ENVS (primary paid baych class 1)

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(No Transcript)
2
Welcome to West Bengals 1st Learning Mate
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a.??? ?? ????????? ?????? 1. ??????????
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• ???????? ?????????? ?? ???
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• ???????? ???????????-
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1.?????- ?? ????? ?????? ???, ??????? ?????
??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? I ???? ???
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????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????????
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1. ??????????

1. ??????? ??????
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2. ?????????

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• d.???????? ??????(Halophytes) ?? ?????? ???? ???
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• ??????
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• 1.?????? ??? ????????
• 1.??????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????
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• 2.?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????
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• ???? ????,?????,???????? I

28
?????????
??????/ Reptiles
????/ Birds
???/ Fishes
????/ Amphibian
???????????/ Mammals
29
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• 5.???????????????????????? I
• 6.?????????????? ???? ??? I

31

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32

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33

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35
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• ??????? ? ??? ????
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39

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40
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• ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? I

44

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45
3.???? ??????????? ?????? l ???? ??????? ????
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46

• 4.?????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ??????
  ???? ??? I
• ???????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????
  ???? ?????? ?? ???????
• ???? ????? ??? ? ????? ???? I
• 5.??? ??? ??????? ?????? I ??? ???? ????????
  ???????? ??? ??? I
• 6.???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????
  ????? ???? ??? ??? l ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????
  ???? ????? ??? ???????? l
• ???????? ,??????, ???? ???? ,?????? ?????,
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• 7. ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? l
• ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????
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• ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ??
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47

• ?????? ??? ????? ?? I
• ?????????? ???? ????????? ???? I
• ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??
  ??? I
• ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????
• ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????I
• ??????? , ????? ,???????, ?????? ,???????
  ?????????? I

48
?????? ???What is microorganism?

• ???? ????? ?????? 0.1 mm ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????
  ??? I
• ??? ???????,???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? I
• 1674 ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????
  (Leeuwenhoek) ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????
  ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? I(Discovery)

49

• ????????? ?????? /Microscope
• ??? ???? ????????? ?????? (Simple Light
  Microscope)
• (??? ??????? 15-20 ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? )
• ????? ???? ????????? ??????(Compound Light
  Microscope)
• (??? ??????? 2000- 4000 ??? ??? ??? ??????
  ?????)
• ???????? ????????? ?????? (Electron Microscope)
• (??????? 50,000-3,00,000 ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????
  )

50

• ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
• 1) ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????
  ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? I
• 2) 1 ????? ?????? ?????? 100 ???? ?????? ???? I
• 3) ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????
• ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????
  
• 100 trillion ?????? ???? ?
• 4)???????, ??? ??????? ,???? ??????? ??? ??????,
  ???? ??? ,?????????, ???????????? ,????? ????
  ???????? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????? ,???????
  ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???? I

51

• ????????? ?????????
• 4I ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????
  ???????? ??? ,?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????????
  ????? ????? ????? ???? I
• ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? I(Low
  oxygen )
• 5I ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ????????
  ?????? ???? ???? I
• 6? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ????
  ,???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????
  ?????? ??? ,??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? I
• 7? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????
  ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??
  ???????? ??? ?????? (Stain) ??? ????????
  ????????(Staining) ????

52
?????? ??????
????? (algae)
?????? (virus)
???????????? (monera)
?????????? (protista)
?????? (Fungi)
53

• ???????? ????? ????????? ????????????(Relation
  between microorganisms with living world)
• 1)??????(Parasites) ????????? ?????? ???????
  ????? ??? I
• 2)???????? (Symbiotic) ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????
  ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? I
• ??? ????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????????,???????
  ??????? ???? ????????????,?????? I
• 3)???????(Saprophytes)??? ????? ???? ??????
  ?????????? ?????? I

54

• ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????
  I(Beneficial Harmful Microorganism)
• ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????
  I
• ???????????? ???? ??? ????? ,????? ,?????????
  ,????????, ??????? ,????? ???? ,??????????,
  ?????????? ??????? I
• ?????? ???? ??? ?????????????, ????,??? ,?????,
  ??????? ,?????????? ,?????? ????, ???? ????????
• ?????????? ???? ??? ?????????????? ???????????,
  ????????, ??????? ?????? ???????
• ?????? ???? ??? ??? ,???? , ???? ,??????? ,???
  -??? -??? -??? -???????? ???, ????? ??????? ??? I

