Direct

1
Direct Indirect Object Pronouns
2

• The object that directly receives the action of
  the verb is called the direct object.
• Bill hit the ball."Ball" receives the action of
  the verb "hit."
• Sherry reads the book."Book" receives the action
  of the verb "reads."

3

• Often, it is desirable to replace the name of the
  direct object with a pronoun.
• Example 1
• Paul bought the flowers. He took the flowers home
  and gave the flowers to his wife.
• Example 2
• Paul bought the flowers. He took them home and
  gave them to his wife.

4
Direct Object Pronouns

• me (me)
• te (you-familiar)
• lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal)
• nos (us)
• los, las (them, you-all-formal)

5

• In sentences with one verb, the direct object
  pronoun comes immediately before the conjugated
  verb.
• Tengo la pluma. I have the pen.La tengo. I
  have it.

6

• If the direct object is a masculine noun, the
  masculine pronoun must be used.
• María tiene el libro. John has the book.María
  lo tiene. John has it.
• The masculine pronoun is also used for it when
  the object is not known.
• Ex lo creo I believe it.

7

• Likewise, if the direct object of the sentence
  changes from singular to plural, the plural
  pronoun must be used.
• Juan lo tiene. John has it.
• but
• María los tiene. Mary has them

8
Common Error Alert

• Why is this completely incorrect?

I eat it. Yo como la.
Avoid this error by Learn to translate groups of
words instead of individual words.
9
What does each mean? What is a possible word for
it in each phrase?

• la comolo como
• la leo lo leo
• la veolo veo
• la tengolo tengo
• la comprolo compro

10
What about when the direct object is a person?

• I know you.
• Te conozco.
• She loves him.
• Ella lo ama.
• She loves me.
• Ella me ama.
• Juan sees her.
• Juan la ve.
• They call us.
• Ellos nos llaman.
• We call them.
• Los llamamos.

11
Practica

• 16. Dónde compra Pablo los libros?____________
  en la librería.
• 17. Conoces la capital de España?Sí,
  __________________.
• 18. Miras las telenovelas?Sí,
  ___________________.
• 19. Dónde estudia Bill el español?____________
  en Guatemala.
• 20. Comprenden ustedes esta lección?Sí,
  ___________________.

12
My advice

• Think of the direct object as answering the
  question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what
  the subject of the sentence is doing.

13
Warmup

• What is a direct object?
• Can a direct object be a person?
• What are the direct objects for each subject?
• Where do we place direct objects?

14

• This is true in negative statements as well
• Affirmative Sentence - Los compro. (I buy them.)
• Negative Sentence - No los compro. (I don't buy
  them.)

15

• Remember, don't try to translate word-for-word.
  Instead, think in terms of phrases, or concepts.
  For example
• los compras (you buy them)
• no (makes the whole sentence negative)

16
Practice Negate the sentences and add a direct
object pronoun.

• Cuando era niña, Angie comía las arañas.
• Matthew siempre bailaba el tango.
• Jonathan miraba los videos de Indiana Jones.
• Elizabeth nadaba el estilo libre.
• Shannon miraba el programa de Saludo tus
  pantalones Cortos
• Taylor tocaba el clarinete, la flouta, y la
  trompeta.
• Jay robaba los teléfonos celulares

17

• Ann decoraba el árbol de la navidad.
• Rae miraba los Gamecocks.
• Marisa dio un discurso en el debate.
• Dakota ganó el partido de lacrosse.

18
More practice

• 1. I love him.2. I don't love him.3. I know
  them. (Juan and Maria)4. I don't know them.
  (Juan and Maria)5. Juan knows me.
• 6. Juan doesn't know me.7. He buys the
  magazines.8. He doesn't buy the magazines.9.
  They see Maria.
• 10. They don't see Maria.
• 11. I know you.
• 12. I don't know you.

19

• When a sentence has two verbs, the first verb is
  conjugated and the second verb remains in the
  infinitive form.
• Puedo correr un maratón.I can run a marathon.
• Mis alumnos prefieren hablar el español.My
  students prefer to speak Spanish.

20

• In sentences with two verbs, there are two
  options regarding the placement of the direct
  object pronoun.
• 1) Place it immediately before the conjugated
  verb.
• 2) Attach it directly to the infinitive.
• Puedo correr un maratón.I can run a marathon.
• Mis alumnos prefieren hablar el español.My
  students prefer to speak Spanish.

21
Tell me two ways to say each statement

• I want to see it. (una película)
• We should buy it. (una computadora)
• Mary should visit us.
• John needs to wash it. (su coche)

22
Survey Activity

• What direct object will you use when your
  question has a proper noun like an IPOD?
• Sample Questions
• Llenaste tu coche con gasolina el fin de semana
  pasada?
• Llevaste un disfraz (costume) para Halloween?
• Cantas canciones cuando tomas una ducha?
• Cuando eras niño/niña, Compartías (did you
  share) tus meriendas (snacks) con tus amigos?

