Earth observation data for everyone: the CBERS experience

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Earth observation data for everyone the CBERS
experience

• Gilberto Câmara
• Director, National Institute for Space Research

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The need for global land observation

• The world is changing rapidly
• Climate Change is here to stay
• Global land observation is a crucial need for the
  world, but its future is uncertain
• MODIS is very useful,but has no future
• What will happen to LANDSAT?
• Global land observation systems are a public good

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Altamira (Pará) LANDSAT Image 22 August 2003
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Altamira (Pará) MODIS Image 07 May 2004
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Imagem Modis de 2004-05-21, com excesso de nuvens

Altamira (Pará) MODIS Image 21 May 2004
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Altamira (Pará) MODIS Image 07 June 2004
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Altamira (Pará) MODIS Image 22 June 2004
6.000 hectares deforested in one month!
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Altamira (Pará) LANDSAT Image 07 July 2004
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Go to the field....
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...and get the bad guys!
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Land Remote Sensing 20 to 50 meter resolution
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Land Remote Sensing 50 300 m resolution
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The 300 million dollar question

• How do we obtain support for funding Earth
  Observation Missions?
• Our answer Make all sectors of society use
  publically funded EO data...
• ...by providing EO data for free!

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Uncle Scrooge and the Internet

• Uncle Scrooge
• A penny saved is a penny earned
• The anti-Uncle Scrooge principle
• A pixel saved is a penny wasted
• Why is that so?

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The Internet paradox

• The Internet has reduced the cost of data
  distribution to very close to zero
• Society responds very quickly to open
  availability of free data and good on the Web

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Brazilian and Chinese Strategy for CBERS

• CBERS images received in Brasil are freely
  available on the Internet for Brazilian and Latin
  American users
• CBERS images received in China are freely
  available on the Internet for Chinese users
• A high-quality image processing software (SPRING)
  is also available free on the Internet in Brazil

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CBERS China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite

• Brief History
• Initial agreement signed in July 6th, 1988,
  covering CBERS-1 and 2.
• In 2002, both governments decided to expand the
  initial agreement by including CBERS-3 and 4.
• Program objectives
• Build a family of remote sensing satellites to
  support the needs of users in earth resources
  applications
• Improve the industrial capabilities of space
  technology in Brazil and China

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CBERS Program Timeline
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CBERS-2
CBERS-2 Launch (21 October 2003)
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CBERS 1,2 Sensor Configuration
WFI 260 m (890 km)
MSS 80 m (120 km)
CCD 20 m (120 km)
0.4
2.5
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.5
1.5
1.7
2.3
mm
Built by China
Built by Brazil
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CBERS-2B Sensor Configuration
WFI 260 m (890 km)
CCD 20 m (120 km)
PAN 2.5 m (27 km)
0.4
2.5
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.5
1.5
1.7
2.3
mm
Built by China
Built by Brazil
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CBERS-2 CCD, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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CBERS-2 CCD Sobradinho Dam, Brazil Dez 2003
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• CBERS-2 image from Louisiana, EUA
• Obtained from on-board data recorder

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CBERS 3 4 Sensor Configuration
WFI 73 m (860 km)
MSS 40 m (120 km)
CCD 20 m (120 km)
MUX 10 m (60 km)
PAN 5 m (60 km)
2.1
0.4
2.3
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.5
1.5
1.7
Built by China
Built by Brazil
mm
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CBERS 3/4 x LANDSAT-8
TM 30 m (180 km)
PAN 15 m (180 km)
WFI 73 m (860 km)
MSS 40 m (120 km)
CCD 20 m (120 km)
MUX 10 m (60 km)
PAN 5 m (60 km)
2.1
0.4
2.3
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.5
1.5
1.7
mm
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Work Share for CBERS 3-4(50 China, 50 Brazil)

• Service Module
• Structure Brazil
• Thermal Control China
• Attitude and Orbit Control China
• Power supply Brazil
• On-board computer China
• Telemetry Brazil
• Payload Module
• CCD Camera 5/10 m China
• CCD Camera 20 m Brazil
• IRMSS 40m China
• AWFI 70m Brazil
• Data Transmission China
• Data collection Brazil

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CBERS Image Distribution in Brazil (1st May 2004
to 1st May 2006)
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Time to respond an image request
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FTP area for User
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User Distribution()
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Private Farm Management
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Tax Enforcement in Agriculture
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Oil Spill Monitoring (Large Swath Data)
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Propaganda and Marketing
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What do we get from free data?

• With zero cost data access, technology
  dissemination has a much greater impact.
• CBERS brought the freedom to have data
  immediately available when you need it.
• Free EO data and free EO technology create new
  users and new applications
• Increases the need for other types of EO data

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What do the private companies say about free
CBERS data?

• Enables new business development
• Facilitates trial uses for new clients
• Planning new applications becomes easier
• Creates jobs by reducing cost of data buys
• Increases work quality by adding data previously
  unavailable

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What have we learned?

• There is an enormous demand for remote sensing
  data in developing countries
• Free on-line data access can significantly
  increase the number of users of earth observation
  data
• The CBERS data policy has been extremely
  well-received by government and society in Brazil

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• One world, one dream...

Free Earth Observation data for all!
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One world, one dream...

• A consortium of Earth Observation satellites for
  global land observation (5m)
• A network of cooperating ground stations
• EO data free on the Internet, with global weekly
  coverage

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Cooperative Ground Station Network
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Key questions (Donna Coutts and Achache)

• How do we develop services from Earth Observation
  data?
• How does the system change when everyone has
  ready access to space-based Earth observation?

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Key questions (Donna Coutts and Achache)

• How do we develop services from Earth Observation
  data?
• How does the system change when everyone has
  ready access to space-based Earth observation?
• Create a market for services and high-resolution
  data by providing EO data at a massive scale!

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thank you ! ??!