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Evaluation of different plant growth hormones
against PLRV and tuber yield

• Arslan
• 2015-ag-6596
• B.Sc. (Hons.) Agri.Sciences
• Department of Plant Pathology
• University of Agriculture, Faisalabad

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Introduction

• Family Solanaceae
• Potato Solanum tuberosum
• 4th largest food crop in world after  Wheat,
  Rice and Maize.
• China, India and Russia are the most potato
  producing countries in world (FAOSTAT , 2014).

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Production

• Area
• Worldwide 1.9 million ha
• Pakistan 0.17 million ha
• Production
• Worldwide 388.19 million tonnes
• (FAO, 2017)
• Pakistan 4.1 million tonnes (FAO, 2017)
• Losses in Pakistan 70-80
• (Waqar et al.,2013)

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Nutritional Value
Amount per 100 grams Amount in grams Daily value
Energy 322 KJ
Water 79
Carbohydrates 17 9
Fibers 2.2 8
Protein 2.0
Sugar 0.78
Vitamin C 19.7 mg 45
Calcium 12 mg 2
Iron 0.78 mg 6
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Common Diseases
Common Scab
Late Blight
Cyst Nematode
Potato leaf roll virus
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Objectives

• Screening of Potato cultivars against Potato leaf
  roll virus (PLRV)
• Management PLRV by plant growth hormones
• Learning of other Techniques
• ELISA
• Tissue Culture

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Etiology

• Causal Organism Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV)
• Genus Polerovirus 
•  Family Luteoviridae
• Group () ssRNA

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Transformation

• Vector Aphids (Myzus persicae) in persistent
  manner
• Losses 75 (Abbas et al., 2016)
• Mechanical transmission through grafting

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Epidemiology

• Out of 32 threatening viruses PLRV is an
  important one
• Warm and humid conditions are favorable
• The optimal temperatures 13 - 19 ? C
• Humidity 65-85

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Symptoms of PLRV
Inward rolling
Yellowing of leaves
Purplish color
Diseased tuber
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Material and Method

• Experimental design RCBD
• Date of sowing Nov 29, 2018
• No. of varieties 05
• No. of replication 03
• No. of treatments 05
• T1 Gibberellic acid
• T2 3-Indole Butyric acid
• T3 Gibberellic acid 3-Indole Butyric acid
• T4 NPK Solution
• T5 Control

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Lines/ plantlets
Sr. No. Varieties
V1 Cardinal
V2 Koroda
V3 SR
V4 Mosica
V5 AS
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Collection of nurseryNursery was collected from
the tissue culture lab of plant virology section

• Transplantation of Nursery
• Nursery was transplanted when soil became smooth
  and ready
• Cultural practices
• A complete care practices were taken before and
  after transplantation of nursery

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Foliar Application of Hormones
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Data collection

• After the appearance of diseases on the potato
  trial the data regarding disease incidence was
  collected on a weekly basis from both trails
  (management and Screening) using the formula
• Disease Incidence (D.I) No. of infected plants/
  unit area 100
• Total
  no. of plants/ unit area

Rating scale percentages Reactions Description
0 0 Immune No symptoms
1 1-20 R Rolling of leaves in case of primary infection and lower leaves in case of secondary infection, erect growth
2 21-35 MR Rolling of leaves extending, leaves become stiff and leathery, stunting of plants and erect growth
3 36-50 MS Short internodes, papery sound of leathery leaves, rolling and stunting of whole plants. Young buds are slightly yellowish and purplish.
4 51-70 S Clear rolling of leaves, severe stunting, few tubers and tuber necrosis
5 gt75 HS All above symptoms and small number of small sized tubers.


(Islam et al., 2015)
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Screening Results
Sr. No. Varieties Diseases Incidence Reaction Micro tubers Weight (gm)
1 Cardinal 3.86 R 708 6000
2 AS 13.39 MR 35 90
3 Mosica 30.90 MR 38 90
4 Koroda 31.49 MR 591 950
5 SR 45.12 MS 103 250
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Disease Incidence
45.12
31.49
30.90
13.39
3.86
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Number of Micro tubers
708
591
109
38
35
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Weight of Micro Tubers
6000 g
950 g
250g
90 g
90 g
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Management Results of D.I
Test variety 1 (SR)
Sr. No. Treatments D.I age Micro tubers Weight (gm)
1 T1 IBA 33.49 641 1000
2 T2 GA3 5.86 758 6050
3 T3 GA3 3IBA 15.39 153 300
4 T4 NPK Solution 32.90 88 100
5 T5 Control 47.12 85 95
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Disease Incidence
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Number of Micro tubers
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Weight of micro tubers
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Other performed activities

• ELISA
• Tissue Culture Technique
• Symptom identification of different diseases
• Different methods of mechanical Inoculation of
  plant virus

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Conclusion

• Cardinal variety is found to be resistant against
  the PLRV showing 3.86 of disease incidence,
  maximum number of tubers and highest weight
• Cardinal gt AS gt Mosica gt koroda gt SR
• Gibberellic acid showed minimum disease incidence
  with maximum number of tubers and highest weight
• GA3 gt 3IBA gt GA3 3IBA gt NPK gt Control
• ELISA was performed to confirm the CTV in
  collected samples
• Tissue culture technique was performed in order
  to produce virus free pre-basic seeds

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