Chapter 13: Standard Data

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Chapter 13 Standard Data

• Overview
• Standard Time Data
• Formula construction
• Standard Data Usage

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What is Standard Data?

• General Approach distinguish constant elements
  from variable elements
• Typical standard data for machine operation
• Setup
• a. Constants
• b. Variables
• Each piece
• a. Constants
• b. Variables
• Tabulated element standards, plots, formulas, and
  nomograms.
• Elemental times from time studies that are stored
  for later use.
• Can be broken down into, motion, element, and
  task.

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Steps of Formula Construction

• Define variables
• Collect the raw data
• Analyze the element
• Plot data and develop the formula
• Check for accuracy
• Write formula report

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Formula Development (step 4)

• Take enough measurements (times) that you
  comfortable with the numbers
• Plot the data in a spreadsheet and run some
  analysis on it to determine a function.
• Test the function to see if another curve fits
  the data more correctly.
• Extrapolate the data you need for the standard.

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Example

• In the element strike arc and weld, analyst
  obtained the following data from 10 studies
• Linear regression
• y -0.245 1.57x
• r2 0.928 and SSE 0.1354
• Quadratic regression
• y 0.1 -0.178x 1.61x2
• r2 0.993 and SSE 0.0.012
• Cubic regression
• y 0.2181.14x 3.59x2 1.16x3
• r2 0.0994 and SSE 0.00873
• Statistic test the quadratic model is selected
• The best model
• y 0.0624 1.45x2
• r2 0.993 and SSE 0.0133

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Standard Data Usage

• Combine constants with variables and tabularize
  the summary?reference time allowed to perform a
  given machine and class of operation completely
• Setup elements are combined or tabularized in
  combinations
• Standard data are not combined ?flexibility in
  the development of time standards