PHRASES

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PHRASES

• FIVE WAYS TO VARY SENTENCE BEGINNINGS

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THE FIVE PHRASES

• prepositional
• participial
• gerund
• infinitive
• appositive

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prepositional phrases

• start with a preposition, end with a noun or
  pronoun
• act as either an adverb or adjective
• can be removed as they are adding description
• try beginning sentences with them for variety

4
participial phrases

• start with a participial (the ING or ED
  equivalent of a verb)
• act as adjectives (either right before or right
  after the noun they describe)
• often used with commas
• can be removed and sentence still makes sense
• start with them to add sentence variety

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gerunds

• start with gerunds (the ING form of a verb)
• act as nouns (subjects, IO, DO, PN, OP)
• cannot be removed, sentence wouldnt make sense
• rarely used with commas

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infinitives

• Start with infinitives (TO plus a verb)
• can be a variety of parts of speech
• add variety to sentence structure

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appositives

• can start with a variety of words (articles,
  adjectives, nouns or pronouns)
• job is to rename a noun
• always offset with commas
• are a clever way to combine sentences