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Title: Photo History Journal


1
Photo History Journal
  • A Century in Photographs

2
Jessie DietzPhoto I Period 3
3
1900-1909
  • Key
  • Photographic history
  • General History
  • Family History
  • My Work

4
Brownian Camera - 1900
  • Before the introduction of the Brownie Camera in
    1900, photography had been a professional sort of
    hobby. The brownie camera was the first camera
    that everyone could buy. Kodak produced it in
    1900. After the brownie camera was introduced
    photography was available to the general public.
    Also, because of the introduction of this camera
    that could be used by the public some of the
    chemical processes necessary for developing
    pictures could be forgotten. This meant that the
    artistic aspect of photography was brought into
    focus.
  • http//www.smithsonianlegacies.si.edu/objectdescri
    ption.cfm?ID250

5
Jacob Riis - What the Boys Learn on Their Street
Playground c. 1902
  • Jacob Riis took this photograph in 1902. Riis
    was Americas first photojournalist, and was
    famous for his work with the urban poor. He was
    among the first photographers in America to use
    their photos as a political statement. Riis was a
    self-taught photographer who took pictures not
    for the purpose of art but simply to show the
    America the horrors of sweatshops, child labor,
    and overcrowding in the cities.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/R/riis/riis_
street_playground.html
6
Wright Brothers First Airplane Flight 1903
  • The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, started
    off building gliders that flew simply with the
    power of wind in 1900, and then moved onto to
    airplanes with engines in 1903. After building
    their first gliders they moved to Kitty Hawk, a
    remote desert with constant winds in North
    Carolina. In 1903 they began to build the first
    propeller-engine to attach to the glider. On
    December 17, 1903, Orville Wright flew the first
    successful engine-powered airplane for 12 seconds
    and covered 120 feet. This invention marked the
    beginning of an entirely new era of warfare,
    transportation, and fulfilled one of mankinds
    longest lasting dreams to fly.

http//www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/wright/airplane www
.libraries.wright.edu/ special/
7
Military Leaders from the Russo-Japanese War1904
  • In 1904 the Russo-Japanese war began. The war
    began because of territorial conflicts between
    the two countries. Russia believed that it would
    achieve a quick victory because of it massive
    army and pure force. Japan, however, won the war
    with a few surprising victories. Russias
    humiliating loss exposed the corruption within
    the Russian government. This lead to the
    beginning of a series of revolts in Russia
    against the czar and government. These revolts
    marked the beginning of a century-long struggle
    within Russia to achieve political independence,
    eventually creating the communist government
    within Russia that fought against the U.S. in the
    Cold War.

http//infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0842745.html h
ttp//www.mannerheim.fi/05_s_ura/e_venjap.htm
8
1910-1919
9
Lewis HinePoor Home, New York City Tenement -
1910
  • Lewis Hine used his photographs of industrial
    workers to gain reforms and improvements of
    workers rights. Although he wasnt the first one
    to use his photographs as a social device, his
    may have been some of the most effective. His
    pictures of child labor, especially, were able to
    generate new laws against child labor. He worked
    as a free-lance photographer in the National
    Child Labor Committee, using his photos to
    generate legislative action against child labor.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/H/hine/hine_
articles1.html http//www.masters-of-photography.c
om/H/hine/hine_tenement.html
10
Sinking of the Titanic1912
  • On March 11, 1911 the Titanic set sail from
    Southampton, England to New York. The Titanic had
    been called the unsinkable ship and therefore
    was very under stocked of lifeboats. On April 14,
    1912 at 1140 at night it struck an iceberg,
    causing a huge rip in the side of the ship and
    allowing water to pour in. Because there were so
    few lifeboats, 1,523 people died. This tragedy
    showed the world that safety measures were
    necessary even on the most unsinkable ships and
    has inspired many films and movies.

