Types of Maps in Drone Mapping

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Common Types of Maps Obtained From Drone Mapping
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• Drone mapping or aerial surveying in construction
  produces maps as the final delivery.
  Photogrammetry and LiDAR are the two most common
  drone mapping methods. Both methods produce
  distinct mapping results and necessitate the use
  of specific data processing software to analyse
  the data.
• The common types of maps obtained from drone
  mapping are
• Orthomosaic maps
• Digital Elevation Models (DEM)
• Digital Surface Models (DSM) and Digital Terrain
  Model (DTM)
• Contour line maps
• 3D point clouds
• 3D Textured Mesh

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1. Orthomosaic Maps
A top-down map of a survey site is called an
orthomosaic map or ortho-map. The camera creates
a composite image by looking straight down at a
survey site or object. Drones capture digital
photos that are stitched together to form a 2D
orthomosaic map. When the area to be surveyed is
large, this map is created. A drone equipped with
high-resolution cameras aids in the creation of
comprehensive, centimeter-accurate ortho-maps. An
ortho-map provides a realistic representation of
the project's progress, allowing for quick
decision-making and analysis.
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2. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
DEMs are visual representations of elevation data
for every point the drones captured on the
location. DEMs employ colours to depict elevation
differences rather than a physical representation
of the site. For each x and y coordinate, DEMs
generate grids that list the highest vertical
point along the z-coordinate. A smaller grid cell
indicates that the DEM data file has more precise
information. It includes terrain models with a
lot of detail.
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3. Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Digital
Terrain Model (DTM)
DEM is a subset of DSM and DTM. DTM is a
bare-earth surface model that includes only the
terrain and ground, whereas DSM includes all
obtained points and represents both man-made and
natural features on the earth's surface. DTM and
DSM models are shown in the diagram below. DTM
tracks the ground, whereas DSM displays it. DSM
depicts the surface structures, such as the tops
of buildings and trees.
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4. Contour Line Maps
Topographic maps, often known as contour maps,
are two-dimensional maps made up of lines
connecting equal elevation locations. These are
known as contour lines. Peaks and valleys are
depicted on contour maps, along with the slope's
steepness. A contour line map is created using a
DTM or DSM model with specific contour intervals.
This gives a better understanding of the region
shot by the drone's surface.
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5. 3D Point Clouds
The drone photos are converted into a 3D point
cloud, which is then densified. It consists of
hundreds of points, each of which is a geometric
coordinate. Each point has both geographical
(x,y,z) and colour data. To create a 3D model,
all of these coordinates are integrated. The
model becomes denser as the number of coordinates
rises. 3D point clouds produce an accurate model
with easily determined distance, area, and volume.
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6. 3D Texture Mesh
The evolution of 3D point clouds is a 3D texture
mesh. It replicates the region shot by the
drone's edges, faces, vertices, and texture. It
is suitable for visual examination and is great
for project progress monitoring. Track, map,
survey, inspect, and manage your worksite
projects with Falcon.3D Source
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