Green Oxidation

1
(No Transcript)
2
INTRODUCTION Green, sustainable
chemistry involves the design of
chemicalprocesses with a view to reduce or even
eliminate the use andproduction of hazardous
materials. Recent endeavors havefocused on
limiting the use of organic solvents and
replacingthem with new, environmentally benign
reaction media. Thechemical industry is
interested in these cost-effective,
alternativesolvents and processes based on the
green route. Manytechnologies such as the use of
metal catalysts, supercritical CO2, microwave
technology, ultrasound technology,
electrochemistry, and the use of ionic liquids
have been explored in the past to make the
chemical processes green. These processes have
been used either alone or in combination.
3
Electron Transfer Reactions

• Oxidation LOSS of one or more electrons.
• Reduction GAIN of one or more electrons

4
Electron Transfer Reactions

• Oxidation reduction always occur together.
• Electrons travel from what is oxidized towards
• what is reduced.
• One atom loses e-, the other gains e-

5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
Pillared Clay Catalysts in Green Oxidation
9
Methods for the encapsulation of Mn(III) salen
complex into an alumina-pillaredclay.
10
Styrene epoxidation
11
Epoxidation of alkene
12
Two oxidation mechanismswere taking place with
synthetic saponite catalysts, and that there was
a competitionbetween the metal-oxo and the
radical species
13
(No Transcript)
14
Oxidative ketonization of olefins
15
synthetic saponite with Mg2 as octahedralcation
in an important oxidationreaction, the
BaeyerVilliger oxidation of ketones.
16
Benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, and benzyl
benzoate can be obtained from benzylalcohol
oxidation. Benzaldehyde is used in the
pharmaceutical industry and maybe utilized as raw
material i n t he manufacture of
herbicides.
17
Amine Oxidation
18
Sulfoxidation
19
Tetraamido macrocyclic ligands (TAML)
that,coordinated with a transition metal,
effectively catalyze hydrogen peroxide oxidation
20
Using the TAMLcatalysts lowers
temperature and time requirements for the
bleaching process. For the pulp and paper
industry, this adds up to huge energy savings.
21
The TAML oxidant activators have beenskillfully
developed over the past 20 years to optimize the
oxidation of compounds by hydrogen peroxid.
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
TAML complex FeIIIC6H4-1,2-(NCOCMe2NCO)2CMe2OH2
- is oxidized by H2O2 or tBuOOH in water at pH
lt 10 into the corresponding iron(IV)
µ-oxo-bridged dimer , which oxidizes readily
ring-substituted thioanisoles.
25
Oxidation of methyl aryl sulfides by TAML
26
(No Transcript)
27
Oxidation of hydrosilanes catalyzed by MnO2Au
NPs.
28
(No Transcript)
29
Cyclodimeric copper(II) complexes
containing1,4-bis(dimethyl(quinolin-3-yl)silyl)ben
zene for catechol oxidation
30
Ultrasound-Accelerated Green and Selective
Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides

31
Silica-Based Magnetic Manganese Nanocatalyst -
Applications in the Oxidation of Organic Halides
and Alcohols
32
Oxidation of Organic Halides to Corresponding
Aldehydes/Ketones
33
. Oxidation of Alcohols to Corresponding
Aldehydes/Ketones
34
Plausible mechanism for the oxidation of
benzyl bromidewith H2O2 catalyzed by Mn
-Ac_at_ASMNP
35
Green Oxidation of Menthol Enantiomers
36
Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation Using a Copper(I)/TEMPO
CatalystSystem
37
Simplified Catalytic Cycle for the
AerobicOxidation of Benzyl Alcohols Using a
Cu/TEMPOCatalyst System
38
The traditional route for the synthesis of
adipic acid and the new greener method, with
less waste and recycling. In the second method W
salts are used which can be recycled.
39
Cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol are oxidized to
adipic acid in high yield with aqueous 30 H2O2
in the presence of H2WO4 as a catalyst under
organic solvent
40
(No Transcript)