Hypoparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and more - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Hypoparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and more

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Hypoparathyroidism is a rare condition in which the body releases unusually low levels of parathyroid hormone. They play a crucial role in regulating and maintaining a balance of your body's levels of calcium and phosphorus. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hypoparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and more


1
Hypoparathyroidism
2
Hypoparathyroidism
  • Hypoparathyroidism is a rare condition in which
    the body releases unusually low levels
    of parathyroid hormone. They play a crucial role
    in regulating and maintaining a balance of your
    body's levels of calcium and phosphorus. Low
    production of hormones in hypoparathyroidism
    leads to peculiarly low ionized calcium levels in
    your blood and bones and a rise of serum
    phosphorus. 

3
Factors causing hypoparathyroidism
  • The low production of parathyroid hormones
    results in low calcium levels in your blood and
    bones and an increase of serum phosphorus. Causes
    of hypoparathyroidism include 
  • Acquired hypoparathyroidism This most common
    cause of hypoparathyroidism develops after damage
    to the parathyroid glands either because or
    surgery or accident. For the diseases of the
    nearby thyroid gland, throat cancer or neck
    cancer, the surgery may be the only treatment.
  • Autoimmune disease This is a condition where
    your immune system creates antibodies against the
    parathyroid tissues and attacks them as if they
    were foreign bodies. The result of this is that
    parathyroid glands stop manufacturing their
    hormone.

4
Factors causing hypoparathyroidism
Contniue
  • Hereditary hypoparathyroidism In this condition,
    either the parathyroid glands are absent at birth
    or they dont function properly. Certain kinds of
    hereditary hypoparathyroidism are linked with
    deficiencies of other hormone-producing glands.
  • Radiation treatment In some cases, radiation can
    result in destruction of your parathyroid glands,
    so as the radioactive iodine treatment for hyperth
    yroidism.
  • Low levels of magnesium in your blood Low levels
    of magnesium can interfere with the functionality
    of your parathyroid glands. Normal serum
    magnesium levels are mandatory for optimum
    secretion of parathyroid hormone.

5
Symptoms
  • Signs and symptoms of hypoparathyroidism may
    include 
  • Burning sensation in your fingertips, toes and
    lips
  • Cramping of legs, feet, abdomen or face
  • Spasms of your muscles, particularly around your
    mouth, but also in your hands, arms and throat
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Painful menstruation
  • Patchy hair loss, such as thinning of your
    eyebrows
  • Dry, coarse skin
  • Brittle nails
  • Headaches
  • Depression, mood swings
  • Memory problems

6
Treatment
  • The objective of the treatment is to minimize
    symptoms and stabilize levels of calcium and
    phosphorus in your body. It may include 
  • Oral calcium supplements can increase calcium
    levels in your blood. But a high dose can cause
    gastrointestinal side effects like constipation.
  • High doses of vitamin D can help your body absorb
    calcium and eliminate phosphorus.
  • A diet rich in calcium can help the cause. Eat a
    lot of dairy products, green leafy vegetables,
    broccoli, kale, and fortified orange juice and
    breakfast cereals.
  • Remember to avoid carbonated soft drinks, which
    contain phosphorus in the form of phosphoric
    acid, and restricting eggs and meats.

7
Treatment
Continue
  • Your endocrinologist will regularly check your
    blood to keep an eye on the levels
    of calcium and phosphorus. At first, these tests
    will probably be weekly to monthly. Eventually,
    you'll need blood tests just twice a year.
  • People suffering from hypoparathyroidism can
    control their symptoms if given appropriate
    treatment regularly. Early diagnosis and
    treatment can help prevent complications of
    hypoparathyroidism.

8
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