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Textile Mills in NE America. Adam Smith. Adam Smith ... Thought the 1920s urbanites were loose and naughty. Urban. City Life. Fast moving. Modern Ideas ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Term


1
Term
2
Term (restated)
  • Definition of the word
  • Application or Example

VISUAL To represent the idea
3
Rule of Law
4
Rule of Law
  • No one is above the law
  • Magna Carta-The Great Charter forced King John to
    submit to the law and succeeded in putting limits
    on feudal fees and duties.

5
Common Good
6
Common Good
  • Good for all, the advantage or benefit of
    everyone
  • The political decision that is the best for the
    greatest number of people.

7
Eminent Domain
8
Eminent Domain
  • The right of a government to seize private
    property for public use, in exchange for payment
    of fair market value
  • When the government needs to build a road they
    have to buy the property from the people, at a
    fair price, in order to build the road.

9
Marshall Law
10
Martial Law
  • When the military takes control of normal
    administration of justice.
  • After WWII Germany and Japan were under martial
    law or the southern US after the Civil War during
    Reconstruction.
  • Martial law can also be a bad thing when there is
    a military coup and the military overthrows the
    government.

11
Civil Rights
12
Civil Rights
  • Rights given to the people by the government.
    Many times these are also human or natural
    rights.
  • Rights to personal liberty established by the
    13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution
    and certain Congressional acts

13
Free Enterprise
14
Free Enterprise
  • The freedom of private businesses to operate
    competitively for profit with minimal government
    regulation.

15
Regulatory Agencies
16
Regulatory Agencies
  • independent governmental commission established
    by legislative act in order to set standards in a
    specific field of activity, or operations, in the
    private sector of the economy and to then enforce
    those standards. Regulatory agencies function
    outside executive supervision.
  • A government organization that monitors companies
    operating in a regulated industry

17
Supremacy Clause
18
Supremacy Clause
  • Clause in the constitution that says that
    whenever there is a dispute between a state and
    federal law the federal government wins.
  • The Constitution is the supreme law of the land!

19
Expressed Constitutional Power
20
Expressed Constitutional Power
  • Power of the president that is specifically
    written in the Constitution.
  • The presidents power to appoint an ambassador.
    The power of congress to coin money.

21
Reserved Constitutional Power
22
Reserved Constitutional Power
  • Powers given to the states that are not
    specifically granted to the federal government in
    the US Constitution.
  • Education, health, welfare, taxes all of these
    should be controlled by the states.

23
Concurrent Constitutional Powers
24
Concurrent Constitutional Powers
  • Powers granted to the national government by the
    Constitution, but not denied to the states.
  • The right to lay and collect taxes.

25
Implied Constitutional Powers
26
Implied Constitutional Powers
  • These are constitutional powers that are not
    specifically written in the constitution but they
    are implied.
  • Many concurrent powers (powers that both the
    state and national government share) are implied
    powers.

27
Prohibited Constitutional Powers
28
Prohibited Constitutional Powers
  • Powers prohibited to the states in the
    constitution.
  • No state shall make their own money or make any
    sort of treaty.

29
Federal Budget Process
30
Federal Budget Process
  • Both the House and the Senate decide how the
    money will be spent but all finance bills must
    originate in the House. The president starts the
    whole process by submitting a budget request.
  • If both houses do not pass the budget and/ or the
    presidents doesnt sign the budget the government
    can shut down.
  • Visual on next slide!!!

31
(No Transcript)
32
Social Security
33
Social Security
  • A system for providing pensions for many
    Americans age 65 and older. Started during the
    New Deal under FDR.
  • Older workers did not have to worry about being
    homeless once they became to old.

34
Checks and Balances
35
Checks and Balances
  • A system established by the constitution that
    prevents any branch of government from becoming
    to powerful
  • Judicial review- the supreme courts reviews a
    law to see a law is constitutional or not

36
Alf Landon
37
Alf Landon
  • Was an American Republican Politian, who served
    as Governor of Kansas from 1933-37. He was a
    Republican Presidential Nominee, who was defeated
    in a landslide by Franklin D. Roosevelt in the
    1936 presidential election.

38
New Deal
39
New Deal
  • A sequence of programs and promises Franklin D.
    Roosevelt made with the goal of giving reform to
    the people and economy of the United States
    during the Great Depression.
  • CCC, WPA, and Bank Holiday

40
Progressive Era
41
Progressive Era
  • Era of reform movements that focused on urban
    problems at the turn of the century.
  • Examples- poor sanitation, corrupt political
    machines, workers rights, election reform,
    education for all, womens suffrage.

42
Election Reforms
43
Election Reforms
  • 17th Amendment direct election of senators.
  • Initiative voters propose laws
  • Referendum voters can approve laws
  • Recall voters can remove elected officials.