23
Direct Object Quiz

• Translate to English
• Te conozco
• Nos ven
• Los llamamos
• No puedo verla (la pizarra)
• Ella necesita tomarlo (el examen)

• Translate to Spanish
• I love you!
• She knows us
• We saw it (la película)
• I can run it (un maratón).
• He sees them (Juan and Maria)

24
Indirect Objects

• Indirect Objects tell us where the direct object
  is going
• He gives the book to María.DOBook
• Where is the book going?To María.
• IOMaría
• He gives María the book.DOBook
• Where is the book going?To María.
• IOMaría

25
Do sentence with indirect objects usually have
direct objects?

• Yes, the IO tells us where the DO is going.
• Notice how the sentences below just wouldn't work
  without a direct object.
• He gives María . . .the book, the pen, the
  diamond, etc.
• He buys me . . .flowers, candy, pizza, etc.

26
Review

• DIRECT OBJECT
• Directly receives the action of the verb
• anwers the question "what?" or "whom?" with
  regard to what the subject of the sentence is
  doing.

• INDIRECT OBJECT
• tells us where the DO is going.
• answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom" the
  action of the verb is performed.

27
Indirect Object Pronouns

• me (me)te (you-familiar)le (him, her,
  you-formal)
• nos (us)les (them, you-all-formal)
• Why is the direct object pronoun lo or la and the
  indirect object pronoun le or les?

28
In sentences with one verb the indirect object
pronoun comes right before the conjugated verb

• Juan me compra un regalo.John buys me a
  gift.John buys a gift for me.
• Juan te compra un regalo.
• Juan le compra un regalo.
• Juan nos compra un regalo.
• Juan les compra un regalo.

29

• Just like direct object pronouns you must learn
  to translate in phrases and not words.
• Word-for-word Juan me compra un regalo.John for
  me he buys a gift.
• Phrase-by-phrase John buys me a gift.

30
Practica Translate each to English, assume they
are indirect object pronouns

• Me compro
• Me compras
• Me compra
• Me compramos
• Me compran

• Me compra
• Te compra
• Le compra
• Nos compra
• Les compra

31
Lets take a closer look at the third person forms

• DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN
• Lo a male, or a masculine object
• La a female, or a feminine object
• Translate
• Ella lo ama.

• INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN
• Le a male or a female
• Translate
• Ella le escribe una carta.

32

• Since le and les can mean more than one thing, a
  prepositional phrase is often added to remove the
  ambiguity.
• Ella le escribe a Juan una carta.Ella le escribe
  a su hermana una carta.Ella le escribe a usted
  una carta.
• Ella les escribe a sus padres una carta.Ella les
  escribe a ustedes una carta.
• In other forms, prepositional phrases can be
  added for emphasis Ella me da a mí el dinero.

33
Practice Lets begin with English

• He gave her the ring.
• 1. DO
• 2. IO
• He sang them a song.
• 3. DO
• 4. IO
• Give the girl an ice-cream.
• 5. DO
• 6. IO

34

• Juan compra flores para ella.Juan _____compra
  flores
• El mesero da el menú a ellos.El mesero _____da
  el menú
• Ellos dan una propina a mí.
• Ellos ____ dan una propina.
• Compro el libro para ti.____ compro el libro.

35

• Model
• he gives her (dar)él le da
• 1. we give them (masculine).
• She gives us.
• They (masculine) give us.
• They (feminine) give her.
• You all give me.
• Shannon buys me a sleeping bag.
• They buy you a water bottle.
• We tell them the truth.
• Susana writes them a letter.

36
We place indirect objects directly infront of
conjugated verbs in negative statements as well

• Él no me compra nada.
• Ella no te trae el desayuno.
• No le mando a él la cuenta.
• Ellos no nos compran ningún regalo.

What would the affirmative versions of these
sentences look like?
37
What do you think happens to the pronoun when
there is more than one verb in the sentence?

• There are two options regarding the placement of
  the indirect object pronoun.
• 1) Place it immediately before the conjugated
  verb
• 2) Attach it directly to the infinitive
• What is the difference betweenMe necesitas dar
  un regalo.
• Necesitas darme un regalo.

38
Warmup Review 11-17

• What is an indirect object?
• What question does it answer?
• Where does it go?
• What are the pronouns? What pronouns do we have
  to clarify?