http//www.geocities.com/Broadway/Balcony/8682/tit
anichistory.html
11
Alvin Langdon CoburnEzra Pound - 1917
  • Alvin Coburn was one of the earliest abstract
    photographers. He took abstract photographs of
    both natural scenes and portraits. He created
    one-dimensional views of skyscrapers that
    provided an abstract view new to the art of
    photography. In 1917 he began using the technique
    that produced photographs called Vortographs.
    These were created by using a kaleidoscope like
    mirror attachment on the lens of the camera.
    These photographs, like the one pictured above,
    were the first purely abstract photographs ever
    created. He mainly created Vortographs using
    portraits. Alvin Coburns breakthroughs in
    abstract photography helped to pave the way for
    future abstract photographers and to open up an
    entirely new side of photography.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/C/coburn/cob
urn.html http//www.masters-ofphotography.com/C/co
burn/coburn_articles1.html
12
US 1st Army Post Band Troop for WWISouilly
France, 1918
  • World War I took place from 1914-1918. It began
    as a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia
    on July 28, 1914. It became a war between almost
    all of Europe when Germany declared war against
    Russia on August 1, 1914. It eventually escalated
    into a war involving the whole war with almost
    thirty-two nations fighting. These countries
    included Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy and
    the U.S (the allied powers) who opposed Germany,
    Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria (the central
    powers). The war ended on November 11, 1918 with
    the signing of the Armistice between the central
    and allied powers.

http//www.frontiernet.net/pendino/WW-One.htm
13
1920-1929
14
The First meeting of the League of Nations1920
  • The League of Nations was formed as a result of
    the Versailles Treaty at the end of WWI. The
    purpose of the League of Nations was to promote
    world peace and the communication between
    different nations. Originally President Woodrow
    Wilsons idea, the League of Nations came to
    include almost 15 nations, fewer than the United
    Nations but also an important stepping stone for
    later international organizations. Although the
    U.S. was not a member of the League of Nations,
    it did help to convince the U.S. to join later
    organizations such as the UN. The League of
    Nations formed the basis for the United Nations,
    which the U.S. participates in today. The
    formation of the League of Nations marked the
    first worldwide organization formed between many
    different nations.

http//www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0829149.htm
l
15
Naval Disaster at Point Honda1923
  • On September 8, 1923, the Navys greatest
    navigational disaster took place at an isolated
    place along the California coastline known as
    Point Honda. Point Honda, located near the Santa
    Barbara Channel, was exposed to wind and waves
    and often obscured by fog making it a very
    dangerous place for ships. At 9 PM on September
    8, seven new U.S. Navy destroyers crashed onto
    the rocks at Point Honda, killing 23 people. The
    ships were misinformed and told to turn to the
    east into the channel when they still had some
    distance to go before reaching the channel. This
    accident exposed the inaccurateness of the Navys
    navigational system at the time. It led to many
    new adaptations of the navigational system in the
    Navy.

http//meteora.ucsd.edu/cases/ point_honda.html ht
tp//www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/ev-1920s/e
v-1923/hondapt.htm
16
First 35 mm Camera Invented1924
  • In 1924, Oskar Barnack developed the worlds
    first 35 mm camera. This camera was called the
    Leica I, and was first shown to the public in the
    spring of 1924 at the fair in Leipzig, Germany.
    This camera is now the most commonly used camera
    among photographers. The invention of this camera
    opened up an entirely new side of photography,
    both for professional photographers and amateur
    photographers alike.

http//www.digicamhistory.com/1920s.html
17
Ansel AdamsMonolith, The Face of Half Dome - c.
1927
  • This picture is one of the more famous
    photographs taken by Ansel Adams. He took
    pictures of the western landscape that captured
    the beauty of America. In 1932 he developed zone
    exposure to get the most tonal range from black
    and white film. His pictures helped to create a
    new vision of Americas natural beauty. His
    photographs of Americas national parks helped to
    make people aware of them. He influenced the
    rebuilding of the system for taking care of the
    parks

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/A/adams/adam
s_monolith.html http//www.masters-of-photograph
y.com/A/adams/adams_articles1.html
18
1930-1939
19
Margaret Bourke-WhiteTractor Factory,
Stalingrad 1930
  • This photograph represents Margaret
    Bourke-Whites focus on politics and using her
    pictures to spread social awareness. This picture
    shows two young boys being trained by the Nazis.
    She took photographs in the Soviet Union when it
    was attacked by Germany in 1941. All throughout
    WWII Margaret acted as a war correspondent, using
    her pictures to show the happenings in other
    countries. She made a large impact on
    photographic history by using her photos to show
    social inequality and racism throughout the
    world.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/B/bourke-whi
te/b-w_nazi_full.html- photo http//www.spartacus.
schoolnet.co.uk/USAPbourke.htm - info
20
The Great Depression1932
  • This photograph pictures unemployed men waiting
    in line for a soup kitchen, which was a common
    sight during the Great Depression. The Great
    Depression was a time of economic crisis for the
    United States, beginning with the stock market
    crash in 1929. It was the longest and most
    damaging economic depression that the U.S. had
    ever experienced. During the worst period of the
    depression (1932-33) there were over 16 million
    unemployed workers. The cause of the depression
    can be traced back to the unequal distribution of
    wealth and the economic tariffs imposed upon
    other countries in the years previous to the
    stock market crash. The Great Depression had an
    enormous effect not only on the U.S, but also
    other nations because of their dependence on the
    United States as a trading partner. President
    Roosevelts economic and agricultural policies
    were then able to restore the American economy
    and morale.

