CHILD LABOUR

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GROUP MEMBERS

• Zainab Malik
• Maimoona Ahsan
• Sobia Shahzadi
• Huma Abbasi
• Hannan Altaf
• Hafsa Qayyum

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WHAT IS CHILD LABOUR

• Child labour is when a person below 15 years of
  age is doing work that is depriving them of their
  childhood, their potential and their dignity -
  when the work is harming their physical and
  mental development. When a child is forced to
  leave school or combine schooling and work or
  when they are getting sick from the kind of work
  that they do this is considered child labour.

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CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR

• Poverty
• Culture and tradition
• Barriers to education
• Market demand
• The effects of income shocks on households
• Lack of legislation and/or poor enforcement of
  existing legislation
• PARENTAL ILLITERACY.

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POVERTY

• POVERTY IS THE BASIC REASON AND DRIVING FORCE
  THAR COMPELS THESE CHILDREN TO WORK LIKE LABOURS
  AND EARN A LITTLE MONEY AT THE END OF THE DAY.
  THE BAD FINANCIAL CONDITION UP-THRUST TO THE
  PROBLEM OF CHILD LABOUR.

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UNEMPLOYMENT OF ELDERS

• ANOTHER IMPORTANT REASON IS UNEMPLOYMENT WHICH
  FORCES THE PARENTS TO SEND THEIR CHILDREN TO WORK
  PLACES.
• DUE TO THE UNEMPLOYMENT ITS BECOME A COMPLUSION
  OF PARENTS TO MAKE THEIR CHILDREN TO WORK IN
  FACTORIES, SHOPS EVEN SELLING ITEMS ON STREETS.
• THERE ARE MANY CASES OF CHILD LABOUR WHERE A
  CHILD HAS TO WORK AGAINST THE REPAYMENT OF A
  LOAN WHICH WAS TAKEN BY HIS FATHER.

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EXCESS POPULATION

• EXCESS POPULATION IS ANOTHER BIG REASON OF CHILD
  LABOUR AS POPULATION IS INCREASING DAY BY DAY
  MOSTLY IN VILLAGES SO FOR FULFILLING THEIR BASIC
  NEEDS CHILDREN WERE COMPELLED TO DO WORK.
• THEY CONSIDER CHILDREN AS THEIR SOURCE OF INCOME
  AND THEY MAKE THEM TO WORK LIKE PULLING CARTS,
  REPAIRING MACHINES, WORK IN FACTORIES, SELLING
  GOODS ETC.

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TRADITION OF MAKING CHILDREN LEARN THE FAMILY
SKILLS

• CHILDREN ARE FORCE TO FOLLOW THE FOOTPRINTS OF
  THEIR PARENTS.
• THEY ARE TRAINED FROM THEIR CHILDHOOD IN THE
  PROFESSION THAT THE FAMILY HAS BEEN FOLLOWING
  SINCE AGES. SO THEY ARE UNABLE TO GET PRIMARY
  EDUCATION.
• CHILDREN ARE FORBIDDEN FROM DOING ANY OTHER WORK
  BECAUSE OF THIS THE CHILDREN OF LABOYRER START
  WORKING WITH THEIR PARENTS AT A VERY YOUNG AGE.

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PARENTAL ILLITERACY

• MANY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LIKE PAKISTAN, INDIA,
  BANGLADESH ETC.FACING A HUGE PROBLEM OF
  ILLITERACY. LOWER CLASS PEOPLE ARE MOSTLY
  ILLITERATE SO IT IS DIFFICULT FOR UNEDUCATED
  PARENTS TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION
  FOR THEIR CHILDREN.

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FAILURE OF LAW

• ANOTHHER MAIN REASON FOR THE PROMOTION OF CHILD
  LABOUR IS DUE TO THE FAILURE OF GOVERNMENT IN
  PRACTICING THE LAWS TO STOP CHILD LABOUR DUE TO
  WHICH CHILD LABOUR IS INCREASING DAY BY DAY.

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CONSEQUENCES OF CHILD LABOUR

• Deprives them of schooling or requires them to
  assume the multiple burden of schooling and work
• Jeopardises their health and safety high risk
  of illness and injuryeven death
• Affects their physical development (malnutrition,
  long working hours in bad conditions)
• Exposes them to physical and psychological abuse
  and violence which all have long term
  consequences
• Deprives them of their childhood and of their
  future

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Magnitude of child labourSectoral Distribution
of working Children In 2008
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Where Does Most Child Labour Occur?