44
Working Condition Reforms
45
Working Condition Reforms
  • Muckrakers get the ball rolling at the turn of
    the century
  • Minimum wage
  • Union rights
  • Safe working conditions
  • Workers Comp.

46
Muckrakers
47
Muckrakers
  • A term coined for journalists who exposed
    corruption and problems in society.
  • Upton Sinclair THE JUNGLE

48
Temperance
49
Temperance
  • Restraint in the use of or abstinence from
    alcoholic liquors.
  • Resulted in the 18th Amendment

50
Modern v. Tradition1920s
51
Modern v. Tradition1920s
52
Republic
53
Republic
  • A state in which the supreme power rests in the
    body of citizens entitled to vote and is
    exercised by representatives chosen directly or
    indirectly by them.

54
Democracy
55
Democracy
  • A system of government in which ultimate
    political authority is vested in the people.
  • Usually done with voting.
  • True democracy can only happen in small population

56
Constitutional Monarchy
57
Constitutional Monarchy
  • A monarchy in which the powers of the ruler are
    restricted to those granted under the
    constitution and laws of the nation.
  • Great Britain is an example the queen only has
    superficial power.

58
Parliamentary Democracy
59
Parliamentary Democracy
  • A democracy that has a parliament and a prime
    minister

60
Capitalism
61
Capitalism
  • An economic system in which the means of
    production and distribution are privately or
    corporately owned and development is
    proportionate to the accumulation and
    reinvestment of profits gained in a free market.
  • Opposite of Communism
  • Adam Smith

62
Fascism
63
Fascism
  • A governmental system led by a dictator having
    complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition
    and criticism, regimenting all industry,
    commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive
    nationalism and often racism.
  • Nazi Germany, Italy under Mussolini

64
Communism/ Socialism
65
Communism/ Socialism
  • A theory or system of social organization based
    on the holding of all property in common, actual
    ownership being ascribed to the community as a
    whole or to the state.
  • No Private Property
  • USSR and China

66
Tribal Government
67
Tribal Government
  • Native American government on reservations.

68
GDP (per capital)
69
GDP (per capital)
  • The total market value of all the goods and
    services produced within the borders of a nation
    during a specified period.

70
Traditional Economy
71
Traditional Economy
  • An economic system in which resources are
    allocated by inheritance, and which has a strong
    social network
  • Who you know and your last name matter more than
    how hard you work or how smart you are.

72
Market Economy
73
Market Economy
  • An economy that operates by voluntary exchange in
    a free market and is not planned or controlled by
    a central authority a capitalistic economy.
  • Buying and selling goods in the market place.

74
Mixed Economy
75
Mixed Economy
  • An economic system that allows for the
    simultaneous operation of publicly and privately
    owned enterprises.

76
Demand Economy
77
Demand Economy
  • Government decides how much to produce, who will
    produce it and how much it will cost.
  • Communism or Socialism

78
Supply and Demand
79
Supply and Demand
  • Demand means the quantity of a given article
    which would be taken at a given price.
  • Supply means the quantity of that article which
    could be had at that price.
  • Supply rises price goes down Demand rises
    prices goes up!

80
Equilibrium Price
81
Equilibrium Price
  • The price at which the quantity of a product
    offered is equal to the quantity of the product
    in demand.
  • The perfect price to balance supply and demand

82
Surplus Shortages
83
Surplus Shortages
  • Surplus too much of a good and price will go
    down.
  • Shortage not enough of a good and the price
    will ussually rise.

84
Comparative Advantage
85
Comparative Advantage
  • Concept that a country should specialize in
    producing and exporting only those goods and
    services which it can produce more efficiently
    than other goods and services.
  • China has a comparative advantage for producing
    sweatshirts because they have the raw materials
    and a surplus of low wage workers.

86
Opportunity Cost
87
Opportunity Cost
  • the cost of making an investment that is the
    difference between the return on one investment
    and the return on an alternative
  • The cost of buying a new car is more than just
    the money it the cost of not buying a new hot
    tub.

88
GATT
89
GATT
  • A United Nations agency created by a
    multinational treaty to promote trade by the
    reduction of tariffs and import quotas.

90
NAFTA
91
NAFTA
  • An agreement for free trade between the United
    States and Canada and Mexico
  • North American Free Trade Agreement.

92
Productive Resources
93
Productive Resources
  • The factors of production
  • The resources to produce goods and services.

94
Government Policy
95
Government Policy
96
Anti-trust Laws
97
Anti-trust Laws
  • Federal and state statutes designed to promote
    competition among businesses.
  • No monopolies, fair trade no secrets!

98
Farm Subsidies
99
Farm Subsidies
  • A farm subsidy is a form of support, usually
    money, given by a government to a farmer.
  • Money given to farmers to grow something else
    that the market needs or to not grow something so
    the price will not fall!

