TOURISM

1
TOURISM

• A.J. Peters
• Rachel Heacox
• Rebecca Ellis

2
Overview

• Brief history of the tourism industry industry
• Exploration of Industry focusing on
• Europe
• Caribbean
• Australia

3
History of industry

• Idea of traveling for pleasure started with
  Europes upper class in the 18th century
• The travel industry was growing at a steady pace,
  but was put to a halt with the World War I and II
• After the end of World War II the economy began
  to improve and the travel industry flourished.

Institute of Research, p. 3
4
Tourism Today

• The tourism and travel industry has continued to
  grow and experienced its largest expansion in the
  1990s
• Currently global tourism boasts over 4 trillion
  dollars in sales annually and employs 260 million
  people
• In the U.S. tourism is the 3rd largest retail
  industry

DB/Industry Handbook, p. 274
5
Tourism in Europe

• The countries to be discussed are France and
  Germany
• For both countries tourism plays a major role in
  the economy

6
Tourism and the economy

• Tourism is the worlds fastest growing industry,
  and Europe has been right in the center of this
  booming industry
• The growth rate for tourism in Europe is 3.7 per
  year
• This clearly indicates that tourism in Europe is
  a major role player to the success of many
  European economies

7
France

• France is the worlds fourth largest economic
  power in terms of GDP
• Has a surface area of 555,000 km2, making it the
  largest country in Western Europe (about the size
  of texas)
• Borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany,
  Switzerland, Italy, and Spain
• http//www.info-france-usa.org
• http//france.diplomatie.fr/france/gb/geo/pays01.h
  tml

8
Tourism in France

• Its main industries are (transport and
  telecommunications, luxury products, TOURISM,
  pharmaceutical industries, banking, insurance,
  and agri-foodstuff)
• With 76.5 million foreign tourists, France has
  become the most visited country in the world.
• Their income from tourism (30 billion Euros) is
  the third largest in the world after Italy and
  the US
• Capital Paris

http//www.info-france-usa.org
9
How it effects economy

• Tourism clearly brings a huge economic boost in
  terms of dollars
• Their trade surplus in the tourism sector is over
  15 billion Euros
• It also provides about 2 million direct or
  spin-off jobs to France, which lowers the
  unemployment rate
• The steady growth rate of tourism gives the
  country some stability and keeps the foreign
  money rolling in.

10
Why France?

• France does well in tourism because
• 12,000 listed monuments
• 1,200 museums
• wide variety of landscapes
• good public transportation
• excellent service

11
Why France?

• The French hot spots are the French Riviera,
  Paris, the Northern Alps, and the Loire Valley
• All of these help France compete against the rest
  of the world.

12
Germany

• Capital Berlin
• Currency is the Euro
• Germany possesses the worlds third largest
  economy, after the US and Japan
• Their GDP growth rate is around 3
• www.1uptravel.com/international/europe/germany/ -
  37k - Mar 1, 2003

13
Tourism and the economy

• The importance of tourism in Germany cannot be
  questioned
• No other single branch of the economy employs so
  many people (direct and indirect)
• Roughly 2.8 million Germans work in the branch of
  tourism, more than any other branch in the
  economy
• http//www.german-embassy.org.uk/tourism_in_germ
  any.html

14
Tourism and the Economy

• That 2.8 million is equivalent to 8 of the
  entire German workforce
• Tourism accounts for 8 of the total GDP
• In 2001, the travel industry generated more than
  155 billion Euros
• Placing it third behind motor manufacturing, and
  mechanical engineering, but ahead of chemical and
  food industry
• http//www.germany-tourism.de/pdf/importance_of_to
  urism_2001.pdf

15
Tourism in Germany

• Tourism has a major impact on the German economy
  because of its contribution to wealth, job
  creation, and importance to the economy
• Helps bring foreign money in and unemployment
  down

16
Countries of the Caribbean
http//www.cha-cast.com/tourism.html
17
Countries of the Caribbean

• 24 countries
• ABC Islands, Anguilla, Antigua Barbuda,
  Bahamas, Barbados, Cayman Islands, Dominica,
  Dominican Republic, Grenada, Grenadines,
  Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico,
  Saba St. Eustatius, St. Barth, St. Kitts
  Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Martin, St. Vincent,
  Trinidad Tobago, Turks Caicos, and the Virgin
  Islands

18
Why Visit the Caribbean

• The Caribbean has pristine attractions such as
  coral reefs, exquisite beaches, tropical forests,
  five star resorts, rare exotic animals, warm
  climate, warm and friendly people and beautiful
  vegetation which draws in tourists from around
  the world.

19
The Importance of Tourism

• In most Caribbean countries, the economy relies
  very heavily on tourism and in many, tourism is
  the main industry.
• The Travel Tourism Industry in the Caribbean
  region is vital to the Caribbean infrastructure,
  its people and its communities. Tourism growth
  and a profitable hotel industry is dependent on
  healthy and sustainable operating systems.

20
The Importance of Tourism

• More than 500,000 people are employed in the
  tourism industry in the Caribbean, or one in
  every four jobs.
• In 1995 the region earned 11.8 billion of
  foreign trade from overseas visitors.
• Over the next decade an estimated 36 increase of
  tourist arrivals is anticipated.

21
The Importance of Tourism

• In the Caribbean, Travel Tourism has the
  potential of expanding 70 creating 2.2 million
  jobs by 2007.
• Tourism accounts for roughly 25 of exported good
  and services which contributes 31 of the Gross
  Domestic Product the largest relative producer
  of travel and tourism in the world.

22
Travel to the Caribbean

• International tourist travel has grown steadily
  over the years, except for short periods of slow
  growth associated with the Oil Crisis during the
  early 1980s and the Gulf War in the early 1990s.
  

