Sensor Networks Based on Biological Architectures - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 25
About This Presentation
Title:

Sensor Networks Based on Biological Architectures

Description:

... Based on. Biological Architectures. Scenarios. Planetary Exploration ... Century Planetary Exploration ' ... Exploration and mapping of topology, surface ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:49
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 26
Provided by: lar82
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Sensor Networks Based on Biological Architectures


1
Sensor Networks Based onBiological Architectures
2
Scenarios
Atmospheric Research
Planetary Exploration
Industrial Monitoring
3
Assumptions
  • Autonomous sensor network
  • Self-deploying, self-monitoring, self-repairing
  • Variety of functional devices
  • Carriers, data collectors and transmitters,
    sensors
  • Variety of sensor devices
  • Position sensors, cameras, temperature sensors,
    spectrometers, etc.

4
Properties of Biological Architectures
  • Self-Organization
  • Fault-tolerance Survivability
  • Evolution

5
Mechanisms of Biological Architectures
  • Migration
  • Birth/death Renewal
  • Diversity in Reproduction
  • Pheromone Communication
  • Food

6
Example 21st Century Planetary Exploration
The Mars Microprobe Project will demonstrate key
technologies for 21st century "network" missions,
in which multiple microprobes or landers,
released from a single spacecraft, will provide
comprehensive studies of dynamic, complex
phenomena, such as climate systems and seismic
activity. -NASA
7
Goals
  • Geographical mapping
  • Exploration and mapping of topology, surface
    conditions, density, etc.
  • Distributed sample/data collection
  • Collecting soil samples, images, atmospheric
    measurements, etc.
  • Finding target object types
  • Detecting water, minerals, geothermal activity,
    life, etc.
  • Performing experiments

8
Types of Sensor Agents
  • Oribiting station
  • Satellite orbiting station to accept commands
    from Earth and relay data back to Earth.
  • Base station(s)
  • Ground stations responsible for accepting and
    relaying data to orbiting station.
  • Carriers
  • Long-range vehicles which carry smaller agents.
  • Mappers
  • Rovers responsible for mapping the geographical
    topography
  • Local Positioning System (LPS) transmitters
  • Ad-hoc local transmitters (arranged in a
    triangular configuration)used to construct
    accurate positional information for other agents.
  • Mobile lab rovers
  • Rovers which conduct experiments.
  • Power sources
  • Agents which generate/provide power (solar,
    geothermal, battery, etc.)
  • Note that one physical device may be
    multi-functional, I.e., one physical device may
    be capable of performing more than one of the
    functions above.

9
Communication
  • Ad-hoc networking. Ability to relay information
    in an ad-hoc network, with dynamic upload
    stations and minimal centralized control.
  • Location awareness. Agents need to be aware of
    their positions relative to other agents, either
    through adjacent signal detection, or through a
    local positioning system (LPS).

10
Coordination
  • Coordination of diverse elements. System must be
    able to coordinate agents with diverse functions
    (as listed in Types of Sensor Agents).
  • Dynamic evolution of behavior. Multi-functional
    devices may dynamically change behavior, I.e.
    transform from a mapping agent to a lab agent
    dynamically.
  • Staggered lifetimes. Different groups of agents
    may be activated at different times. One group's
    completion may trigger another group's
    activitation. Lifetimes of different groups may
    also be staggered to prolong mission life.
  • Predictive coordination. System must adaptively
    use algorithms to coordinate multiple agents to
    meet conditions on-hand. For example, multiple
    agents may self-coordinate to explore a cave by
    forming an arm of the ad-hoc network into the
    cave.
  • Environmental learning. System must collectively
    learn to avoid hazards, navigate the topography,
    zone in on interesting areas, etc.

11
Control
  • Integrated remote/autonomous control. Since
    sensor networks may be deployed in locations not
    permitting real-time control, such systems must
    support autonomous control guided by high-level
    remote control commands.
  • Safe bootstrapping. System must have capability
    to be reset to a safe operating state.
  • Dynamic reconfiguration. System must have
    capability to be dynamically reconfigured by
    downloading new software.

12
Fault Tolerance/Survivability
  • Minimal centralized control. Avoid centralized
    control of groups of agents to avoid a single
    point of failure.
  • Power management. Methods to conserve power, and
    to efficiently distribute power, may prove
    essential.
  • Fault recovery. The ability to recover from
    unseen obstacles, faults, accidents, etc, using
    techniques such as physical recovery, control
    reset, etc. Backup procedures when primary
    procedures fail are also essential.

13
Security
  • Communications encryption. May want to encrypt
    communication if sensor network is deployed in
    enemy territory.
  • Timed expiration. Software or hardware needs to
    self-destruct to avoid being stolen by enemies.

14
Example Scenario
  • Orbiting station
  • Base station(s)
  • Carriers
  • Mappers
  • Local Positioning System (LPS) transmitters
  • Mobile lab rovers
  • Power sources

15
1. Orbiters deploy base stations
16
2. Base stations deploy carriers
17
3. Carriers deploy mappers and LPS transmitters
18
4. Mappers establish topography and areas of
interest
  • Mappers coordinate through pheromone mechanisms
    and LPS coordinates
  • Focus in on interesting areas
  • Avoid hazards

19
5. Mappers return to carrier
20
6. Mobile lab rovers are deployed towards
interesting areas
21
7. Mobile lab rovers conduct experiments
22
8. Mobile lab rovers return to carrier
23
9. Carrier returns to base station, coordinates
with other carriers
24
10. Carrier pursues further sub-missions.
25
Important Properties
  • Strength in Numbers Deploy a large number of
    miniature devices
  • Fault tolerant
  • More cost effective if devices are manufactured
    in large quantities
  • Evolution
  • Entire system evolves to adapt to conditions
  • Devices change functionality
  • Emergent Behavior
  • Desired goal is achieved through cooperation of
    large number of autonomous devices which
    communicate among themselves
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com