How were patterns of human settlement influenced by physical characteristics

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How were patterns of human settlement influenced
by physical characteristics
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Why did it take so long for KY to be settled?

• Geography (physical features of the land)
• Indians
• English had plenty of land but as more people
  came to American, land became scarce
• The scarcity of land caused some to view KY as a
  place where they could find land
• KY was the first area to be settle outside the
  thirteen English colonies
• First step westward

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Why Kentucky?

• Kentucky had magical appeal
• Early explorers called KY a new found Paradise
  Garden of the West
• Animals everywhere huge herds of buffalo
• One person said that a ten-mile square of forest
  would contain from 1-3 wolves, 2-3 panthers, 2
  elks, 5 bears, 30 foxes, 200 turkeys, 400 deer
  and buffalo and 10,000 squirrels
• Birds of all kinds where everywhere
• a richer and more beautiful county than this, I
  believe has never been seen in America yet the
  richest land in the world
• Promise of land and a fresh start

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Appalachian Mountains

• Traveling through the Cumberland Gap
• Mountains form a barrier between the area farther
  eat and Kentucky
• Early explores called these mountains Endless
  Mountains
• Very difficult to cross
• Terrain very rough
• No paths had to follow buffalo trails these
  trails eventually became roads but were still
  very rough and narrow

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Cumberland Gap

• Travel by walking
• Several hundred miles at least four long weeks
  of walking
• People took few things
• Accidents do happen
• Accident from the terrain
• Attacks from Indians
• Settlers often never saw family that was left
  behind
• Some came by horse

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Through the Gap

• First white people to explore KY long hunters
• Came across the mountains in small groups
• Hunted and explored for months or even years
• Why here? sell animal furs and hides for a lot
  of money very adventurous did not want to stay
  in one place strong and brave survive in worse
  conditions
• Long Hunters new the land or wouldnt survive
• Look at sky and tell weather
• Tell time at night by location of stars
• Tell north by looking at plants
• Knew how to use, repair, and make fifles
• Made horseshoes

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Food, Clothes, Shelter

• Dried meat for almost every meal
• Deer, buffalo, rabbit or fish YUCK
• Clothing moccasins, leggings, a loincloth, and
  shirt
• Did not wear pants
• Used poles and bark to build three-sided huts

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Waterways

• One of KYs most important natural resource
• Native Americans traveled rivers and creeks using
  canoes.
• Pioneers traveled on rivers in flatboats and
  keelboats

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Waterways

• KY has more waterways than any other state
  except Alaska
• Water allowed settlers to find food and provide a
  need for survival
• Level land to farm
• Faster travel
• Allowed for trade among the settlements

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Waterways

• Major rivers Cumberland, Tennessee, Mississippi,
  Kentucky, Green, Licking, and much more
• Early ways to travel and take farm goods to
  market
• Provided water for people, crops, and animals
• Towns and cities grew up near them

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Ohio River

• Most people got off at Maysville or Louisville or
  went up Kentucky River to central Kentucky
• Of course you could take more items in a boat
• Crafts that are 40 feet long
• River travel got them here faster in just 1-2
  weeks
• Very expensive
• DANGEROUS river took you closer to the Indian
  towns north of the river

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Natural Resources

• Coal is KYs main natural resource
• Found in the Eastern Mountains and Coal Fields
  and Western Coal Fields
• Top four coal-producing counties Pke, Harlan,
  Martin and Perry Counties
• USED to run power plants which produce
  electricity
• Sold to other countries

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Natural Resources

• Stone and Clay and Limestone
• Crushed stone, sand and gravel are produced
  throughout the state
• USED for building and for many other purposes
• Clay plants produce brick and tiles made from
  clay.

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Settlement

• 1st central KY
• 2nd northern KY
• 3rd south central KY
• 4th western KY

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Waterways besides the Ohio River

• Mississippi River on the western border of the
  state
• Big Sandy River and Tug Fork River on the
  eastern border of the state
• Kentucky River into the heart of central KY

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Climate

• KY has a moderate or temperate climate
• Four distinct seasons
• Does not usually have the extreme cold and deep
  snows of northern states nor high heat of states
  in Deep South
• Temperatures seldom below zero or above 100
• Northern KY tend to be about 5degrees cooler
  than western KY
• South-central KY may get 10 more inches of rain
  per year than the north

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