http//www.encyclopedia.com/html/g/greatd1ep.asp h
ttp//www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/depression/prob
lems.html
21
Kodachrome film 1935
  • In 1935 Kodak introduced Kodachrome film. This
    became the first successful amateur color film
    produced. It was originally produced in 16 mm
    size, but was expanded to 35 mm and 8 mm in 1936.
    In 1935 it was produced in a filmstrip, and in
    1938 a ready-mount service was provided so that
    the pictures were returned on mounted slides.
    This allowed photographs to be taken in color
    allowing photographers to express a new side of
    photography through color.

http//www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/aboutKodak/kodakHi
story/milestones33to79.shtml
22
Burning of the Hindenburg1937
  • On May 6, 1937 the German airship the Hindenburg
    exploded 25 feet above it the naval airbase at
    Lakehurst, NJ. The huge explosion killed
    thirty-five people aboard the ship and one person
    on the ground. The fire started with only a
    small flame on the tip of the tail fin, and
    spread to the rest of the ship in less than 40
    seconds. Although the cause of the fire is still
    not entirely certain, it is widely though that
    the very flammable hydrogen on the inside and the
    flammable varnish on the outside of the airship
    caused the fire.

http//www.infoplease.com/spot/hindenburg1.html Al
abiso, Vincent. The Associated Press Covers the
World. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. New York. 1998.
23
1940-1949
24
Lisette Model Coney Island Bather, New York
1940
  • Lisette Model was one of the first photographers
    to use models in his photos that didnt have an
    ideal model body. She went against the
    stereotypical photos taken of skinny models and
    instead photographed a big woman on the beach.
    Her photo showed that art can be achieved without
    an ideal body and that emotion can be displayed
    through a big woman as well as through the
    glamour and distinction of skinny models.

Photograph by Lisette Model, printed by Phaidon
Publishers
25
Attack on Pearl Harbor1941
  • On December 7, 1941 Japanese planes flew in over
    Oahu, Hawaii and attacked most of the U.S.
    pacific fleet that was moored in Pearl Harbor.
    This happened while negotiations were going on
    between Japan and America. Nineteen navy ships
    were either destroyed or damaged beyond repair,
    188 aircrafts were destroyed, 2,280 military
    officers were killed and 1,109 were wounded. This
    caused United States to declare war on Japan on
    December 8. Many parts of the government tried to
    blame the naval officers in Hawaii for
    negligence, but eventually it was realized that
    there was no actual evidence of this. This attack
    became one of most memorable attacks on the U.S.
    because it was a complete surprise.

http//encyclopedia.com/html/P/PearlH1ar.asp http
//www.worldwar2-pictures.com/NavalAirStation.html
26
Helen LevittNew York- c. 1942
  • Helen Levitt was a photographer in the 1940s who
    specialized in photographs of the everyday lives
    of the people of New York. She was awarded a
    Guggenheim Fellowship in 1959 for her study of
    color photography. She work, together with the
    writings of James Agee, has made her famous
    around the world. I find her work particularly
    interesting because I think her ability to
    capture the feeling of a moment in a photograph
    is amazing.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/L/levitt/lev
itt_articles1.html
27
Mahatma Gandhi - 1946
  • Gandhi was a peace activist who almost
    single-handedly granted India independence from
    Great Britain. He was born in West India in
    1869. He went to law school in London and then
    moved to South Africa. There, he fought for the
    rights of Indians in South Africa and drastically
    improved the place of Indians there. He then
    moved back to India where he fought his greatest
    battle. He never actually fought anyone, but
    instead when fights broke out between the Muslims
    and Hindus he would fast until the fighting
    stopped. When India finally became independent in
    1947, it was split up into Muslim Pakistan and
    Hindu India. Gandhi spent the rest of his life
    fighting for the unification of the two separate
    countries. Gandhi was assassinated on January
    1948 when he was walking though the gardens in
    New Delphi.

