Parabasalids and diplomonads'

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Parabasalids and diplomonads.
This is the motile feeding stage of a
parabasalid, Trichomonas vaginalis. It causes a
sexually transmitted disease in
humans. Trichonympha is a symbiont in guts of
Termites and cockroaches.
Genetic comparisons and absence of well-developed
mitochondria and some other organelles suggest
that the ancestors of parabasalids and
diplomonads were among the first eukaryotic
cells. They are heterotrophic flagellates.
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Parabasalids and diplomonads.
This diplomonad is Giardia, the curse of campers
Genetic comparisons and absence of well-developed
mitochondria and some other organelles suggest
that the ancestors of parabasalids and
diplomonads were among the first eukaryotic cells.
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Euglenoids and kinetoplastids
Euglena is a representative euglenoid
The majority of euglenoids are photoautotrophs. Th
ey have a unique thickened flagellum.
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Euglenoids and kinetoplastids
Trypanosoma is a kinetoplastid that causes
sleeping sickness
Most kinetoplastids are parasites. They have
unique thickened flagella.
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Foraminiferans and radiolarians
Foraminiferans and radiolarians are single-celled
hunters. They probe for food with hundreds of
pseudopods that extend through a perforated
shell.
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A living foram
Radiolarian shells
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Ciliated alveolates
Paramecium is typical of this group
Alveolates have unique arrays of small,
membrane-bound sacs beneath the plasma
membrane. Ciliates have cilia that function in
motility, feeding or both.
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Most ciliated alveolates are free-living
heterotrophs
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Flagellated alveolates
Dinoflagellates
All dinoflagellates deposit cellulose in their
alveoli. Most dinoflagellates have 2 flagella.
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Flagellated alveolates
Red tide of dinoflagellates
Some dinoflagellates tint the water red (after a
population explosion). Metabolic wastes from the
bloom can kill aquatic organisms.
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Flagellated Alveolates
The malaria parasite, Plasmodium is an apicoplexan
Apicoplexans are parasitic alveolates with a
unique microtubular device that attaches to and
pierces a host cell.
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Stramenopiles
Golden and yellow-green algae are photosynthetic
stramenopiles
Golden alga
Coccollithophore
Stramenopiles have flagella that bristle with
unique, tinsel-like filaments. The mostly
photosynthetic groups include golden algae,
coccollithophores, diatoms and brown algae.
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Stramenopiles
Diatoms (pastures of the sea)are photosynthetic
stramenopiles with silica shells.
Stramenopiles have flagella that bristle with
unique, tinsel-like filaments. The mostly
photosynthetic groups include golden algae,
coccollithophores, diatoms and brown algae.
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Photosynthetic Stramenopiles
Brown algae
Brown algae also make fucoxanthin. They range in
size from mcirscopic to giant kelp.
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The colorless Stramenopiles (Oomycotes)
Parasitic water mold that could destroy the wine
industry
Oomycotes are major decomposers. Many parasitic
types opportunistically destroy entire fields of
crops
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Red algae
Red algae from the Pacific ocean, off California
Most red algae are multicellular and marine. Of
all algae, they survive at the greatest depths,
owing to phycobillins that are the legacy of a
cyanobacterial endosymbiont.
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The Green Algae
A form of green algae
Green algae are photoautotrophs that are the
closest relatives of plants. Their forms and
life cycles are diverse.
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Various green algae
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The Amoebozoa
Amoeba
Amoebozoans are heterotrophs that move on
cytoplasmic extensions. Entamoeba histolytica
cysts infect people who drink water
contaminated with it (amoebic dysentery).
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The Amoebozoa
Plasmodial slime mold Physarum
Plasmodial slime molds, or myxomycetes, have a
conspicous plasmodial stage.
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The Amoebozoa
Life cycle of a cellular slime mold
Single, amoeba-like cells emerge from spores,
crawl and feed.
Pseudoplasmodium migrates to light, forms
fruiting body in which spores are produced
When food is scarce, cells aggregate into a
sluglike mass, the pseudoplasmodium.
Dictyostelium discoideum is typical of this group.