DDIMER TEST

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D-DIMER TEST

• HEMATOLOGY
• DR NGUY?N VAN TÂN MINH

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GOAL OF THIS PRESETATION

• How is it used?
• When is it ordered?
• What does the test result mean?

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How is it used?

• D-dimer test is ordered with other laboratory
  tests and imaging scans, to help rule out,
  diagnose, and monitor diseases and conditions
  that cause hypercoagulability

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How is it used?
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How is it used?

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
• Clot formations in the deep veins of the body
  (the legs), causing swelling, pain, and tissue
  damage.

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How is it used?

• Pulmonary embolus or embolism (PE)
• It is possible for a piece of the clot to break
  off and travel to other parts of the body (blood
  clot in the lungs )

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How is it used?

• Venous thromboembolism (VTE )
• Heart attacks.
• Blocks an artery in another organ, such as the
  brain or the kidneys

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How is it used?

• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) can
  arise from a variety of situations including
  some surgical procedures, septic shock, poisonous
  snake bites, liver disease, and postpartum (after
  the delivery of a baby).
• With DIC, clotting factors are activated and then
  used up throughout the body. This creates
  numerous minute blood clots and at the same time
  leaves the patient vulnerable to excessive
  bleeding.

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How is it used?

• D-dimer levels may be used to monitor the
  effectiveness of DIC treatment.

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When is it ordered?

• D-dimer test is a quick, non-invasive way for the
  doctor to help rule out abnormal or excess
  clotting.

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When is it ordered?

• Patient has symptoms
• DVT (leg pain, tenderness, swelling,
  discoloration, edema )
• PE (labored breathing, coughing, and lung-related
  chest pain )
• DIC (bleeding gums, nausea, vomiting, severe
  muscle and abdominal pain, seizures and oliguria
  )

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When is it ordered?

• D-dimer may also be ordered at intervals when a
  patient is undergoing treatment for DIC to help
  monitor its progress.

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What does the test result mean?

• A positive D-dimer indicates the presence of an
  abnormally high level of fibrin degradation
  products in your body
• An elevated  D-dimer may be due to a VTE or DIC
  but it may also be due to a recent surgery,
  trauma, or infection. Elevated levels are also
  seen with liver disease, pregnancy, eclampsia,
  heart disease, and some cancers.

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What does the test result mean?

• A normal D-dimer test means that it is most
  likely that you do not have an acute condition or
  disease that is causing abnormal clot formation
  and breakdown

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What does the test result mean?

• D-dimer is recommended as an adjunct test. It
  should not be the only test used to diagnose a
  disease or condition. Both increased and
  normal D-dimer levels may require follow-up and
  can lead to further testing.

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Is there anything else I should know?

• Anticoagulant therapy can cause a false negative.
• D-dimer concentrations may rise in the elderly,
  and false positives may be seen with high levels
  of rheumatoid factor.
• Substances such as high triglycerides, lipemia
  (patient consuming a greasy meal prior to
  testing).
• Bilirubin can also cause false positives as can
  hemolysis caused by improper collection and
  handling.

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• Thanks for attending !