HIV/AIDS-“Not a communicable disease

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HIV/AIDS-Not a communicable disease
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HIV/AIDS-Not a communicable disease

• Human immune deficiency virus/Acquired
  immunodeficiency syndromeis a spectrum of
  conditions caused by Human deficiency virus(HIV).
  HIV virus suppresses the immune system of our
  body hugely by affecting the T cells and
  destroying them. T cells are the most important
  warrior of our body to fight infection. With very
  less immune to other infections, our body becomes
  susceptible to all possible conditions of any
  other diseases.
• After initial infection, HIV viruses reproduces
  very fast, and the body may show certain
  influenza like symptoms in response to that
  infection, as out immune system produces HIV
  antibodies.
• HIV can show no symptoms after the initial
  infection from certain months to even many years
  to decades.
• In 2015 there are around 37.2 million people
  living with HIV/AIDS and resulted in a 1.2
  million death, mostly in the sub-Saharan Africa.
• Since HIV was discovered, 78 million people have
  contracted HIV, and AIDS has claimed 35 million
  lives

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Symptoms of HIV /AIDS

• The first phase of the infection is known as
  acute phase. Most people experience influenza like
  symptoms post 2-4 weeks after infection, whether
  some people don't have any symptoms. These
  symptoms include
• Fever
• Swollen lymph glands
• Several aches and pains
• After initial stage, a stage of latency occurs
  where the HIV infection last in the body for many
  years without showing any signs or symptoms.
  Without treatment, the HIV infection can acquire
  the form of AIDS must faster than people
  undergoing any treatment.

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Symptoms of HIV /AIDS
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• In AIDS, the immune system of our body is acutely
  compromised, so people have high tendency to get
  certain diseases which are
• Candidiasis
• tuberculosis
• cytomegalovirus (CMV), a type of herpes virus
• cryptococcal meningitis
• toxoplasmosis, and infection caused by a parasite
• cryptosporidiosis, an infection caused by an
  intestinal parasite
• cancer, mostly which are caused by viruses such
  as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and lymphoma
• kidney disease

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Symptoms of HIV /AIDS
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• Symptoms of AIDS can include
• recurrent fever
• chronic swollen lymph glands, especially of the
  armpits, neck, and groin
• night sweats
• dark splotches under the skin or inside the
  mouth, nose, or eyelids
• sores, spots, or lesions of the mouth and tongue,
  genitals, or anus
• recurrent or chronic diarrhea
• rapid weight loss
• neurologic problems such as difficulty
  concentrating, memory loss, and confusion
• anxiety and depression

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Causes of HIV/AIDS

• HIV can only be transferred from one person to
  another by bodily fluids, such as
• Blood
• Semen
• Vaginal fluids
• Breast milk
• HIV doesn't spread by
• skin-to-skin contact
• hugging or shaking hands
• air or water
• eating or drinking items, including drinking
  fountains
• saliva, tears, or sweat (unless mixed with blood
  from an infected person)
• sharing a toilet, towels, or bedding
• mosquitoes or other insects

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Causes of HIV/AIDS
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• HIV/AIDS is only caused by HIV virus, which can
  spread from one person to another by bodily
  fluids.
• HIV can be transferred from mother to child
  during pregnancy, but treatment can reduce the
  risk.
• HIV can be transferred from a infected person to
  a healthy person by blood transfusion and sexual
  contact.

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Treatment for HIV

• There is no cure for HIV. No vaccine also which
  can reduce the risk to this disease.
• But antiviral therapy is given to the patients
  which can reduce the symptoms and help in
  improving the immune system.

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Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS

• During the few months of infection antibody
  result may come false negative, as the immune
  cells may not form the antibodies in that period.
• Most people develop antibodies in 21 to 87 days
  of period antibodies for HIV are tested for in
  the blood sample, which may confirm the
  infection.
• Other test include nucleic acid test, which look
  for the virus for itself in the blood.
• HIV  patients are isolated from the society,
  which make them more vulnerable to the disease.
  It is not a communicable disease till someone
  doesn't share the bodily fluids with anyone
  he/she cannot get infected. HIV affected people
  should be accepted by people and help them
  overcome their deadly disease.
• Certain precautions during blood transfusion or
  sexual contact can decrease the risk of this
  disease.

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