Top 25 SOC Analyst interview questions that You Should Know

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Top 25 SOC Analyst interview questions that You
Should Know
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SOC is abbreviated as Security Operations Center,
a centralized team of any company that monitors
real-time threats, real-time incidents, and
suspicious activities. The SOC team will take the
appropriate action or assign some professionals
to handle the risk if found.
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Any organization hires a SOC team for two primary
reasons. First, the SOC team makes sure that the
impact of an already-happening compromise or
incident will be minimal. For example, if one of
the systems/computers has been compromised, the
SOC team must ensure the remaining computers work
correctly. Second, they must make sure that the
cost of remediation is minimal. So if you are
also willing to become a SOC Analyst and are
preparing for interviews, these hand-picked
interview questions may help you. Have a look.
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1. What do you know about PAT? PAT is abbreviated
as Port Address Translation, an extension of
Network Address Translation (NAT) that allows
multiple devices on a network to be mapped to a
single IP address to conserve IP addresses. 2.
What is the idea behind Network Address
Translation? The idea behind Network Address
Translation is to map an IP address space into
another by editing information in packet headers
while the packets are in transit. 3. What is an
IP address? Internet Protocol addresses are
numerical labels such as 192.0.2.1 that denote a
computer network that utilizes the Internet
Protocol to communicate. IP addresses serve two
purposes network interface identification and
location identification. 4. What is
confidentiality? Confidentiality is used for the
protection of information from being accessed by
unauthorized individuals. A computer file, for
instance, remains confidential if only authorized
users are able to access it, but unauthorized
people are barred from doing so.
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• 5. What is integrity?
• Integrity is making sure that an unauthorized
  entity does not modify the data. In other words,
  the accuracy and completeness of data are
  integral to integrity. Security controls focused
  on integrity are intended to block data from
  being altered or maltreated by an illegal party.
• 6. Can you list the various layers of the OSI
  model?
• The seven different layers of the OSI model are
• Physical layer
• Data Link layer
• Network layer
• Transport layer
• Session layer
• Presentation layer
• Application layer

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• 7. What do you know about VPNs?
• A Virtual Private Network, or VPN, is a secure
  connection between a server and a device over the
  Internet. It encrypts data transmissions so that
  sensitive information is protected. In addition
  to making unauthorized individuals unable to
  eavesdrop on the Internet traffic, it also allows
  users to conduct business remotely.
• 8. Can you list a few common cyber-attacks?
• A few common cyber attacks are
• Phishing attacks
• Password attacks
• Drive-by Downloads
• DDOS
• Malware

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9. What is cryptography? The study of
cryptography involves techniques that ensure the
confidentiality of messages so that they can only
be viewed by the sender and the recipient.
Usually, cryptography is used to encrypt or
decrypt emails and plaintext messages when
transmitting electronic data. 10. What is
encryption? Encryption is the process of making
the data unreadable by any third party. This is a
process where the plain text is converted into
cipher-text (a random sequence of alphabets and
numbers). 11. What is CSRF? Cross-Site Request
Forgery is a vulnerability of web applications
that occurs if the server does not check the
request source. In this scenario, the request is
just processed straight away. 12. Define
firewall? A firewall is a device that allows or
blocks traffic according to rules. Firewalls are
usually situated between trusted and untrusted
networks.




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13. What do you know about port scanning? Port
scanning is the process of sending messages to
collect network and system information by
evaluating the incoming response. 14. Can you
tell the various response codes from a web
application? 1xx Informational responses 2xx
Success 3xx Redirection 4xx Client-side
error 5xx Server side error 15. Define
tracert/traceroute? When you cannot ping the
destination, tracert helps you find the
disruptions, pauses, or breakages in the
connectionno matter whether it is a firewall,
router, or ISP.




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• 16. Can you list the different types of web
  application firewalls?
• There are two types of Web Application Firewalls,
  they are
• Cloud-based
• Box type

17. What is the main difference between software
testing and PenTesting? Software testing only
focuses on the softwares functionality, whereas
PenTesting concentrates on the security aspects
like identifying and addressing the
vulnerabilities.
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18. Define data leakage? The data leak happens
when data gets out of the organization in an
unauthorized manner. Data can leak via numerous
means, including e-mails, printouts, laptops,
unauthorized uploading of data to public portals,
portable drives, photos, etc. 19. What is the
perfect time to revise the security policy? There
is no perfect time to revise the security policy.
You just have to make sure to do it at least once
a year. If there are any changes made, document
them in the revision history. 20. What is the
risk? Risk is the probability of being exposed,
losing important information and assets, or
suffering reputational damage as a result of a
cyber attack or breach within an organizations
network.




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• 21. What is a threat?
• The threat is anything that may purposefully or
  inadvertently take advantage of a vulnerability
  in order to acquire, harm, or destroy an asset.
• 22. What is vulnerability?
• Vulnerabilities refer to flaws or gaps in
  software, networks, or systems that can be
  exploited by any threat to gain unauthorized
  access to an asset.
• 23. Can you list a few IPS/IDS tools?
• SNORT
• Security Onion
• OSSEC
• Osquery
• WinPatrol

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• 24. How can we prevent identity theft?
• Avoid sharing private information online on
  social media
• Only buy from reputable and well-known websites
• Always use the most advanced version of the
  browser
• Install new spyware and malware protection tools
• Renew your software and systems frequently
• 25. How can we prevent Man-in-the-middle attacks?
• A MITM attack occurs when communication among two
  parties is interrupted or intercepted by an
  external entity.
• Use encryption among both parties
• Avoid utilizing open wi-fi networks
• Use HTTPS for forced VPN or TLS

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