• 61 In Asia, 32 In Africa And 7 In Latin
  America, 1 In US, Canada, Europe And Other
  Wealthy Nations.
• In Asia, 22 Of The Work Force Is Children.
• In Latin America , 17 Of The Work Force Is
  Children 246 Million Child Workers Aged 5 And 17
  Were Involved In Child Labour.
• Out Of Which 171 Million Were Involved In Work
  That By Its Nature Is Hazardous.

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According To Certain Experts Approximately 10
Million Bonded Children Labourers Are Working As
Dome In South Asia.Beyond This There Are Almost
55 Million Bonded Child Labourers Hired Across
Various Other Industries.Less Than 5 Of Child
Labourer Make Products For Export To Other
Countries.
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CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN

• PAKISTAN IS AMONGST THE TOP TEN COUNTRIES HAVING
  THE ISSUE OF CHILD LABOUR.
• CHILDREN 5-15 I N PAKISTAN ARE ABOVE 40 MILLION.
• 50 OF THESE ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE CHILDREN ARE IN
  AGE GROUP OF 5 TO 9 YEARS.
• ACCORDING TO RESEARCH 2.7 MILLION CHILDREN ARE
  WORKING IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR.
• 73 OF THEM ARE BOYS AND THE REST ARE GIRLS.

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Working area of child labour
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AGRICULTURE CARPET WEAVINGSOCCER BALLS
AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOPSSTONE/MARBLE CUTTING
MIXING PESTICIDESDEEP FISHINGGLASS
FACTORYHOTEL WORK TEXTILE FACTORY
WORKSTREET WORK AND MUCH MORE
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CARPET WEAVING

• MOST POPULAR EXPORT FROM PAKISTAN.
• SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 500,000,1 MILLION PAKISTANI
  CHILDREN WORK AS FULL-TIME CARPET WEAVERS.

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AGRICULTURAL WORK

• Nearly 70 OF child laborers, work in
  agricultural workers frequently work for long
  hours in scorching heat haul heavy loads of
  produce are exposed to toxic pesticides.

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SOCCER BALLS

• About half the worlds soccer balls are made in
  Pakistan.
• 35 million soccer balls are made in Pakistan and
  children make a quarter of them.

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AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOPS

• In one automobile workshops of 150 working
  children, 120 of them worked from 8-10 working
  without any safety measures.

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Effects of child labour

• Child labour forces some children to steal
  things from other to satisfy their daily living.
• Child labour deprives a child from the basic
  rights of education.
• Children working in engine repair factory are
  mentally effected as their red cells were mutated
  and effects the mental development of children.
• In automobile industry its an unsafe, polluted
  environments and children suffered from
  headaches, nasal, irritations, sore throats and
  skin rashes.
• High rates of injuries while working with knives,
  sharp tools, and other heavy equipment.

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LAWS AND PROHIBITIONS

• The employee children act 1991.
• The bonded labour system abolition act, 1992.
• It includes prohibition of employment of children
  in certain occupations and processes.
• No child shall be employed or permitted to work
  in any of the occupations which are hazardous by
  its nature.

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WORLD DAY AGAINST CHILD LABOUR

• On 12 June, people around the world join hands to
  mark the world day against child labour to raise
  awareness and contribute to ending child labour.

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What can WE DO AS A PERSON TO STOP CHILD LABOUR

• To donate funds in NGOs working for
  rehabilitation of street children.
• To make the rural people aware about the benefits
  of education.
• To provide free education for the orphans.
• To contact NGOs and make them aware about child
  labour happening in our society.
• To start campaign against child labour.
• Be a responsible citizen and ensure you do not
  employ child labour.
• Help the government to stop child labour.

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SUGGESTION

• Awareness must be raised and parents should pay
  attention to the education of their children.
• child labour laws should be strictly put into
  practice , and then our country can easily get
  rid of this problem.
• Education should be distribute free of cost, give
  flame to the candle of education and distribute
  the light of knowledge among the people.

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CONCLUSION

• Child labours are working not the choice of their
  own. They are the victims of their circumstances
  and we are taking benefits of their compulsions.
  And this problem of child labour continues to
  pose a challenge before the nation . Government
  has been taking various pro-active measures to
  tackle this problem. However , considering the
  magnitude and extent of the problem and that it
  is essentially a socio-economic problem
  inextricably linked to poverty and illiteracy, it
  requires concerned efforts from all society to
  make a dent in the problem. Child labour can be
  controlled if the government functions
  effectively with the support of the public.

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