -45.1 -44.3 -77.3 148.5 -96.5
Glyphos (3.75 pt) Pre 32.7 0.8 0.2 1.8 11.1 19.0
Glyphos (3.75 pt) 1 Yr 6.3 2.9 2.4 0.4 12.8 0.5
Glyphos (3.75 pt) Change -80.6 280.5 1523.3 -78.2 15.0 -97.6
Glyphos (7.5 pt) Pre 25.8 1.1 0.8 1.8 10.8 14.1
Glyphos (7.5 pt) 1 Yr 2.3 4.3 2.4 0.4 22.1 0.3
Glyphos (7.5 pt) Change -90.9 291.9 183.0 -80.7 105.8 -98.2
Control Pre 33.3 1.3 1.8 0.4 7.2 12.0
Control 1 Yr 38.3 9.5 0.2 0.9 2.6 4.9
Control Change 15.0 635.7 -88.1 112.6 -63.8 -56.5
Ground Cover
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Shrubs / Trees
Survival Survival Survival Survival
Swamp bay Dahoon holly Wax myrtle Myrsine
Metsulfuron (2 oz) 80.8 82.4 71.2 6.7
Metsulfuron (4 oz) 89.7 79.1 80.5 0.0
Glyphosate 3.75 pt 54.0 85.4 32.0 100.0
Glyphosate 7.5 pt 24.5 52.2 20.8 66.7
Control 100.0 100.0 70.4 100.0
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Conclusions

• Herbicides (glyphosate, metsulfuron methyl,
  triclopyr, and imazapic) are effective
• Tank mixes of these herbicides are acceptable,
  but lower rates should be used in areas of lower
  infestations
• Non-target damage will be unavoidable
• Regardless of the herbicide or herbicides used,
  re-treatment will likely be required

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Questions