Photograph by Margaret Bourke-White, Published by
Phaidon Publishers
28
Robert Muilenburg In Philippines - 1948
29
Robert Muilenburg in Philippines 1948 ( cont.)
This picture is a picture of my grandfather,
Robert Muilenburg, when he was 16 and lived in
the Philippines. He was visiting a coconut
plantation owned by one of his friends. Shortly
after this photograph was taken, there were
gunshots heard in the woods and my grandfather
and his friends were forced to leave the
plantation because of guerilla activity. At the
time of this photograph my grandfather and his
family had recently returned to the Philippines
from California, where they had been forced to
reside because of World War II (1939-45). MY
grandfather attended Hope College in Philadelphia
and then married my grandmother Phyllis Wierenga.
He then joined the navy. After his time in the
navy, he worked in public relations in the
American Seating Company, traveling from
Michigan, Ohio and finally to New Jersey where he
lives today.
30
1950-1959
31
My grandmother at the Beach - 1955
  • This is a photograph of my grandmother, Phyllis
    Wieranga, at the beach shortly after her marriage
    to my grandfather, Robert Muilenburg. She was at
    Cape May beach in New Jersey, where they later
    bought a summer house, and they vacation there
    every summer. At this time, she was about 22
    years old.

32
Photograph of Langston Hughes by Roy DeCarava1955
  • Roy DeCarava was a photographer who used his
    photos to depict the life and struggles of the
    African-American people. He has collaborated with
    the African-American poet, Langston Hughes
    (pictured above), to create a book about everyday
    life in Harlem, NY. DeCarava was the first black
    artist to receive a Guggenheim Fellowship. He
    contributed much to the black community through
    his photographs, and is thought of as one of the
    most influential photographers in the African
    American community.

http//www.masters-of-photography.com/D/decarava/d
ecarava_hughes.html.
33
Elvis - 1956
  • Elvis Presley, known as the king of rock and
    roll, had a profound effect on the music
    industry. He recorded his first album in 1953 he
    was a national sensation by 1956. It wasnt only
    Elvis ability to sing western, rock and roll,
    and the blues, but his new approach as an
    entertainer that gained him his fame. He was a
    sexual icon for the ages, adored by millions of
    adolescent girls throughout the nation. He
    introduced an new era of rock and roll to the
    nation, and even to this day he is still
    considered one of the greatest performers of all
    time.

http//www.encyclopedia.com/html/p/presley.asp ww
w.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/ Music/08/08/ep.icon/
34
Marilyn Monroe - 1956
  • Marilyn Monroe was a sex symbol of her time, and
    a Hollywood legend after her death. She was
    raised in orphanages and was first married at age
    14. She had a breathy singing style and an
    incredible amount of charisma. She not only sang
    but also acted in many different films, gaining
    herself a reputation as an esteemed actress. She
    was always a mysterious woman, and her suicide at
    age 36 only enhanced this feeling. She had a
    great impact on the world of Hollywood. She was
    one of the first women to become a true sex
    symbol, and many actresses after her have tried
    to achieve the same level of importance. Since
    her death, she had made the top ten of many
    lists of the most sexy and most important
    actresses of the 1900s.

http//www.encyclopedia.com/html/m/monroe-m1.asp A
labiso, Vincent. The Associated Press Covers the
World. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. New York. 1998.
35
The First Xerox Machine - 1959
  • In 1959 the first Xerox machine, the Xerox 914,
    was invented. This machine was the first of its
    kind and was able to make copies on plain paper.
    It was invented by Haloid Xerox. The machine was
    instantly popular among many businesses and the
    Xerox manufacturers could barely make enough
    machines to keep up with the demand. The Xerox
    machine impacted photography by opening the door
    to the invention of many modern photographic
    devices which allow photographs to be flawlessly
    reprinted many times. This allows photographs to
    be shared among many people because more than one
    copy can be made.

