CD10: Young Children with Special Needs

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CD10 Young Children with Special Needs

• Chapter 10 Communication

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Chapter Topics

• Stages of Normal Language Acquisition
• Factors Influencing Development
• Children from Culturally and Linguistically
  Diverse Backgrounds
• Assistive Technology
• Issues and Principles of Intervention

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Summary, page 401

• Only when communication is delayed does the
  complexity of its nature become apparent.
• Delays or growth in one area affect delays or
  growth in another.
• By 4 years of age a child has mastered the
  basics of adult language.
• If remediation is not available before they
  reach school age, they may never completely catch
  up .

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• No matter what language you are referring to, a
  childs ability to use that language develops
  through a series of characteristic patterns.
  These forms emerge best when they are developed
  from a rich base of experiences. A child must
  experience the world for language to hold any
  meaning. (page 379)

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Stages of Language Acquisition

• Pre-language and babbling
• Language play and development of speech
  coordination
• Adults and older children use child-directed
  speech
• One-word stage
• Holophrase use one word to represent a phrase
  Fast-mapping learn new word after one exposure
• Early word stage
• Joint referencing to build vocabulary and
  initiate conversation
• Noun-verb combinations

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• Multi-word combinations
• Over generalizations hide-hided go-goed
• Simple sentence structure
• Adds linking words such as
• is
• and
• the
• A
• or

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Factors Influencing Development

• Hearing - pg 384 390
• Conductive loss
• Hearing screenings
• Vision - pg 385 391
• Gesture systems
• Intelligence - pg 386
• Definite link, but hard to measure or determine
• Memory - pg 386
• Language is stored or retrieved inaccurately or
  incompletely

• Mental Retardation
• Pg 387
• Learning Disabilities
• Pg 388
• Attention Disabilities
• Pg 388
• Behavior Disorders
• Pg 388

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Speech Disorders

• Fluency
• Articulation
• Voice disorders
• Cleft palate or facial abnormalities

• Cerebral Palsy
• Substance Abuse
• Autism
• ADD/ADHD

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Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds

• Hannah, Dionne and Cristy
• English Immersion Programs
• ESL Programs
• Bilingual Teachers
• Teaching English in Mrs. Linds 4th grade

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Assistive Technology

• Assistive Technology
• any item or equipment that is used to increase
  ... or maintain functional capabilities. (pg
  396)
• Alternate communication devices
• Braille books, TTY telephone, talking computers
• Augmentative communication
• Communication device or technique
• Symbol set or system
• Sign language
• Reading lips

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TTY telephone
Boy reading Braille story book
American Sign Language alphabet puzzle
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Communication Intervention

• Issues
• Collaboration
• Child Directive Approaches
• Naturalistic Environments
• Principles pg 398 - 400
• Use comprehensive assessment results
• Develop activities that focus on interaction
  within a social context
• Make activities purposeful
• Use natural situations
• Allow for variability in development

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The End