39

• Ellos me los dan.They give them to me.IO
  pronoun
• DO pronoun Ella te la vende.She sells it to
  you.IO pronoun
• DO pronoun

40
DO Pronouns IO Pronouns English Equivalent
me me me
te te you (familiar)
lo, la le him, her, it, you (formal)
nos nos us
os os you-all (familiar)
los, las les them, you-all (formal)
41
Powerpoint practice
42
aumentar
corpulento
mitigar
abstenerse
abstracto
fenomenal
cordial
enamorar
sardónico
detestar
arrogante
espontáneo
sequestrar
caprichoso
inundar
disminuir
aliviar
valiente
crudo
cobarde
contestar
43
Warmup Shorten these sentences

• 1. La madre le lee el libro al niño.
• 2. Marta te enseña las fotos.
• 3. Sara les vende la moto a sus amigos.
• 4. Ella nos sirve unas gambas.
• 5. Sofía me compra unos sellos.
• 6. Lola les pide a Uds. un favor grande.
• 7. Tú y yo le damos cien dólares a Luis
• 8. Tu padre te paga las cuentas.
• 9. Ellos nos dicen un chiste bueno.
• 10. Mis tíos me muestran una foto.

44
Direct Indirect Objects Combined

• Indirect Object always comes first
• Ellos me los dan
• Ella te la vende.
• Whenever both pronouns begin with the letter "l"
  change the first pronoun to "se."
• le lo se lole la se lale los se losle
  las se lasles lo se loles la se lales
  los se losles las se las
• Does your direct object ever change?

45
This is to avoid tongue twisters

• Le las vs. se las

46
Negating

• In negative sentences, the negative word comes
  directly before the first pronoun.
• Translate
• No se lo tengo.
• Nunca se los compro.
• Is it difficult to translate?

47

• The pronoun se can be very vague, we must
  clarify
• Él se lo dice.
• Él se lo dice a María.
• Él se lo dice a ella.

48
Where do you think we place the pronouns in
sentences with 2 verbs?

• Place them immediately before the conjugated verb
• Attach them to the infinitive
• Ella me lo debe explicar.
• Ella debe explicármelo.
• Te lo quiero decir.
• Quiero decírtelo.
• Se la necesitas enviar a ellos.
• Necesitas enviársela a ellos.

49
WRITE THIS DOWN!

• When attaching two pronouns to the infinitive, a
  written accent is added to the final syllable of
  the infinitive
• - What is always the final syllable of the
  infinitive?

50

• 1. I see her in the market.Yo ( la, le ) veo en
  el mercado.
• 2. She sends him a letterElla ( lo, le ) manda
  una carta .
• 3. Ann loves him madly.Ann ( lo, le ) quiere
  locamente.
• 4. We hear her well. Nosotros ( la, le ) oímos
  bien.
• 5. You give him a kiss.Tú ( lo, le ) das un
  beso.

51

• 6. His friends invite him to the party.Sus
  amigos ( lo, le ) invitan a la fiesta.
• 7. I know him well. Yo ( lo, le ) conozco bien.
• 8. Carlos tells him a secret.Carlos ( lo, le )
  dice un secreto.
• 9. I look at you in the office.Yo ( lo, le )
  miro en la oficina.

52

• 11. Marta ( lo, le ) devuelve el dinero.
• 12. Ellos ( la, le ) llaman cada día.
• 13. Yo ( lo, le ) traigo mis problemas a él.
• 14. Nosotros ( lo, le ) respetamos mucho.
• 15. Enrique ( la, le ) vende su coche a ella.

53

• 16. Mis amigos ( le, lo ) piden un favor.
• 17. Tú y yo ( lo, le ) encontramos allí.
• 18. A quién ( lo, le ) regalas flores?
• 19. Ella ( lo, le ) sabe de memoria.
• 20. La mujer ( la, le ) busca en la tienda.

54

• 21. Yo no ( los, les ) entiendo a veces.
• 22. El despertator ( los, les ) despierta a las
  800.
• 23. Todos ( las, les ) evitan en público.
• 24. Tú ( los, les ) prometas una sorpresa.
• 25. Enrique ( los, les ) vende su coche.

55

• 26. Yo ( los, les ) odio.
• 27. Un hombre ( las, les ) sigue por el parque.
• 28. El agente ( los, les ) prepara el itinerario.
  
• 29. Alguien ( los, les ) visita los martes.
• 30. Nadie ( las, les ) sirve la cena.

56
Thursday

• Test Layout
• Review handout
• Review saying
• Do practice on the promethean.
• Do vocab for practice if time remains.

57

• Quién te enseña la gramática?
• La profesora me la enseña.
• Quién le explica los problemas a Ana? Paco
• Paco se los explica
• Quién te presta su ropa nueva? Ann
• Ann me la presta.
• Quién les dice a Uds. la respuesta? Ellos
• Ellos nos la dicen.
• Quién me da estos billetes? Yo
• Yo te los doy.

58

• Quién te da el anillo? Mi novio
• Mi novio me lo da.
• A quién le escriben ustedes una carta? A Luis
• Nosotros se la escribimos a Luis.