http//www.digicamhistory.com/1950s.html
36
1960-1969
37
John F. Kennedy - 1961
  • John F. Kennedy was the youngest man elected as
    President in the U.S., but was also the youngest
    to die when he was assassinated on November 22,
    1963. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on
    May 29, 1917. He then graduated from Harvard in
    1940, and then he entered the Navy. After the
    participating in the war, he became a Democratic
    Congressman from Boston, and in 1953 he became
    part of the Senate. In 1960 he was elected
    president, beating Richard Nixon by a small
    amount. During his term as president he did many
    good things for the U.S. He was able to improve
    the economy after WWII, and also tried to
    reinstate the American ideal of helping to
    develop other nations. He started the space
    program and fought against Russia in the Cold
    War. Shortly before his assassination in 1963 he
    tried to stop the use of nuclear weapons in war,
    an idea that is still part of presidential
    campaigns today.

http//www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jk35.
html
38
Martin Luther King Jr. - 1963
  • Pictured here is Martin Luther King Jr. leading a
    demonstration demanding a strong civil rights
    plank in the GOP campaign platform, in Chicago.
    Martin Luther King Jr. was a great leader of the
    civil rights movement in the U.S. in the 1950s
    and 1960s. His famous speech I have a dream
    promoted the idea of equality between blacks and
    whites. He staged many protests against
    segregation and was one of the key people in the
    eventual end to segregation in the U.S. His work
    to promote equality and demote racism in the U.S.
    has made him one of the most influential people
    in the battle for equality for African Americans.

Photo by Francis Miller for LIFE
magazine http//www.life.com/Life/mlk/mlk03.htm
39
First Instant Color Film by Polaroid - 1963
  • In 1963 the first instant color film was
    invented by Dr. Edwin Land and marketed by
    Polaroid. This invention allowed for an almost
    immediate viewing of a picture after it was
    taken. This meant that the additional cost of
    developing the film was eliminated. While this
    method was not very popular with true artistic
    photographers because of the poor quality of the
    film, it became extremely popular with the
    general public. It was a huge success by the
    Polaroid company and was the invention that put
    them on the map. This method, while improved, is
    still used today by many people.

http//www.ted.photographer.org.uk/photohistory_or
igin.htm
40
The Beatles - 1963
  • The Beatles changed the world of music forever.
    The four members, John Lennon, James Paul
    McCartney, George Harrison and Richard Starkey
    (Ringo Starr), were all born in Liverpool,
    England in the 1940s. They first became popular
    in Europe, and then spread to the United States n
    1960s. Their lyrics expressed their own feelings
    about the times. They projected the idea of
    peace, love and happiness. They started many new
    trends, in music and in fashion. Their impact on
    the musical and cultural aspect of the world can
    never be forgotten.

Photography by Angus McBean, Published by Phaidon
Publishers http//members.aol.com/AstraWing/beati
mp.html
41
The Earthrise Photograph - 1968
  • The Apollo 8 mission, 7 months before the first
    lunar landing, took many different photographs of
    the earth and the moon, but one particular photo
    is the most famous. This photo is taken with the
    earth sitting above the moon, and is considered
    the single most important space photograph. It is
    nicknamed earthrise because it looks as if he
    earth is rising above the moon, as the sun does
    on earth. The fact that this photo captures the
    natural beauty of the earth also makes it an
    important environmental photograph as well.

Photograph by William Anders http//www.abc.net.au
/science/moon/earthrise.htm nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/..
./html/object_page/
42
1970-1979
43
Shooting at Kent State University - 1970
  • On May 4, 1970, four students were killed and
    nine were wounded when National Guardsmen opened
    fire on protesters at the Kent State University.
    The students were protesting the Vietnam war, and
    the National Guard had been sent out in order to
    control them. This famous photograph depicts the
    horror that the students felt after their fellow
    protesters were shot down by the National
    Guardsman. The shootings were a matter of
    national controversy, and many blamed the
    National Guardsman calling them murderers, while
    others claimed that the students had also
    violated the law and had threatened the
    guardsman. This incident marked the unstableness
    of the times, and how the war and anti-war
    protests had rocked the entire nation.