100
Industrial Revolution
101
Industrial Revolution
  • Rapid development of industry in the early 19th
    century through the introduction of machines as
    work became concentrated in factories, industrial
    towns grew around them.
  • Textile Mills in NE America

102
Adam Smith
103
Adam Smith
  • Considered the founding father of economics, Adam
    Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations, published in
    1776.
  • Capitailism

104
Malthus Ricardo
105
Malthus Ricardo
  • Malthus says that population is going to outgrow
    the food supply
  • Ricardo is an economic philosopher who became
    very rich through his investments

106
Karl Marx
107
Karl Marx
  • Father of communism
  • Thought that capitalism would produce internal
    tensions and lead to destruction.

108
Utopian Socialists
109
Utopian Socialists
  • Communities based on the principles that man kind
    can achieve ideal systems for living together.
  • Perfection!

110
Rise of the Working Class
111
Rise of the Working Class
  • More job opportunities were opening up.
  • More women were getting jobs.
  • Turn of the Century
  • Unions increase workers power.

112
Suffrage Movement
113
Suffrage Movement
  • Women gained the right to vote, being treated
    more equal to men.
  • Started by Susan B. Anthony
  • Alice Paul and Lucy Burns were other leaders
  • Women gained right to vote in Uk before US

114
Shakespeare
115
Shakespeare
  • Playwright from the 1600s
  • Regarded as the greatest writer in English
    history.

116
Platos Republic
117
Platos Republic
  • Play written in Ancient Greece by the great
    philosopher Plato who was a student of Socrates
  • Encouraged people to seek the TRUTH
  • Allegory of the Cave

118
Aristotles Forms of government
119
Aristotles Forms of government
  • Democracy
  • Rule by the people (who own property and who are
    educated)

120
Pericles
121
Pericles
  • Pericles was an influential and important leader
    of Athens during the Athenian Golden Age
  • He was responsible for a great many building
    projects which include most of the surviving
    structures on the Acropolis.

122
Thucydides
123
Thucydides
  • Ancient Greek historian
  • Thucydides has been regarded as the father of
    "scientific history"

124
Renaissance
125
Renaissance
  • The revival of learning and culture in Europe
    during the 14th- 17th Centuries
  • Great artist and thinkers.
  • Di Vinci
  • Michelangelo

126
Petrarch Machiavelli
127
Petrarch Machiavelli
  • Petrarch was an Italian scholar, poet, and one
    of the earliest Renaissance humanists.
  • Machiavelli was a Italian diplomat, musician,
    playwright. Key figure of
    the Italian
    Renaissance.

128
Michelangelo Di Vinci
129
Michelangelo
  • Michelangelo was an Italian Renaissance, painter,
    sculptor, architect and poet.
  • Typical Renaissance man.

130
Raphael
131
Raphael
  • Italian painter, and architect of the high
    renaissance.

132
Christianity
133
Christianity
  • A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices
    based on the Old Testament and the teachings of
    Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and
    emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

134
Hinduism
135
Hinduism
  • The world's third-largest religion.
  • Most Hindus recognize a single deity and view
    other gods and goddesses as manifestations of
    that supreme god
  • Practiced in India

136
Buddhism
137
Buddhism
  • World religion based on the spiritual teachings
    of Siddhartha Gautama Buddha.
  • People can reach Nirvana through meditation and
    following the 8 Fold path.
  • Began in India and spread through Asia over 2000
    years ago.

138
Taoism (Daoism)
139
Taoism (Daoism)
  • Philosophical system developed by Lao-tzu and
    Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and
    noninterference with the course of natural events
  • Started in China
  • Connection with Nature

140
Confucianism
141
Confucianism
  • The teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for
    humanity high value given to learning and to
    devotion to family, peace, justice, influenced
    the traditional culture of China
  • Focus on 5 relationship of people
  • Ruler and the ruled
  • Parent and Child
  • Man and Wife
  • Older Sibling and Younger Sibling
  • Friend and Friend

142
Enlightenment
143
Enlightenment
  • It is an age of optimism, tempered by the
    realistic recognition of the sad state of the
    human condition and the need for major reforms.
  • Europeans learn how to think!

144
EnlightenmentLocke
145
EnlightenmentLocke
  • Regarded as one of the most influential
    enlightenment thinkers.
  • His enlightenment ideas were influenced in the
    writing of the declaration of independence.
  • Life, Liberty and the right to own property!

146
EnlightenmentVoltaire
147
EnlightenmentVoltaire
  • A French enlightenment writer, philosopher.
  • Out spoken supporter of social reform

148
EnlightenmentMontesquieu
149
EnlightenmentMontesquieu
  • For his articulation of the theory of separation
    of powers.

