The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics

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• The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and
  Biophotonics
• University at Buffalo
• Opportunities for Multifunctional Nanomaterials
  in Nanomedicine
• Paras N. Prasad

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The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and
Biophotonics

• Mission
• Multidisciplinary Frontier Research in Lasers,
  Photonics and Biophotonics
• Federal, State and Industrial Support (26
  million)
• Education and Training
• NSF-funded Integrative Graduate Education and
  Research Training (IGERT)
• NSF-funded Research Experiences for
  Undergraduates (REU)
• Collaborations Academia (Kent State),
  Government laboratories (AFRL, Dayton),
  Industrial (Kodak), International (Australia,
  China)
• Co-development, training, advanced testing
• Technology Transfer - 5 spin off companies
  (Laser Photonics Technology, ACIS, Hybrid
  Technologies and NanoBiotix, Solexant)

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Nanomedicine

• A vision for future health, utilizing
  cross-fertilization of nanotechnology and
  biology. Nanoparticles and nanostructures are
  used to produce
• Multiple intracellular probes for basic
  understanding of cellular interactions and
  dynamics
• Early detection of diseases or infections
• Therapy to target only the diseased sites with
  minimal
• collateral damage
• Many therapies in tandem to produce multimodal
  treatment
• Minimally invasive diagnostic and therapy
• Real-time monitoring of drug action or therapy

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Quantum Dots for Bioimaging

• What are Quantum Dots?
• Quantum dots are nanometer (10-9 meter) scale
  particles that are neither small molecules nor
  bulk solids
• Their composition and small size (a few hundred
  to a few thousand atoms) give these dots
  size-dependent optical properties (absorption and
  emission) that can be readily customized by
  changing the size or composition of the dots
• Advantages of Luminescent Quantum dots over
  Traditional Organic Dyes
• Quantum dots do not readily photobleach
• Quantum dots have narrow, symmetric emission
  spectra characteristics
• Quantum dots can be used in multiple resolvable
  colors (multiplexing) that can be excited
  simultaneously using a single excitation
  wavelength

Luminescent indium phosphide quantum dots
Luminescent CdSe quantum dots
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Folate Receptor mediated endocytosis delivery of
core-Shell quantum dots for multiphoton imaging
Two-photon image of KB cells treated with QD-FA
for 6 h.
Nanochemistry for synthesis and surface
modification
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Multimodal Imaging



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Fluorescent dye
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Fe3O4 nanoparticle
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50 µm

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In Vitro and In Vivo Images generated by Magnetic
Nanoparticles
A
B

• Fluorescent Image of Magnetic Nanoparticles in
  Cells
• B. MRI Image of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Tumor
  Tissue

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Magnetophoretic Drug Delivery
Polymeric nanomicelles containing
photosensitizer and magnetic nanoparticles can
be guided with external magnetic field
AQUEOUS SYSTEM
L. O. Cinteza, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, Y. Sahoo, E.
J. Bergey and Paras N. Prasad, Molecular
Pharmaceutics (in press)
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Cellular uptake of drug with magnetophoretic
control
I
II
Confocal fluorescence images of HeLa cells
uptaking nanomicelles containing fluorescent
photosensitizer and magnetic nanoparticles. I -
with magnetic field applied, II without it.
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Multifunctional nanoparticles technology
PbSe can grow as dot or rod
Au (plasmonic) PbSe (semiconducting) Fe3O4
(magnetic)- A multifunctional platform!
50 nm
50 nm
4 nm
1PbSe(1 1 1) 2PbSe(2 0 0) Fe3O4(2 2
0) 3Fe3O4(3 1 1) 4Au(1 1 1) 5PbSe(2 2
0) 6Fe3O4(4 0 0) 7PbSe(2 2 2) 8Fe3O4(5 1
1) 9Fe3O4(4 4 0) 10PbSe(4 2 0)
Electron Diffraction
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Optical diagnostics using Nanotechnology Flow
Cytometry a valuable tool in research and
clinical practice

• Cells are analyzed
• one at a time
• at thousands per second
• for several specific molecular markers

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Emerging Markets for Flow cytometers include
Bacteriology and Virology still plenty to
do Field monitoring slaughterhouses, beaches,
supermarket Drug Discovery finding the
hidden drug-cell interactions AIDS Monitoring
in the Developing World Patient Treatment
dialysis-type process? Ultracompact Devices
implantable?, patient monitors? Bioterrorism