Photograph by John Filo http//www.cnn.com/2000/US
/05/04/kent.state.revisit/ http//www.uncp.edu/lib
rary/instruction/images/kent_state.jpg
44
Watergate Scandal - 1972
  • The Watergate scandal was a complex system of
    political scandals that occurred between 1972 and
    1974. It began with the burglary of the
    Democratic National Committee in the Watergate
    Hotel, Washington D.C. on June 17, 1972. It
    became apparent that President Richard Nixon was
    paying the burglars of the Watergate Hotel when a
    check for 25,000 from the Nixon campaign was
    discovered in one of the burglars bank accounts.
    This scandal ended up with President Nixons
    resignation on August 8, 1974. This scandal
    exposed the corruption within the U.S. government
    and made the public less trusting of political
    officials.

http//www.watergate.info/ http//abcnews.go.com/s
ections/us/DailyNews/watergate_poll020617.html
45
Skylab - 1974
  • Skylab was Americas first experimental space
    station. The two main purposes of Skylab were to
    prove that man could live in a micro gravity area
    for long periods of time and to expand mans
    knowledge of astronomy. The station was home to
    over 300 experiments and repairs over the course
    of its existence, until it was shut down and left
    in a stable orbit around the earth. The orbit did
    not last, however, and on July 11, 1979 the
    station broke up and scattered debris throughout
    the Indian Ocean. The Skylab marked the first
    home in space that man could stay at for
    extended periods of time. It also paved the way
    for other, more advanced, space stations that
    exist today.

Sandler, Martin W. America A Celebration!.
Dorling Kindersley Publishing. 2000 http//www.io.
com/o_m/ssh_skylab_trainer_outside.html
46
Pamela Dietz at Homecoming - 1974
  • This is a picture of my mother, Pamela Dietz, at
    her homecoming dance in Ohio. She was a freshman
    in high school at the time and was about 15 years
    old. She attended the dance with her boyfriend at
    the time, Chris, who was a junior. She attended
    high school in Ohio for her freshman and
    sophomore year, and junior and senior year she
    attended high school in New Jersey.

47
The First Point-and-Shoot Self Focusing Camera -
1977
  • In 1977 Konica invented the Konica C35-AF, the
    first point-and-shoot and auto focusing camera.
    As opposed to older cameras, this camera adjusted
    the light meter internally, so the photographer
    didnt have to change the f-stop or shutter speed
    every time they changed lighting situations. The
    flash on the camera allowed the photographer to
    take pictures in darker areas, too. While this
    camera wasnt as popular with professional
    photographers because the depth of field and the
    ability to capture movement could not be
    adjusted, this camera was widely popular with
    amateur photographs because it was so easy to
    use. This invention allowed amateur photographers
    to take well lit photographs more easily and with
    little effort.

http//www.digicamhistory.com/1970s.html
48
First Video Disk - 1979
  • In 1979 Phillips and Sony collaborated to create
    the first modern videodisk. This disk was able to
    store images and sound like a normal record would
    record sounds. This new invention allowed
    multiple images to be easily stored and accessed
    with one disk. Although this invention was never
    incredibly popular, it helped to open the door
    for other similar inventions that combined
    photography with technology.

http//users.pipeline.com.au/mma/pages/History/Vid
eo_disc.htm
49
1980-1989
50
William Dietz and Phillip Dietz - 1985
  • This is a photograph of my father, William Dietz,
    and my cousin, Phillip Dietz. My father and
    mother were visiting my cousins and my aunt in
    uncle in Virginia because the oldest child in
    that family, Nicholas, had bone cancer. My father
    and mother were outside tring to cheer-up the
    younger kids, including the youngest, Phillip,
    Shortly after this photograph was taken, Nicholas
    passed away because of cancer.

51
Madonna - 1985
  • Madonna is an American pop singer and actress
    who has challenged social boundaries and broken
    rules with almost all of her performances. Her
    first album, Madonna, in 1983 won her first title
    as a pop and sex icon of the ages. By creating
    her own style of dangling beads and lingerie, she
    created an entire look for the 80s decade. Her
    general message to live life to the fullest and
    have fun helped to inspire an attitude of
    recklessness and youthful abandon in the 80s. She
    was also a renowned feminist who encouraged woman
    to be themselves and to be comfortable with their
    bodies.

