MAXIM Periscope Module

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MAXIM Periscope Module

• Optics
• Dennis Charles Evans
• 25 April 2003

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Mirror Parameters
2,10, and 30 cm TRADE STUDY
TBD
Mirror surface

• Active area is 30 cm long by either 2,10 or 30
  cm wide- so THREE different types of mirror
  modules for a trade study
• Surface figure requirement l/200 rms (at 633nm)
• Mirror mass must be minimized
• Surface Figure and Micro-roughness indicate a
  stable glass substrate such as ULE, ultra low
  expansion glass
• For Baseline, width was set at 20 cm so metallic
  silicon could be used.

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Lightweight ULE Mirror
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Kodak Lightweight Cryostable Mirror
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Kodak Lightweight Cryostable Mirror
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MAXIM Pathfinder IMDC Study May 2002
ATAN 0.5/20000 5.156620 arc sec
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Collector Area

• Collecting Area
• Each Unit is a collection of 2 sets of 4
  mirrors on one common bench
• 30 SIN 1 0.52357219311850536 cm projected
  width
• 0.52357219311850536 20 10.471443862370108
  cm2
• Each 20 cm wide set has 10.47 cm2 collecting area
• Goal is to have 1000 cm2 area
• Hub 6 units (12 sets) 48 mirrors
• Satellite 25 (4 sets) 400 mirrors
• ((25 4)12) 10.46 1172.64
• ((25 4)12) 8.9286 1000.0031999999998
• 8.9286 0.52357219311850536 17.053235670938506
  Clear Width
• 28 SIN 1 0.48866738024393832
• 0.4886673802439383218.272 8.92893037181724
• Mirrors Physical 30 cm long and 20 cm
  wide
• Clear Footprint 28 cm long and 18.272 cm wide

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Collector Area Free Flier Tradeoff
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Aperture Locations at 20,000 and 500 km Focal
LengthZEMAX Configurations
Location_20000 Location_500
1 0 10 1 0 0.25 2
60 11.8 2 60 0.295 3 120
13.9 3 120 0.3475 4 180
16.4 4 180 0.41 5 240 19.4
5 240 0.485 6 300 22.9
6 300 0.5725 7 0 27
7 0 0.675 8 60 31.9
8 60 0.7975 9 120 37.6
9 120 0.94 10 180 44.4
10 180 1.11 11 240 52.3 11
240 1.3075 12 300 61.8 12
300 1.545 13 0 72.9 13 0
1.8225 14 60 86 14 60
2.15 15 120 101.5 15 120
2.5375 16 180 120 16 180 3
17 240 141.3 17 240 3.5325
18 300 166.7 18 300 4.1675 19
0 196.7 19 0 4.9175 20
60 232.1 20 60 5.8025 21 120
274.9 21 120 6.8725 22 180
323.2 22 180 8.08 23 240
381.4 23 240 9.535 24 300
450.1 24 300 11.2525 25 0
531.1 25 0 13.2775 26 0
0 26 0 0
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Aperture Locations
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Aperture Locations (central area)
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Optical Layout
OPD
R
R
(F2R2)0.5
F
OPD/R R/(F2R2)0.5
OPDR2/(F2R2)0.5
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Maxim Quadriscope Layout
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Sample Mirror Arrangement (10 example)
Using RTL to calculate central ray path Delay
Line Shift of 1 micron 698 A Path Difference
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Total Optical Path Differences
Total Optical Path Difference (meters) R13.2775
F500000 OPD(R2)((R2)(F2))0.5
OPD 0.00035258401237568448 (352584 nm) R.25
F500000 OPD(R2)((R2)(F2))0.5
OPD 1.2499999999998436E7 (125 nm) Delay Line
Sensitivity 352584 69.8 5051.34670487106
units of 0.1 micron 505 microns 0.000505
meters
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Airy Diffraction Rings for 500 km
OPD31.25A 20000km
OPD1250A 500km
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Interference FringesPathlength Differences
1 wavelength 1 nm (10 Angstroms)
0.5 nm
A
D
D0.0000005 mm/TAN 5.156620/3600. 0.020000
mm or 50 lines/mm
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All 25 configurations geometrically aligned
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Configuration 1
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Configuration 1 4
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Configuration 1 4 7
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Configuration 1 4 7 10
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Configuration 1 4 7 10 13
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Configuration 1 4 7 10 13 16
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Configuration 1 4 7 10 13 16 19
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Configuration 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22
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Configuration 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 810 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 13 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 1113 16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 19
22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16
19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
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Polychromatic Wavelengths
For an 0.8A bandwidth and a center wavelength of
10A, the coherence length (resonance length) is
approximately 125 A.
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Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
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Y Cross section, All 25 Apertures, not phased
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Y Cross section, All 25 Apertures, not phased
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X Cross section, All 25 Apertures, not phased
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Polychromatic Phasing, 22 25
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Polychromatic Phasing, 22 25
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Multi-configuration Variables
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1 Quadriscope Free Flier Azimuth (0North) 2
Quadriscope Free Flier Radius distance 3
Inversion for Southern Quadriscopes 4 Mirror 4
X-Tilt 5 Mirror 4 Y-Tilt (Roll along length) 6
Mirror 1 Glass (use blank as shutter) 7 Delay
Line Shift (0.0000001m 69.8 A OPD)
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Next Steps

• Fringe Phasing
• monochromatic
• polychromatic (12 wavelengths in ZEMAX)
• Problem It looks like ZEMAX is using paraxial
  parameters to compute optical paths for each
  calculation and not adjusting for real optical
  path.
• Delay line shifts of 0.0005 meters did not
  produce any effect in the fringe patterns.
• Shifts of 10 mm blocked the path and no image (no
  pupil) was produced.
• A Non-Sequential model may resolve this????
• Extend Source Image
• F
• Star Image

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Next Steps F Source
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
Next
F
F
X Y or multiple Z rolls
R, Theta
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Back-up Slides
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MAXIM Periscope
Improved Mirror Grouping
Group and package Primary and Secondary Mirrors
as Periscope Pairs
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AutoCAD Layout Drawing
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?1? _at_ 25 meters, Separation ?446.8529mm
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Interference Fringes
1 wavelength 0.1 mm
0.050mm
1?
D
D0.050/TAN 1? 2.86 mm. 20mm/2.86mm6.99
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Nonsequential ModelTwo Periscopes, 180, 100m
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Upper Periscope
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Geometric Ray Trace
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100 microns wavelength
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Solid Model 100 micron wavelength
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50 micron wavelength
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Solid Model 50 micron wavelength
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12.5 micron wavelength
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12.5 microns, 1/8 size
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1.5625 microns, 1/8 size
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Sequential
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Periscope MirrorsFour configurations
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Sequential, 100?,
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NonsequentialTwo (180) Configurations
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NonsequentialAll Four Configurations
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Interpretation of Models

• Nonsequential Model
• ZEMAX is calculating pathlength and phase
  correctly.
• The model is approximately a dual slit
• ZEMAX does not seem to be calculating intensity
  roll-off at all
• Sequential Model
• The results from the sequential model, All
  Configurations, appears to be exactly the same as
  the Nonsequential model.