Flow Cytometry and its Role in Preclinical Studies

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Flow Cytometry and its Role in Preclinical
Studies

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Flow Cytometry 

• Flow cytometry is a semi-quantitative technique
  in
• biotechnology used for cell counting, cell
  sorting, biomarker 
• detection, and protein engineering.
• The technique is commonly used to monitor the
  immune
• response by measuring the frequency and
  functionality of
• different immune cells. The instrument used is
  known as
• flow cytometer.
• The cells stained with specific
  fluorochrome-conjugated
• antibodies are passed through the flow cytometer
  to analyze the
• frequency and other properties of the cells.

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Various uses of Flow Cytometry in Preclinical
Studies
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1) The Samples

• Flow cytometers can measure a single cell
  suspension ranging from the immune cells of the
  blood to the tissue culture cells and antibodies
  that can bind immune
• molecules like cytokines.
• Simultaneously, they can also measure multiple
  cell
• types and differentiate them based on size and
• granularity.

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2) The Staining Panel

• Flow cytometry utilizes fluorochrome-conjugated
• antibodies. Several fluorochromes and
  fluorochrome
• combinations have been identified that attach to
  the
• specific antibodies and emit photons at discrete
• wavelengths.
• Thus, each antibody can be utilized to recognize
  a
• specific molecule on the cells surface or
  interior, and
• thus detect a specific cell population. There are
  different fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies for
  immune cell
• markers in different species such as humans,
  mouse,
• primates, etc.

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How do Flow Cytometers Work?
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• Flow cytometers use lasers to measure the cells
• labelled with fluorochrome antibodies. They
  direct
• lasers at specific wavelengths at a stream of
• individual cells stained with fluorescent
  antibodies.
• These cells travel through the flow cytometer in
  a
• liquid called sheath fluid.
• The flow cytometers emit multiple lasers at
• different wavelengths to measure a variety of
• fluorochromes. The laser excites
• fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies bound to the
• cells.

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• This results in the movement of electrons from
  the
• fluorescent molecules to a higher energy state
  for a
• short period after which they return to their
  ground
• state.
• The laser also results in the emission of photons
  at a higher wavelength from the
  fluorochrome-conjugated
• antibodies. These photons pass through the
  filters to
• reach an appropriate detector.
• They are further converted into a voltage and all
  this event is captured by computer software.

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• The software analyses these events and the data
  is
• represented to show different cell parameters
  like
• size, shape, granularity, and frequency of
• antibody-labelled cells.
• There are different types of flow cytometers with
  
• different lasers and emission detectors, but each
  
• cytometer has a unique configuration of
  excitation
• and emission parameters.
• And this must be considered while selecting the
• antibodies for a staining panel.

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Flow cytometry is used to perform different
procedures including,

• Cell counting
• Cell sorting
• Detection of biomarkers
• Protein engineering

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• By adding flow cytometry to your 
• preclinical research program, you can really
• propel it forward faster, save time in analyzing
  the
• samples and get to work with flow cytometry
• professionals.
• Working with flow cytometry professionals from
  specialized contract research organizations will
• ensure you get the expertise required for your
• preclinical studies.

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To Know More

• Contact Us
• Email ID project_at_cognibrain.com
• Phone [phone]
• Visit us https//www.cognibrain.com/