Mali

1
Mali

• A Sahel African Nation

2
A Sahel Nation

• Mali is one of five countries that make up
  Africas Sahel Region
• Sahel comes from an Arabic word that means
  border
• The border of what?

3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
Sahel HerdersA dying People?

• http//www.npr.org/news/specials/climate/slideshow
  s/tuaregs/index.html

6
Malis History

• Mali was one of three great African Empires that
  existed in the Sahel and flourished around
  A.D.1200

7
The Great Mosque of Djenné was built around AD
800 and is in the oldest known city in
Sub-Saharan Africa
8
Malis History

• Malis most famous ruler was a man named Mansa
  Musa
• He was a Muslim who turned the capital of Mali
  into a leading center of Islamic learning

9
Ancient Arabic writings still preserve the
extravagant wealth and unbelievable power of
Mansa Musa recorded when he made a trip all the
way to Mecca from his African Kingdom
10
Malis History

• The region that is now Mali was colonized by the
  French in the late 1700s

11
.

• Mali gained its independence from France in 1960.
  
• A dictatorship lasted until 1991 when a rebel
  group overthrew the govenrment to put a
  democratic government in place
• President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first
  democratic presidential election in 1992

12
Challenges

• Mali and the Sahel nations face several immediate
  challenges
• Overgrazing
• Drought
• Desertification

13
Challenges

• Overgrazing
• To allow livestock to strip areas so bare that
  plants cannot grow back

14
Challenges

• Drought
• A long period of extreme dryness

15
Challenges

• Desertification
• Process by which grasslands change to desert
• Current desertification is taking place very
  quickly worldwide especially in Africa

16
(No Transcript)
17

• Current desertification is taking place much
  faster worldwide than in the past
• Desertification comes from the growing
  populations living on the land in order to grow
  crops and graze animals and is made worse by
  climate change.

• In Africa, if current trends continue, the
  continent might be able to feed just 25 of its
  population by 2025

18
Malis people

• Most people live in small towns and villages in
  the south and are subsistence farmers
• Recent droughts have forced herders who have
  always been nomads to give up their ancient ways

19
Malis People

• Mali displays influences from African, European,
  and Arab traditions
• Most Malians are Muslims and speak Arabic or any
  number of African languages

20
Doing the Numbers

• Mali
• Infant mortality rate total 105.65
  deaths/1,000 live births
• Life expectancy at birth total population
  49.51 years Literacy definition age 15 and
  over can read and write total population 46.4
• GDP - per capita (PPP) 1,300 (2006 est.)
• Telephones - mobile cellular 869,600
  (2005)
• Internet users 70,000 (2006)

• USA
• Infant mortality rate total 6.37
  deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at
  birth total population 78 years
• Literacy definition age 15 and over can
  read and write total population 99
• GDP - per capita (PPP) 43,800 (2006 est.)
  
• Telephones - mobile cellular 233 million
  (2006)
• Internet users 208 million (2006)