150
EnlightenmentRousseau
151
EnlightenmentRousseau
  • His enlightenment ideas and political philosophy
    influenced the French Revolution.
  • Human Rights

152
EnlightenmentWollstonecraft
153
EnlightenmentWollstonecraft
  • English Woman Philosopher
  • Said that women were NOT naturally inferior to
    men
  • Mother of Mary Shelly author of Frankenstein

154
EnlightenmentNewton
155
EnlightenmentSir Issac Newton
  • Newton influenced the principles of conservation
    and momentum and angular momentum.
  • Gravity

156
Enlightenment Divine Clock Maker
157
EnlightenmentDivine Clock Maker
  • The idea that was embraced by Jefferson and many
    other enlightenment thinkers
  • God started the world but then she just let the
    clock run.
  • Says that God is not involved in our everyday
    life.

158
Ancient Greeks
159
Ancient Greeks
  • Ancient Greeks have immensely influenced politics
    (democracy), philosophy

160
Location of Suez Canal
161
Location of Suez Canal
  • One of the most important waterways in the world,
  • The Suez Canal runs north to south across the
    Isthmus of Suez in northeastern Egypt.
  • Connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea

162
Location of The Nile River
163
Location of The Nile River
  • The Nile is located in Northern Africa and runs
    through Egypt.
  • Stretches 3470 miles and is the longest river in
    the world.

164
Location ofThe Black Sea
165
Location ofThe Black Sea
  • Located in Eastern Europe. It is not directly
    connected to the Atlantic Ocean, but is connected
    to it through the Bosphorus Channel. It is a land
    locked sea being surrounded by Russia, Ukraine,
    Maldova, Romania, Bulgaria, and Turkey.
  • Connects to the Mediterranean by the city of
    Istanbul in Turkey.

166
Location of Sahel
167
Location of Sahel
  • The Sahel is a semi-arid tropical savanna
    eco-region in Africa, which forms the transition
    between the Sahara desert to the north and the
    more fertile region to the south.

168
Desertification
169
Desertification
  • The process of becoming a desert
  • As from land mismanagement or climate change

170
Earthquakes on the ring of fire
171
Earthquakes on the ring of fire
  • Belt-like region, roughly surrounding the Pacific
    Ocean, characterized by frequent volcanic and
    earthquake activity caused by the colliding of
    moving tectonic plates

172
Soil Degradation
173
Soil Degradation
  • Negative process often accelerated by human
    activities that leads to deterioration of soil
    properties and functions or destruction of soil
    as a whole.
  • Compaction, erosion, salinisation (salty soil).

174
Plate Tectonics
175
Plate Tectonics
  • Geologic theory that the bending and breaking of
    the solid surface of the earth results from the
    slow movement of large sections of that surface.

176
Climate Change
177
Climate Change
  • A significant change from one climatic condition
    to another.
  • Can be due to human destruction or just natural
    changes.

178
Free Trade Zones
179
Free Trade Zones
  • Special areas of a country where some normal
    trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas are
    eliminated in hopes of attracting new business
    and foreign investments.

180
Cultural Diffusion
181
Cultural Diffusion
  • The spread of cultural item such as ideas,
    styles, religions, etc. between individuals,
    whether within a single culture or from one
    culture to another.

182
Scopes Trial
183
Scopes Trial
  • American teacher who violated a state law by
    teaching the theory of evolution in a Tennessee
    high school.
  • ACLU fought against William Jennings Bryan in
    this landmark case
  • Teacher was found guilty and law stood until the
    1960s

184
Urban v. Rural Life
185
Urban v. Rural Life
186
Prohibition
187
Prohibition
  • A ban on alcohol that became a law in 1920s, ban
    was lifted in 1933.
  • 18th Amendment
  • Led to the rise of organized crime and a lack of
    respect for the government

188
Nativism
189
Nativism
  • The favoring of the interests of long-standing
    inhabitants of an area over those of newcomers.
  • Turn of the century anti Irish and Eastern
    European immigrants
  • Today Anti Mexican immigration

190
Modernism
191
Modernism
  • Each new generation must build on past styles in
    new ways or break with the past in order to make
    the next major historical contribution.

192
Harlem Renaissance
193
Harlem Renaissance
  • A blossoming of African American are and
    literature that began in the 1920s.
  • Jazz Age
  • Many great writers

194
Social Security
195
Social Security
  • A system for providing pensions (salaries) for
    many Americans age 65 and older.
  • Started during the New Deal Age.
  • Helps out older people and also opens up new jobs
    for young people.

196
Causes of the great Depression
197
Causes of the great Depression
  • Top 5 Causes
  • Stock market crashed
  • Bank failures
  • Reduction of purchasing
  • American Economic Policy with Europe
  • Drought Conditions
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