www.encyclopedia.com/html/m/madonna.asp Sandler,
Martin W. America A Celebration!. Dorling
Kindersley Publishing. 2000
52
Explosion of the Challenger Space Shuttle - 1986
  • On January 28, 1986 the Space Shuttle Challenger
    and its crew were destroyed in an explosion only
    one minute after lift-off. The seven crew members
    all lost their lives. The explosion was caused by
    a fuel leak in the rocket booster. This tragedy
    shocked the nation. This accident stopped the
    nations space program and any NASA research for
    several years. This accident was also one of many
    problems with NASA that ruined its reputation and
    caused congress to lessen funds in later years.
    This accident exposed the imperfection and
    frailty of the space program, causing many
    Americans to second guess whether this program
    was ever safe at all.

http//www.me.utexas.edu/uer/challenger/intro.h
tml http//teacher.scholastic.com/space/sts7/space
flight.htm
53
First Single-Use Camera - 1987
  • In 1987, Kodak introduced its first single-use
    camera, the Fling. Alan VanDeMoere was the
    first to come up with the idea for the camera,
    and is now the head of the single-use camera
    department at Kodak. While some people worried
    that this single-use camera would affect film
    sales, it actually created a great new
    moneymaking item for Kodak. This camera allowed
    amateur photographs to simply buy the camera,
    snap the pictures, and develop the film without
    having to own an actual camera. The film came
    inside the camera, and eliminated the extra cost
    of film for the consumer.

http//www.fastcompany.com/online/24/kodak.html ht
tp//www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/aboutKodak/kodakHist
ory/milestones80to94.shtml
54
Tiananmen Square Protest - 1989
  • In April 1989, college students in China began a
    protest for democratic reform in Tiananmen
    Square. This protest was brutally put down by the
    Chinese government on June 3 and 4 of the same
    year. When the government refused to respond to
    the protests, workers, intellectuals and civil
    servants joined the students until over one
    million people filled the square. The government
    sent tanks and soldiers to the square who killed
    thousands of people in order to stop the
    protests. These brutal killings showed the
    inhumane tactics that the Chinese government was
    willing to employ in order to avoid opposition to
    their government. It was one of the most violent
    government demonstrations of the time, and still
    stands as a symbol of unjust government action
    today.

http//www.uncp.edu/library/instruction/images/tia
nanmen.jpg http//infoplease.com/spot/tiananmen.ht
ml
55
1990-1999
56
Mother Teresa - 1990
  • Mother Teresa was a nun who founded the convent
    Sisters of Charity, dedicated to helping the very
    poor. She began this convent in India, where she
    worked and had become a nun. The Sisters of
    Charity convent has been spread to include almost
    3,000 members with countries worldwide. Mother
    Teresa received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for
    her devotion towards selflessly helping the poor
    of India, and inspiring others to do the same
    worldwide. Mother Teresa died on September 5,
    1997. Mother Teresas work with the poor has made
    her known worldwide as one of the most selfless
    and truly saintly people of her time. Her work
    has influenced others to also selflessly help
    those who need it most, and to spread the
    kindness that she shared with others.

http//www.tisv.be/mt/pic/mtheresa.jpg
57
Nelson Mendela Elected President of South Africa
-1991
  • In July of 1991, the first democratic election of
    South Africa was held, and Nelson Mandela was
    elected president of the African National
    Congress. Nelson Mandela was a long time
    anti-apartheid activist in South Africa. He was
    only let of prison a year earlier, after being
    held for 27 and half years as a political
    prisoner. Mandelas election marked an entirely
    new era in South Africa, ending the oppression
    and discrimination against people of color and
    African Americans. He was awarded the Nobel Peace
    Prize in 1993 with Frederik de Klerk (the former
    president) for their participation in the
    elimination of apartheid in South Africa.

www.armeisenbaer.de/ nelson-mandela.htm http//inf
oplease.com/ce6/people/A0831499.html
58
Operation Desert Storm - 1991
  • When Saddam Hussein ordered Iraq to invade Kuwait
    on August 2, 1990, President George Bush
    announced the beginning of Operation Desert
    Shield which included a naval and air blockade
    and the steady deployment of U.S. military forces
    to Saudi Arabia. Shortly before Iraq passed the
    deadline to move out of Kuwait on January 15,
    1881, congress approved the use of the U.S. army
    to move Iraq out of Kuwait. At this time, there
    were already 500,000 military personnel and
    thousands of tanks, airplanes, and other weapons
    mobilized near the border of Kuwait. One day
    after the deadline the U.S. began Operation
    Desert Storm. This battle crushed the Iraqi
    troops and caused very few casualties on the side
    of the U.S., who recaptured Kuwait 100 hours
    after the start of the battle. This battle showed
    the strength and speed of the U.S. army, and it
    also helped to boost the nations confidence in
    its president and army. Operation Desert Storm is
    still considered one of the U.S.s most
    successful military campaigns to date.

http//www.encyclopedia.com/html/section/us_histor
y.asp
59
Davids Christening - 1992
  • This is a picture of me, my mom, and my brother,
    David, before he was christened. This was when he
    was about 6 months old, in 1992, the year he was
    born. We are all wearing white because that is
    the traditional color for christenings. He was
    christened in Andover, MA, where he was born and
    where we lived until 1998.

