Free At Last?

1
Free At Last? The Jim Crow Laws Segregation in
America from 1870-1950 www.jimcrowhistory.org/home
.htm
2

• The Jim Crow figure was a fixture of the
  minstrel shows that toured the South.

• A white man blacked up, sang and mimicked
  stereotypical black behaviour in the name of
  comedy e.g. laziness, stupidity.

3
Philadelphia, 1889 Removing an African American
from a railway car.
4

• Lynching victim JP Ivy, a black timber cutter who
  was subsequently burned to death by a mob from
  Union and Lee Counties.

• Ivy was accused of an assault on a white girl,
  which he always denied.

Rocky Ford, Mississippi September 1925
5
New York 1936

• From their headquarters on Fifth Avenue, the
  National Association for the Advancement of
  Colored People flew a flag to report lynchings
  until 1938, when it was threatened with eviction.

6
Black housing in Chattanooga, Tennessee 1899
7
Blacks and whites were either separated within
the same cinema
8
or, as in Leland, Mississippi in 1939, they were
completely segregated.
9
Segregated drinking fountains and bathrooms in
Oklahoma City,1939
10
Each time the NAACP took a school district to
court that called themselves separate but
equal, we proved through my photographs that the
schools were certainly segregated, but not
equal. R. C. Hickman
11
You know, they didnt have a heater like that in
any white school. NAACP, 1950
12
In the late 1940s black people were not admitted
to the public hospitals in Dallas. So the black
doctors created their own hospital. R. C.
Hickman
13
A State Fair parade, 1953. There was one day set
aside for blacks during the State Fair. They
called it Negro Achievement Day. R. C. Hickman
14
Jim Crow Etiquette

• A black male could not offer to shake hands with
  a white male because it suggested social
  equality.

• Blacks were not allowed to show affection in
  public.

• Whites never called blacks Mr or Sir and used
  their first names instead. However, blacks had to
  use these titles when referring to whites, and
  were not allowed to use white first names.

• Blacks were introduced to whites, never the other
  way round e.g. Mr. Peters, this is Charlie.

• White motorists had right of way at all junctions.