READING GRADE 8

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R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
READING GRADE 8 Assessment Anchors
Eligible Content Pennsylvania Department of
Education 2004



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R8.A.1.1.1 Identify meaning of a multiple-meaning
word used in text.


R8.A.1.1.2 Identify a synonym or antonym of a
word used in text.

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R8.A.1.1 Identify the meaning of vocabulary.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.1.2 Apply word recognition skills.
R8.A.1.2.1 Identify the meaning of an unfamiliar
word through knowledge of root words identify
how the meaning of a word is changed when an
affix is added identify the meaning of a word
from the text with an affix. R8.A.1.2.2 Define
words or phrases from context clues given in
explanatory sentences and/or the use of examples
within text.

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R8.A.1.3 Make inferences, draw conclusions, and
make generalizations based on text.
R8.A.1.3.1 Make inferences and draw conclusions
based on information from text. R8.A.1.3.2 Cite
evidence from text to support generalizations.

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R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.1.4 Identify main idea and relevant details.
R8.A.1.4.1 Identify and/or interpret stated or
inferred main ideas and relevant supporting
details from text. Note Items may target
specific paragraphs.

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R8.A.1.5 Retell or summarize the major
ideas/themes and important details of text.
R8.A.1.5.1 Summarize the main ideas/themes and
important details of text.

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R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.1 Understand fiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.1.6 Identify text as narrative or poetic.
R8.A.1.6.1 Determine the authors purpose. Note
Items may ask students to identify a specific
purpose, e.g., to share a story. R8.A.1.6.2
Identify examples of text that support its
narrative or poetic purpose.

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R8.A.2.1 Identify the meaning of vocabulary from
various subject areas.
R8.A.2.1.1 Apply appropriate meaning of
multiple-meaning words in the context of a
particular text. R8.A.2.1.2 Identify meaning of
content-specific words in text.

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R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.2.2 Apply word recognition skills.
R8.A.2.2.1 Identify the meaning of an unfamiliar
word through knowledge of root words identify
how the meaning of a word is changed when an
affix is added identify the meaning of a word
from text with an affix. R8.A.2.2.2 Define words
or phrases from context clues given in
explanatory sentences, and/or the use of examples
within text.

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R8.A.2.3 Make inferences, draw conclusions, and
make generalizations based on text.
R8.A.2.3.1 Make inferences and draw conclusions
based on information from text. R8.A.2.3.2 Cite
evidence from text to support generalizations.

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R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.2.4 Identify main ideas and relevant details.
R8.A.2.4.1 Identify and/or interpret stated or
implied main ideas and relevant supporting
details from text. Note Items may target
specific paragraphs. Items might ask about
information in the text that is most important or
helpful for understanding a particular fact or
idea. Items may require recalling key
information stated in the text.

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R8.A.2.5 Retell or summarize the main ideas of
text.
R.8.A.2.5.1 Summarize the main ideas and
important details of text.

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1 of 4 R8.B
Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.1
Describe/interpret components within and across
texts.
R8.A Comprehension and Reading Skills
R8.A.2 Understand nonfiction text appropriate to
grade level.
R8.A.2.6 Identify text as narrative,
informational, persuasive, or instructional.
R8.A.2.6.1 Determine the authors purpose. Note
Items may ask students to identify a specific
purpose, e.g., to share a story, to offer
information, to give instructions, to present
various viewpoints. R8.A.2.6.2 Identify examples
of text that support its narrative,
informational, persuasive, or instructional
purpose.

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R8.B.1.1 Describe/interpret the components of
fiction and nonfiction texts.
R8.B.1.1.1 Describe and interpret the
relationships among the following within or
across fiction and literary nonfiction
texts Character (may also be called narrator,
speaker, subject of a biography) Describe
character actions, motives, dialogue,
emotions/feelings, traits, and relationships
among characters (may describe characters within
fiction and nonfiction texts). Interpret the
relationship between character and other
components of text. Interpret character actions,
motives, dialogue, emotions/feelings, traits, and
relationships among characters (may interpret
characters within or across fiction and
nonfiction texts)

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2 of 4 R8.B.1.1
Continued


3 of 4 R8.B.1.1
Continued
Setting Describe the setting of fiction or
literary nonfiction text. Interpret the
relationship between setting and other components
of text. Describe the setting across texts (may
describe setting within or across fiction and
nonfiction texts) Plot (may also be called
Action) Describe elements of plot (conflict,
rising action, climax, and/or resolution).
Interpret the relationship between elements of
the plot and other components of the text.
Describe plot across texts (may describe plot
within or across fiction and nonfiction texts)

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Theme Describe the theme of fiction or literary
nonfiction text. Interpret the relationship
between the theme and other components of text.
Describe the theme across texts (may describe the
theme within or across fiction and nonfiction
texts) Topic (of literary nonfiction)
Describe the topic of literary nonfiction text.
Interpret the relationship between the topic and
other components of text. Describe the topic
across texts (may describe the topic across
nonfiction texts).

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4 of 4 R8.B.1.1
Continued
R8.B Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.2 Identify and
analyze how the author uses literary devices to
convey meaning.
Describe and interpret the relationships among
the following within or across nonfiction
texts Content Describe differing viewpoints
in nonfiction text. Interpret viewpoints across
texts (may interpret viewpoints across nonfiction
texts) Topic Describe the topic or subtopics
of nonfiction text. Interpret the relationship
between the topic and other components of text.
Describe the topic across texts (may describe the
topic across texts (may describe the topic across
nonfiction texts). 17
R8.B.2.1 Identify and describe figurative
language.
R8.B.2.1.1 Interpret and/or analyze the effect of
simile, metaphor, hyperbole, and imagery in
text. R8.B.2.1.2 Identify the authors purpose
for and effectiveness at using figurative
language.

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R8.B Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.2 Identify and
analyze how the author uses literary devices to
convey meaning.
R8.B Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.3 Identify
and analyze concepts and organization of
nonfiction text.
R8.B.2.2 Identify and analyze effectiveness of
authors point of view.
R8.B.2.2.1 Identify if the poem or story is
written in first or third person point of
view. R8.B.2.2.2 Analyze the effectiveness of
the point of view used by the author.

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R8.B.3.1 Differentiate fact from opinion in text.
R8.B.3.1.1 Identify a factual statement from text
that supports an assertion, or identify an
opinion. R8.B.3.1.2 Analyze positions or
arguments for evidence of statements of fact and
opinion.

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R8.B Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.3 Identify
and analyze concepts and organization of
nonfiction text.
R8.B.3.2 Distinguish between essential and
nonessential information within or across text.
R8.B.3.2.1 Identify bias and propaganda where
present.

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R8.B Interpretation and Analysis of Fiction and
Nonfiction Text R8.B.3 Identify
and analyze concepts and organization of
nonfiction text.
R8.B.3.3 Analyze text organization including
sequence, question/answer, comparison/contrast,
cause/effect, problem/solution, the headings,
graphics, and charts to derive meaning.
R8.B.3.3.1 Analyze text organization, including
sequence, question/answer, comparison/contrast,
cause/effect, or problem/solution. R8.B.3.3.2
Identify content that would fit in a specific
section of text. R8.B.3.3.3 Interpret graphics
and charts, and make connections between text and
the content of graphics and charts.

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