60
Family Reunion - 1995
  • In 1995, my fathers side of the family had a
    reunion at a resort called Monsall Mountain in
    upstate New York. This photograph pictures all of
    my cousins, fourteen, on that side of the family.
    We stayed at the resort for a week, where we swam
    at the lake and did some family activities.

61
Got Milk Ads Annie Leibowitz - 1998
  • Annie Leibowitz is the most successful celebrity
    photographer of the 1990s. At the age of 23 she
    became the chief photographer for Rolling Stone
    magazine. Her ability to capture the personality
    of her subject has made here a favorite
    photographer among the celebrities themselves.
    She also helped to launch the overwhelmingly
    successful Got Milk ad that captured many
    celebrities. This ad campaign photographed
    celebrities with milk mustaches and became very
    popular to collect among children and even
    adults. She is considered the most famous
    photographer of her generation.

http//www.whymilk.com/celebrities/kiss.htm http/
/www.infoplease.com/ipea/A0906909.html
62
2000-2003
63
England - 2001
  • This is a photograph of my youngest brother,
    David, who was 8 at the time. We visited England
    in 2001, and this is a picture of my brother
    dressed up in knights clothing when we visited
    Warwick castle, outside of London. We spent a
    week and a half in England, a week in London and
    4 days in my aunt and uncles house outside of
    London, in the countryside. We visited all the
    famous sites in London, as well as several
    castles and more rural sites outside of London.

64
France - 2003
  • In April of 2003 we visited Paris, France as a
    family. This picture shows me, my mom, my dad,
    and my two younger brothers standing in front of
    the Notre Dame cathedral. We stayed in my Aunt
    and Uncles house in Paris for a week and 2 days
    during April break. We visited all of the famous
    sites in Paris, such as the Eiffel Tower and the
    Arc de Triumph. We also took two side trips, one
    to the palace in Versailles and one to Omaha
    Beach in Normandy.

65
Cat in Sunlight
  • This is a photograph I took in my first
    assignment. The assignment was to simply
    demonstrate different compositional techniques.
    This photograph turned out well, and was the best
    of my first assignment. Some things I could have
    improved on was to cut out some things from the
    photo, like the chair and plug in the background.
    Also, I wish I had had a picture where I had
    larger view of the shadow.

66
Fence with shadow
  • This was a photograph I took in our third
    assignment, the light assignment. I feel that
    this picture shows my improvement from my first
    assignment in several ways. First, I think that
    the way that I show more of the shadow than I do
    in the cat picture helps to enhance the picture.
    Also, the background of the photograph has less
    distracting objects than the cat picture, so the
    viewer can focus on the subject.

67
Final Project David in the Shade
  • I think this photograph incorporates
    everything that I had hoped to improve on in my
    final project. It had shadow as a focus of the
    picture, and very little background items that
    interfere. Most importantly, I think I have
    succeeded in making my subject matter more
    interesting than in past assignments. I think
    that having to make the pictures relate to me
    helped me to have more interesting subject
    matter, my brother. My previous subjects had been
    mainly my cat and random inanimate objects.

68
Final Project David Pulling Rope
  • I was happy with this photograph for several
    reasons. Firstly, many of my pictures of David
    were of him sitting still, and this picture shows
    motion and that makes it more interesting.
    Secondly, I like who the lightness of the water
    contrasts against he rocks and seaweed in the
    background. Also, the lines of the rope and the
    direction of the movement in the photograph
    really lead the eye through the picture well.

69
Final Project David In the Rocks
  • This photograph has a nice composition. The
    circular shape of the coastline leads the eye
    through the picture, starting with David kneeling
    in the front. Also, the contrast of the lightness
    of the water with the darkness of the seaweed
    helps to make the photo more interesting.
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