55

• ???????? ??? ??????????
• ???????????(Disease causing Protozoa)
• ??????????? ??? ????????????? ??????????
  ,?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????
  ???
• ?????, ?????????? ??? ????????? ????????????? I
• ???????? ??? ??????????
• ??????(Disease causing Virus)
• ????????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? I
• AIDS HIV ?????? I
• ????? ????? ?????? I

56

• ??? ?????????? ??????(Disease causing Fungi)
• ????????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???
  ??? ????????? ???? ???? ,??????????????? ??? I
• ??????????, ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????
  ??????????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????
  ????????? ????? ????????? ??? I

57

• ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????
• ???? ????????(Agriculture)
• ????? ?????????????(Food Processing)
• ???? ???????????(Medicine)
• ???????? ???????????(Vaccine)
• ???? ???????????(Pollution Control)
• ???????? ????????(other purpose)

58

• ??????? ???????? ??????
• 1.????(Agriculture)
• ?????? ??? ???? ???????????? ?
  ??????????????????? ????? ???????????? ??????
  ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??????
  ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????
• ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????
  (Nitrogen fixing free living bacteria)
• ???????????????, ??????????????? ,?????????????
  ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???
  ??? ???? ? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????
  ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????????????? ?????
  ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ????????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? I

59

• ?????????? ??????????? ????????
  ?????????????(Nitrogen fixing symbiotic
  bacteria)
• ???????????, ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????
  ????????(???, ??? ,??? l) ???????? ???? ??????
  ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????
  ????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????
  ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? I

60

• ?????????? ??????????? ???????????
  ???????????????????(Nitrogen fixing free living
  cyano bacteria)
• ??????,?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????
  ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? I
• ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????????????
  ???
• ?? ???? ????????????????? ??????? ??? ??? I
• ?????????? ??????????? ????????
  ???????????????????(Nitrogen fixing symbiotic
  bacteria)
• ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????????
  ??????????????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????
  ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? I
• ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????
  ??????? ??? ??? i

61

• ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? (Mycorrhiza
  as a biofertilizer)
• ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????
  ?????????? ??? I
• ?????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????????
  ???? ,?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ,????
  ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????
  ??? I

62

• ??????? ????? ??????????(Biological control of
  pest)
• ????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????
  ????
• ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????
  ??????????? ????????
• Example- Bt- cotton,Bt-Brinjal.
• ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????
  ??????(NPV),?????????? ??????,
• ????????????? ???????????? ??????(CPV) I
• ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????
  ???????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???????
  ?????? ???? ??? I
• ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??????
  ????????????? ,????????? ?????? ????? ????
  ???????????? ?????? ???? ??? I

63

• 2.????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????( food
  processing)
• ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ,????,????
  ?????? ??????? ??? I
• (Lactobacillus sp)
• ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ????????????
  ????????? ??? ,??? ,??????? ,?? ????? ??????
  ????? (Baker's yeast is of the species Saccharomyc
  es cerevisiae)
• ??????? , ????????? ? ??????? ? ???? ?? ????????
  ?????? ?????
• ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? l

64

• 3.???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????(medicine )
• ???????????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????
  ???? I
• ??????????? ??????? ????? ????????????????
  ????????? ???????? ????????
• ???? ???????????????, ???????????? ,????????? ??
  ?? ???? ?????????????????? ???????? ???????
• ???????? ??????????? ??????? 1928 ????????????
  ???????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????
  ???????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????

65

• 4.???????? (vaccine )
• ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????
  ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???
  ?? ??? ??????????? I ???????????, ????? ????
  ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????
  ??? ???? ??? ??????????? I
• ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????
  ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?
  ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???
  ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ???
• ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? I
• ?????? MMR,DPT,DT,DP, ????? ???????? I

66

• 5. ???? ??????????? (pollution control)
• ?????? ??? ????? ? ???????? ???????? l
• ?????? ?? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????
  l
• ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????
  ????? ???? ??? l?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??
  ??????? ??? l
• ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???-?????????
  ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ?? l
• ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????
  ??? ???? ???????????? l

67

• 6. ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????( other
  purpose)
• ????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ,??????? ???? ,???????????
  ???????????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????
  ????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???
  I
• ?????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???????
  ??????? ????
• ??????? ?????????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ????
  ???? ??????? B 12 ???? ??? l
• ??????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ??? I

68

• Current affairs
• ???????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???????
  ???? ??? ?? ????? ????????????? ??????? l
  (Haloarchaea)
• ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????-?????? ??????? ????????
  l ??? ???? ??????? ???????? l
• ???????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????
  ??????? ??? l
• ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ????
  ??? ???????????? ????????? ?? l
• ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
  ??????????? l
• ???????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????
  ???? ??? ??? ?? Schizothorax l

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69
(No Transcript)