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This area dominates the country in terms of population and ... Produces iron, copper, uranium, industrial minerals (borax, salt, talc), gold, and diamonds ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Created by Group G:


1
  • Created by Group G
  • Amanda Washington
  • Brian Quinn
  • Rachel Strittmatter
  • Steven Santangelo
  • Sydney Waclawik

2
General Background
  • The northern Chilean deserts contain great
    mineral wealth, especially copper
  • This area dominates the country in terms of
    population and agricultural resources

3
General Background
  • Copper has played a large role in the Chilean
    economy since at least 1825
  • Copper greatly impacts the Chilean economy

4
General Background
  • Codelco has 5 divisons
  • Codelco Norte
  • Salvador
  • Ventanas
  • Andina
  • El Teniente
  • All are operated in the northern or central
    part of chile

5
Global/National Environment
6
Environmental Management
  • Administration plans to control regulated
    contaminators issued by the mining process
  • Efforts are being made to reduce the amount of
    liquid waste
  • Efforts are being made to minimize Codelcos
    impact on the environment
  • Technological research is in the process of
    making a less harmful mining process

7
Codelco Good Neighbor
  • A program designed to work with the communities
    of its mining areas
  • Is in favor of the economic development of the
    neighboring populations
  • Promotes long term projects such as tourist
    programs, volunteer work, and involving the
    indigenous populations with the area
  • Creates solutions for enviornmental problems

8
Policy on Sustainable Development
  • The mission of Codelco is to develop in a
    responsible and agile way, all of its capacity
    for the mining and related businesses, in order
    to maximize economic value and its contribution
    to the Chilean State in the long-term.
    (http//www.codelco.com/english/desarrollo/fr_poli
    tica.html)
  • Has a high priority for both economic success and
    community success

9
Policy on Sustainable Development
  • Fosters competitiveness and a drive for success
    within the company
  • Develops ethical and responsible business
    practices
  • Respects all human rights and the dignities of
    all employees
  • Takes responsibility for all harmful
    environmental impacts on surrounding areas

10
Other Information
  • The worlds largest copper miner
  • Provides the world with more than 10 of its
    copper
  • Andina is the third-largest division of Codelco
    and produces 14 of the companys total output

11
Engineering Principles
12
Engineering Principles
  • The Process by which Copper is mined and purified
  • Geological Exploration
  • Land is surveyed and inspected. Ore law and best
    form of exploitation are determined
  • Extraction
  • Mineralized rocks of suitable size are extracted
    from the mine and are shipped to the plant by
    truck/train
  • Crushing
  • Electric crushers, reduce the rocks into ore
    particles that are no larger than a ½ inch in
    size.
  • Milling
  • The ore particles from the last step are are
    reduced to a size of 180 microns (1.27 cm).
    Then they are combined with water and other
    reagents to make a pulp
  • Flotation
  • Pulp is put into flotation cells, and bubbles
    carry the copper and other sulfide ores to the
    surface. The froth formed is dried which forms
    copper concentrate
  • Smelting
  • Copper concentrate is treated at high temps to
    form RAF (fire refined) Copper. Then this RAF
    Copper is cast into 225 kg plates called anodes

13
Engineering Principles
The Process continued
  • Electrorefination
  • These plates are put into electrolytic cells
    where copper is stripped by an electric current
    from the anodes and are plated to cathodes. This
    produces 99.99 pure copper.
  • Leaching
  • Sulfuric acid is applied to stock piles of
    mineralized material which dissolves the copper
    contained in the oxide ores from the flotation
    step. The copper sulfide solution created is
    then concentrated.
  • Electrowinning
  • This is the same as electrorefination, but
    instead 99.99 pure copper is extracted from the
    copper sulfide.
  • Inspection
  • All the copper cathodes are inspected and
    packaged for shipping
  • Shipping
  • The cathodes are transported by trains and trucks
    to shipping ports, where they are shipped out all
    over the world

