THE HISTORY OF SEA NAVIGATION AND MARITIME TRADE IS ALSO

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THE HISTORY OF SEA NAVIGATION AND MARITIME TRADE

• THE HISTORY OF SEA NAVIGATION AND MARITIME TRADE
  IS ALSO
• THE HISTORY OF PORTS SINCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEA
  NAVIGATION
• AND BUILDING OF SHIPS DEVELOPED PARALLEL WITH THE
  GROWTH OF
• PORTS AND HARBOR TOWNS.
• THE HISTORY OF PORTS IS THE HISTORY OF
  CIVILIZATION,
• FOR PORTS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN STRONG CENTERS OF
  ECONOMIC
• POWER WHICH WERE ON THE ONE HAND A REFLECTION OF
  THE DEGREE
• OF DEVELOPMENT OF A SOCIETY, AND ON THE OTHER
  HAND A
• REFLECTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCTIVE
  FORCES
• AND RELATIONS WITHIN THE SOCIETY OF A DEFINITE
  TIME.

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A PORT

• A PORT IS A COMPONENT OF THE TRAFFIC AND
  MARITIME SYSTEM OF A
• SEASHORE COUNTRY AND SERVES AS A COLLECTIVE SITE
  IN WHICH
• CONVERGENCE OF TRAFFIC FROM ALL MEANS OF
  TRANSPORTATION
• TAKES PLACE.
• PORTS DO NOT BELONG TO ANY SINGLE BRANCH OF
  TRAFFIC,
• BUT IS RATHER THE FACTOR WITHIN A TRAFFIC SYSTEM
  ON WHICH THE
• PROPER FUNCTIONING OF ALL THE OTHER PARTICIPANTS
  IN WORLD
• TRAFFIC DEPENDS.
• SEAPORTS ARE NOT AND CAN NOT BE A PURPOSE PER
  SELF
• THEIR ASSIGNMENT IS TO HELP THE EXPANSION OF
  ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
• AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE ON A WORLDWIDE SCALE BY
  RENDERING THE MOST
• FAVORABLE CONDITIONS.
• PORTS ARE A GATEWAY, AND THEIR ORGANIZATION A
  KEY THAT OPENS
• THE GATEWAY TO EXCHANGE OF COMMODITIES THROUGHT
  THE WORLD.

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• THE HISTORICAL ROLE, IMPORTANCE AND ACTIVITIES
  OF PORTS CHANGED
• ACCORDINGLY WITH THE
• 1) DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD ECONOMY,
• 2) THE EXPANSION OF INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES OF
  COMMODITIES
• 3) THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW TRANSPORTATION
  TECHNOLOGIES
• PORTS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN A COUNTER PART OF THE
  INLAND
• HINTERLANDS. THE COMMERCIAL AND ECONOMIC POWER OF
  THE
• HINTERLAND IS THE FUNDAMENTAL PREREQUISITE FOR
  THE OPERATION
• AND DEVELOPMENT OF A PORT.
• PORT SERVICES MUST ALWAYS ADAPT TO THE DEMANDS
  AND CHANGES
• OF THE ENVIROMENT AS QUICKLY AND PAINLESSLY AS
  POSSIBLE.

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THE ACTIVITIES OF A PORT
THE ACTIVITIES OF A PORT ARE DETERMINED BY
NUMEROUS FACTORS AND ALL OF THEM SUM UP INTO A
SINGULAR APPRAISAL ON OCCASION OF CHOOSING THE
TRAFFIC ROUTE FOR THE DESTINATION OF ANY FREIGHT.
EACH OF THE RELEVANT FACTORS HAS A MORE OR LESS
DIFFERENT EFFECT ON THE ROLE, DEVELOPMENT AND
APPRAISAL OF A PORT IN ITS VARIOUS PHASES OF
DEVELOPMENT. AS A RULE, FREIGHTS HAVE A CHOICE
OF SEVERAL PORTS. ON THE OTHER HAND, A PORT DOES
ITS UTMOST TO ATTRACT FREIGHTS BY USING THE
ELEMENTS ON WHICH THE CHOICE DEPENDS, IN SUCH A
WAY THAT THE CHOICE MAY BE IN THE PORTIS FAVOR.
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THE FACTORS OF ASSESSMENT OF A PORT

• THE FACTORS OF ASSESSMENT OF A PORT ARE QUITE
  DIVERSE, BUT ARE
• OF GREAT IMPORTANCE AND FARREACHING CONSEQUENCES.
  
• IT IS POSSIBLE TO INFLUENCE SOME OF THESE
  ELEMENTS THROUGH
• APPROPRIATE MEASURES OF STATE TRAFFIC AND PORT
  REGULATION
• POLICIES OR THROUGH THE BUSINESS POLICY OF A
  PORT,
• WHEREAS NO INFLUENCE, OR VERY LITTLE, CAN BE
  IMPARTED ON
• SOME OF THE OTHER ELEMENTS. DURING SOME
  HISTORICAL AND
• DEVELOPMENTAL PHASES CERTAIN FACTORS GAIN ON
  IMPORTANCE
• AND IMPACT, WHILE OTHERS LOSE. WE EVEN HAVE THE
  PHENOMENON
• THAT SOME FACTORS THAT HAD A POSITIVE EFFECT ON A
  PORT DURING
• A CERTAIN PERIOD, PROVED TO HAVE A NEGATIVE
  EFFECT
• UNDER DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE ENVIRONS.

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• FACTORS OF IMPORTANCE FOR THE ROLE AND
  DEVELOPMENTAL
• POSSIBILITIES OF A PORT OR PORT SYSTEM ARE MAINLY
  THE FOLLOWING
• THE NATURAL GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF THE PORT
• THE NATURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PORT
• THE PORTS FACILITIES AND ORGANIZATION OF
  BUSINESS OPERATIONS
• THE TARIFF SYSTEM
• TARIFFS AND TARIFF POLICY
• THE ECONOMIC POWER OF THE HINTERLAND
• LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF OVERLAND TRAFFIC
  COMMUNICATIONS
• THAT CONNECT THE PORT TO ITS GRAVITATIONAL
  FIELD
• THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
  PORT
• AND PORT POLICY MEASURES, AND FINALLY,
  POLITICAL RELATIONS.

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THE EFFECTS OF THE MENTIONED FACTORS ARE MUTUALLY
DEPENDENT AND FUNCTIONALLY CONNECTED, WHILE THE
RESULTANT OF THEIR EFFECTS IS SUCCESSFUL
BUSINESS PERFORMANCE AND DEVELOPMENTAL
POSSIBILITIES FOR THE PORT OR PORT SYSTEM.
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WORLD PORT TRAFFIC 2001. - 2005.