23
Travel to the Caribbean

• Between 1980 and 1996, world international
  tourist arrivals increased by 108.8, or by an
  average of 4.7 annually. Over this period, the
  receipts from international tourism grew by 311,
  from US103 billion to US423 billion, or at an
  average growth rate of 9.2 annually.

24
Travel to the Caribbean

• In 1996, Caribbean destinations received a total
  of 25.54 million visitors, comprising 14.84
  million tourist arrivals and 10.7 million cruise
  passenger visits. Caribbean tourist arrivals
  increased by 2.4 in 1996 and the number of
  cruise passenger visits by 10.9. Gross
  expenditure by all visitors (tourists, cruise
  passengers and other excursionists) to the
  Caribbean in 1996 reached an estimated US13,340
  million, an increase of 5.6 over 1995

25
Travel to the Caribbean

• As can be expected, the United States remains the
  most important source of tourists to the region,
  despite the steady fall in its share of total
  tourists arrivals to the region in recent years.
• The US share has declined from 61.8 of total
  arrivals in 1987, to 52.7 in 1992, and to 48.5
  in 1996.

26
Competition

• Since Europeans generally stay longer than
  visitors from the other major markets, they
  account for an even higher share of the total bed
  nights spent by tourists in the region than their
  numbers would suggest.
• Tourists from Canada accounted for 5.8 of all
  tourist arrivals in 1996, which was somewhat
  below its 7.4 share in 1992.
• Intra-Caribbean tourism is being targeted for
  future growth as well.

27
Australia - overview

• Geography smallest continent 2,967,877 square
  miles
• Government federal parliamentary state
• Capital Canberra
• Largest City Sydney
• Continental states in the nation Queensland, New
  South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western
  Australia
• There is no state religion, largest churches are
  the Anglican and the Roman Catholic

Encyclopedia.com
28
Australia - economy

• Mostly rich farm land
• Industry mining, food processing, the
  manufacture of industrial and transportation
  equipment, chemicals, and machinery
• Exports metals, minerals, coal, wool, beef,
  mutton, cereals and manufactured products
• Rich in mineral resources and opals and diamonds
• Self-sufficient in food production
• GDP is 340 billion per capita GDP
• is about 21,000

Encyclopedia.com
29
Australia - tourism

• The Australian Tourism Commission, stated that
  tourism is the largest and fastest growing of the
  Australian service industries
• The Australian service industries account for 70
  of the countries 340 billion GDP
• The number of visitors is expected to grow
  annually between .6 and 4.7 percent, which would
  be between 4.4 and 5.2 billion guests

Worcester, p.66
30
Australia tourism factors

• One of the largest influences in the Australian
  tourism industry was the 2000 Olympic games
• Historic neighborhoods
• Exotic animals and beautiful beaches

31
Australia 2000 Olympics

• Won bid in 1993 to host the 2000 Games and the
  extra 3.6 million tourists that would arrive
• In order to host the games Sydney expanded the
  ferry network, built a new rail link from the
  airport to the city, and revamped parks and the
  city itself spending over 1 billion
• Greenpeace and environmental groups headed all of
  the building projects to ensure environmental
  protection of the Homebush Bay wetlands, the
  biodiversity, ozone and ensure energy efficiency

Sydney Organizing Committee
32
Australia 2000 Olympics cont.

• Not only did the Olympics bring about
  transportation and technological improvements but
  in order to host the games over 5,600 hotel rooms
  were added
• It was estimated that the aftermath of the
  attention from games would boots tourism by 2.1
  million visitors and generate an extra 4 million
  dollars
• The Olympics also brought exposure and enhanced
  the profile of Australia and gave them a closer
  link with the world travel industry

33
Australia The Rocks

• The Rocks is the most historic neighborhood in
  Australia it is located in the bluffs near the
  Sydney Harbor
• The area is complete with unique shops,
  cobblestone streets, pubs, fine dining and high
  tea, and a historical luxury hotel The Lord
  Nelson Brewery Hotel, complete with harbor views,
  Australian antiques, and a full service spa.

Preet, p. 43
34
Australia - land

• Australia is also home to the Great Barrier Reef,
  which is the worlds largest coral reef.
• In addition is is also home to the kangaroo,
  koala, wallaby, and various other unique plants,
  birds, and animals.

35
Australia barriers to tourism

• The largest barrier to tourism is the distance
• Total flight time can range from 18 to 35 hrs
  depending on your departure location and the
  number of connecting flights and they are also
  extremely expensive start at about 1,400
• In addition, there is a 12 hour time difference
• These factors make it very hard and extremely
  expensive to take a short trip hence a majority
  of travelers to Australia stay 2 to 4 weeks or
  longer -- and a majority of vacationers do not
  have the time or the money to stay that long

36
Australia marketing tourism

• The Australian Tourist Commission is working on
  revamping its marketing campaign for 2003
• Main focus is ads on terrestrial and digital TV
  stations which encourage viewers to visit
  Australia.com, a hi-tech website that can design
  a sample itinerary that can be directly sent to
  travel agents
• The ads will focus on the range of experiences
  and things Australia has to offer and will
  encourage 2 week trips/packages and intends to
  target travelers in France and Germany

Dillabough, p. 12
37
Tourism

• As you can see, tourism is crucial for several
  economies due to the amount of jobs and wealth it
  provides
• With tourism and its importance competition
  within countries is fierce

38
The top 10 biggest trends for the industry
include

• The economy
• Technology
• Global population increases
• Time
• Values and lifestyles

• Continuous learning
• The environment
• Generation X
• Industries and Institutions
• Service

DB/Gale Industry Handbook, p.275-7