PHOENICS User Conference 2004

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PHOENICS User Conference 2004
Using CFD for Sports Arena and Stadia
Design Eric Jal Connell Wagner, Melbourne,
Australia 3-5 May 2004 - Melbourne, Australia

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Introduction

• Occupancy issues in sports stadia and leisure
  complexes becoming paramount
• Increasingly common to use CFD in the design
  process to assess-
• natural ventilation (comfort)
• mechanical ventilation
• pitch ventilation
• exhaust discharge
• fire safety

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Project Case Studies

• PHOENICS CFD code has been used
• TECPLOT used for results visualisation
• Several case studies will be presented-
• Telstra Dome - Melbourne, Australia
• Lang Park - Brisbane, Australia
• MCG - Melbourne, Australia
• Wembley Stadium - London, UK
• MSAC Extension - Melbourne, Australia
• Oasis Arena - Sydney, Australia
• Casey Aquatic Centre - Melbourne, Australia

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Case Study - Telstra Dome

• Telstra Dome - Melbourne, Australia

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Telstra Dome - Background

• Located within the Melbourne Docklands urban
  re-development precinct
• Designed and built within 2½ years
• Used for AFL/soccer/rugby cricket
  and concert events
• Seating capacity of 52,000 including
  a movable lower stand tier
  of 12,500 seats
• A 167m by 132m retractable pitch roof (can open
  close in under 10 minutes)

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Telstra Dome - Design Scope

• When roof is closed it becomes a fully enclosed
  all weather indoor facility
• Occupancy comfort and life
  safety needs consideration
• Other similar stadia normally include
  mechanical ventilation
• Concerns about large capital costs and ongoing
  energy consumption led to a design study for
  justifying an effective passive (natural)
  ventilation solution

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Telstra Dome - Design Analysis
Natural Ventilation Full Stadium - No Wind
(35oC Day) - Roof Closed
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Telstra Dome - Design Analysis
Fire Safety 15MW Pitch Fire - Roof Closed
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Telstra Dome - Analysis Summary

• Location spacing of roof vents optimised
• Architectural design of roof vents and facade
  openings promote air movement which enhances
  occupant comfort for a wide range of
  environmental conditions
• Temperature rises around bowl arena not deemed
  excessive (within 5oC) assuming the patrons are
  suitably attired consistent for a naturally
  ventilated facility
• Life safety tenability criterion also satisfied

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Case Study - Lang Park

• Lang Park Stadium - Brisbane, Australia

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Lang Park - Design Scope

• Recently redeveloped for increased seating
  capacity
• Designed to be capable in the future of
  incorporating a retractable pitch roof
• CFD modelling was conducted to determine natural
  ventilation openings necessary to provide
  spectator comfort
• Scenarios simulated for different environmental
  conditions for both an open stadium and with a
  pitch roof

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Lang Park - Design Analysis
Natural Ventilation Full Stadium - No Wind
(32oC Day) - No Roof
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Case Study - Wembley Stadium

• Wembley Stadium - London, UK

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Wembley Stadium - Design Scope

• Currently in the process of being upgraded and
  redeveloped
• Engaged in fire engineering design review
  to address issues associated with the
  Building Regulation compliance
• CFD modelling was conducted for fire scenarios
  within the concourse atrium
• Scenarios also performed for assessing mechanical
  smoke extraction system requirements within
  service ring road

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Wembley Stadium - Design Analysis
Fire Safety 3MW Concourse Atrium Fire
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Wembley Stadium - Design Analysis
Fire Safety 20MW Underground Service Ring
Road Fire
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Case Study - MSAC Extension

• MSAC Extension - Melbourne, Australia

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MSAC Extension - Design Scope

• Venue is to be upgraded in readiness for 2006
  Commonwealth Games
• Outdoor pool arena is being proposed with
  lightweight roof and open sides
• For energy impost and sustainable
  development considerations natural
  ventilation is postulated
• CFD modelling undertaken in order to demonstrate
  the viability of design

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MSAC Extension - Design Analysis
Natural Ventilation No Wind (15oC Day)
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Case Study - Casey Aquatic Centre

• Casey Aquatic Centre - Melbourne, Australia

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Casey Aquatic Centre - Design Scope

• Ventilation within an indoor pool needs to ensure
  sufficient fresh air requirements
• Necessary for removal of water vapour (RH
  control) and chemical vapours
• Different mechanical
  ventilation systems
  configurations were
  analysed with CFD
• Establish air movement distribution and show
  undesirable stagnant flow regions

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Casey Aquatic - Design Analysis
Mechanical Ventilation Push-Pull System
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Case Study - Oasis Arena

• Oasis Arena - Sydney, Australia

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Oasis Arena - Design Scope

• Performance based approach used to satisfy BCA
  fire design requirements
• CFD modelling was conducted to ensure indefinite
  tenability conditions are maintained within
  concourse/vomitories
• Provide assistance in optimising the smoke
  extraction system in terms of size and capacity
• Consequently gives indication of expected capital
  cost outlay of mechanical systems

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Oasis Arena - Design Analysis
Fire Safety Analysis 10MW Stage Fire
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Case Study - MCG Redevelopment

• MCG Redevelopment - Melbourne, Australia

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MCG Redevelopment - Design Scope

• Northern side of stadium currently being
  redeveloped for utilisation at the 2006
  Commonwealth Games
• Several CFD modelling studies done for-
• Ventilation (thermal comfort)
• Plant room exhaust dispersion
• Pitch ventilation
• Fire life safety
• Onus of design process to maximise ESD
  initiatives and optimise resource efficiency

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MCG Redevelopment - Design Analysis
Plant Room Exhaust 4m/s Northerly Wind
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MCG Redevelopment - Design Analysis
Pitch Ventilation 4m/s Northerly Wind
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Conclusions

• Project case studies have shown the use of CFD as
  an important part of the engineering design
  process of sports stadia/arenas
• Issues relating to ventilation, occupancy comfort
  and life safety can be addressed
• Facilitates sustainable design technology
  solutions by avoiding/limiting mechanical
  ventilation energy usage as far as possible
• Can be promoted as worlds best practice and
  used as a benchmark for stadia design

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Presentation End
Thank you!
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