Elements of Design

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Elements of Design

• Color, Shape, Line and Texture

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Shape

• The overall shape of a garment is its form or
  silhouette, its overall outline.
• The shape is created by the cut and construction
  of a garment.

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Shape

• Clothes can reveal or disguise the natural body
  contour.
• Clothing shapes that are most flattering to a
  person emphasize his or her good features and
  hide the less attractive ones.

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Using Shape in Clothing

• To look larger
• wide, full shapes

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Using Shape in Clothing

• Look smaller
• trim, compact silhouettes

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Using Shape in Clothing
Look taller straight tubular shapes
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Using Shape in Clothing

• Form fitting clothes reveal any unattractive
  contours a body might have.

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LINE

• A distinct, elongated mark as if drawn by a
  pencil. Eyes follow lines up, down, side to side
  or around.

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Line Types

• Straight - bold and severe, suggest dignity,
  power and formality.

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Straight Lines

• The straight line is seen in the light blue, blue
  and tan stripes going across the T-shirt.

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Line Types

• Curved - rounded, circular or flattened out.
• increase the size and shape of the figure
• give a soft, gentle, youthful, charming, graceful
  and flowing feeling.

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Curved Lines

• The curved line is seen in the inner and outer
  edges of the collar.

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Line Types

• Jagged - change direction abruptly and with sharp
  points.
• For fun/ not serious events
• can create a jumpy confused feeling if overused.

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Jagged Lines

• The jagged line is seen around the edges of
  the black diamond shape in this blouse.

The jagged line is seen in the design, knitted
into this sweater, across the chest and arms.
15
Vertical Line Directions

• Vertical - up and down
• gives the impression of being taller/thinner.
• gives a feeling of dignity, strength, poise and
  sophistication.
• Blue vertical lines are seen in this mens dress
  shirt.

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Horizontal Line Directions

• Horizontal - from side to side, like the horizon
• gives the impression of being shorter and
  heavier.
• gives a relaxed and calm feeling, suggests rest
  and gentleness.

Red, white, gray and black horizontal lines are
seen in this sweater.
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Line Directions

• Diagonal - slanted, the degree it is slanted
  determines the visual effect on clothes.

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Diagonal Line

• The diagonal line is seen in the white line that
  goes from the shoulder to the waist of this
  garment.

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Diagonal Line
The diagonal has been created at the hem of
this skirt.
A diagonal line is created by the arrangement of
flowers in the fabric of this dress.
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Line Directions

• Horizontal Slant - adds width
• This pocket has a horizontal slant which adds
  width.

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Line Directions

• Vertical slant - adds height.

This pocket has a vertical slant
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Line Applications

• Structural - formed when parts of the garment are
  constructed. (darts, pockets, collar)

collar
placket
seam
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Structural Lines

• Structural lines are seen in knitted into the
  fabric of this garment.
• Structural lines are also seen in the button
  placket and row of buttons.

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Line Applications

• Decorative - Created by adding details to the
  surface of the clothing. (lace and trim)
• too much detail causes competition between the
  lines and creates confusion.

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Line creates many optical illusions
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I Illusion

• I illusion
• Vertical lines carrying the eye upward without an
  interruption will give the illusion of tallness.

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T Illusion

• The T illusion
• As soon as a horizontal line crosses a vertical
  line, the eye will move back and forth creating
  the illusion of heaviness in that area.
• The eye goes upward until the black fabric stops

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Y Illusions

• The Y illusion - creates the feeling of height
  as the eye is guided upward with nothing in its
  way to impede its motion.

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Upward Arrow Illusion

• the upward arrow takes the eye upward and then
  suddenly downward to create an illusion of less
  height.

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Size How the garment lines divide the figure

• Illusion of more height and thinness.
• Narrow center panel or button placket, vertical
  trimming, neck to hem closing or princess seam
  lines.

placket
Seam line
Narrow overall shape with vertical lines added
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Size How the garment lines divide the figure

• Illusion of larger, heavier figure.
• Widely spaced vertical lines
• large bold stripes
• large stripes, even vertical ones

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Size How the garment lines divide the figure

• Illusion of more body width and less height.
• Wide overall shape and horizontal effects
• full garment, uneven horizontal stripes,
  contrasting belt, square neckline.

Square neckline
Full shape
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Texture - the fabrics character

• The surface quality of goods.
• The quality of roughness, smoothness, glossiness
  or stiffness.
• Texture is determined by a fabrics fibers, yarns
  and method of construction.

• Structural Texture-is created when fabrics or
  garments are manufactured.
• Visual texture is printed onto the surface of
  fabrics or garments.

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Smooth Texture

• Smooth, flat textures make people look smaller

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Shiny Texture

• Shiny Textures make the body look larger because
  they reflect light.
• They make fabric colors look lighter and
  brighter, thus making the body look larger.

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Rough Texture

• Rough textures tend to subdue the colors of
  fabrics.

The texture of this jacket is fuzzy.
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Sheer Texture

• Sheer fabrics reveal the true body shape. It
  tends to soften the figure when used over a soft
  lining.

This blouse is sheer
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Dull texture

• Dull textures make a person appear smaller
  because they absorb light.
• The dull texture of the blouse and jeans, make
  the person appear smaller.

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Clinging, soft Texture

• Clinging, soft textures reveal the bodys true
  silhouette.
• This blouses soft texture, reveals its true

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Stiff, crisp Texture

• Stiff crisp textures make the total shape appear
  bigger because they stand away from the body.

This linen jacket makes the body appear larger
because it stands away from the body.
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Visual Texture

• A motif is one unit of a design that is usually
  repeated.

A small, overall print tends to make the wearer
look smaller.
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Visual Texture

• Large, bold patterns increase the apparent size
  of the wearer.

The large flowers on this dress, makes the wearer
appear larger.