14
Engineering Principles
  • Workers should definitely have skills and
    background in engineering
  • Required to operate heavy/technical machinery
  • Planning and analytical skills in order to plan
    mine shafts and dig sites
  • Sustainability is important to reduce negative
    environmental effects
  • Chemistry and other processes involved in
    purification

15
Health and Safety Issues
  • Copper is a natural element that is essential to
    living organisms.
  • Excess copper consumption can produce some short
    term effects
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Wilsonss disease which may lead to more toxic
    effects
  • Safety Issues Include
  • Heavy machinery
  • Production machinery (smelter)

16
Sustainable Development
  • Guidelines to protect the environment, the
    employees, and the communities related to the
    corporation and it introduces in management the
    preventive principle, which aims to the control
    of environmental aspects and risks related to all
    its activities, the copper mining and its
    byproducts.
  • So new engineering techniques and technologies
    must be created in order to fulfill the
    requirements set forth by the sustainable
    development policy.

17
Engineers and Science
  • Since the environment has become an important
    issue over the past few decades, new engineering
    principles are needed to change the way which
    things were done in the past. In order for these
    changes to be made, for a sustainable
    development, the engineers must fully understand
    the materials that they are working with and the
    byproducts produced from manufacturing. For
    these reasons engineers need a solid background
    in the sciences to develop new technologies.

18
Industry Analysis
19
The Industry
  • Codelco is in the mining industry
  • Their main product is refined copper
  • They also produce copper sub products, refined
    products, and unrefined products

20
Codelcos Competitors
  • Freeport-McMoRan of Phoenix, AZ
  • Copper, gold, and silver producers
  • 2nd largest producer of copper (after Codelco)
  • Grupo México of México
  • Mexicos largest mining company
  • 3rd largest producer of copper worldwide
  • Rio Trinto of Melbourne, Australia
  • One of the worlds largest mining companies
  • Produces iron, copper, uranium, industrial
    minerals (borax, salt, talc), gold, and diamonds

21
Major Product Categories
  • Copper (obviously)
  • Mining companies in Chile also most commonly
    produce coal, iron, precious metals, and
    industrial materials
  • Chile is known to mine and produce many other
    materials not listed

Coal
Copper
Diamonds
Industrial Material
22
Unique Challenges/Opportunities
  • Environmental Restrictions
  • Farmers and fishermen fight Codelco in court due
    to the emissions left off in the water and air
  • Can utilize all forms of copper
  • Refined products
  • Cathodes and wire rods
  • Unrefined products
  • Concentrates (copper, iron and sulfide)
  • Blister and anodes (metallic copper)
  • Sub products
  • Molybdenum and Sulphuric Acid

23
What is the importance of copper?
  • Copper has important properties for the
    development of societies
  • High electrical and heat conductivity
  • Resistance to corrosion
  • Durability
  • It can also be recycled.

24
  • Its high conductivity will serve to transmit
    more efficiently the energy generated by
    alternative non polluting sources. It is also
    possible to foresee its use in environmentally
    friendly products, such as electrical vehicles.
  • Coppers high conductivity also makes possible a
    more efficient use of energy, thus adding not
    only to the quality of the products, but also to
    the ecological aim of burning less fossil fuel to
    prevent climatic change.

25
  • DSL has allowed to increase copper wire capacity.
    The new system has made a strong entry to markets
    and its use as alternative connectivity will
    grow.
  • In the case of microprocessors, the manufacturers
    have already chosen copper as material to build
    new high speed models, thanks to its properties
    of electrical and thermal conductivity.

26
  • Many companies now focus on their corporate
    social responsibility, which is the view that
    they can help the community by being
    environmentally friendly or helping lower-class
    America.

27
Importance to Business
  • From the business perspective if you work within
    the CSR part of the firm, you could market a
    product that is environmentally friendly, thanks
    to copper. It would also be more cost efficient
    since copper is cheaper than other products used.

28
Importance to Engineering
  • Almost all electrical devices rely on copper
    wiring because copper is inexpensive and highly
    conductive. With the fast pace of technology,
    engineers could use copper to make the product
    faster and more efficient.

29
The End!
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