Lung Cancer -Meddco

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LUNG CANCER
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Introduction

• Lung carcinoma is a malignant lung tumour
  characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in
  tissues of the lung
• If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond
  the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby
  tissue or other parts of body
• Cancer is not one disease. It is a group of more
  than 100 different and distinctive diseases

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Types

• There are mainly two types of lung cancer are as
  follows
• Small Cell Lung Cancer(SCLC) (20-25 of all
  lung cancers)
• Non Small Cell Lung Cancer(NSCLC) (most common
  similar 80)
• a-Large Cell Carcinoma
• b-Adenocarcin Oma
• c-Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Causes and risk factor

• Gender
• Smoking history
• Active smoking85-87
• Passive smoking3-5
• Older age
• Presence of airflow obstruction
• Genetic predisposition
• Lung disease like T.B
• Family history

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Signs

• Early Signs

• Late Signs

• Cough/Chronic cough
• Dyspnoea
• Haemoptysis
• Chest/shoulder pain
• Recurring temperature
• Recurring respiratory infections

• Bone pain, spinal cord compression
• Chest pain/tightness
• Dysphagia
• Head and neck enema
• Blurred vision, headaches
• Weakness, anorexia , weight loss, cachexia
• Pleural effusion

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Treatment

• The three main cancer treatments are -
• a-Surgery(lung resections)
• b-Radiation therapy
• c-Chemotheraphy
• Other types of treatment that are used to treat
  certain cancers are hormonal therapy , biological
  therapy or stem cell transplant

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Prevention

• A-Primary
• - Avoid the use of tobacco smoke
• - Know environmental carcinogens that increase
  risk
• - Consuming Vitamin A, Vitamin E , Vitamin C
• B-Secondary
• - Aim is to early diagnose high risk
  populations via screening
• - Chest X-Ray , MRI , CT scans , sputum
  cytology
• C- Tertiary
• - Targeted at people who survived a cancer
  disease
• - Assists them to retain an optimal level of
  functioning regardless of their potential
  debilitating disease

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About Meddco

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