TERMINOLOGY

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TERMINOLOGY

• CONCORDANCE RATE
• Percent of agreement in a trait between pairs of
  people
• SYNDROME
• A group of symptoms that tend to occur together
• PREVALENCE
• The percentage of the population having a certain
  disorder at a given time
• PROGNOSIS
• Prediction of the future course of a disorder
• ETIOLOGY
• Cause of a disorder

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TERMINOLOGY

• COMORBIDITY
• The presence of two or more diagnoses in one
  person
• NEURON
• Nerve cell
• AGONIST
• Drug that increases activity in particular
  neurotransmitter systems
• ANTAGONIST
• Drug that decreases activity in particular
  neurotransmitter systems

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CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

• DEFINITION- the process by which a previously
  neutral stimulus, upon being paired with a
  natural stimulus for a response, gains the power
  to elicit that response- i.e. learning by
  association
• Applies to involuntary reflexes and emotional
  responses (elicited behaviors)
• Explains the acquisition of phobias
• Stimulus generalization- a CR to a stimulus
  similar but not identical to the original CS.
• Extinction- the disappearance of a CR when UCS is
  removed
• Spontaneous Recovery- the spontaneous
  reappearance of an extinguished CR

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OPERANT CONDITIONING

• DEFINITION- a kind of learning in which a
  behavior is controlled by its consequence
• Applies to voluntary (emitted) behaviors
• Punisher- a consequence that decreases the
  probability of a behavior
• reinforcer- a consequence that increases the
  probability of a behavior
• Explains the persistence of phobias
• Mowrers Two Factor Theory

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PREPARED CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

• SELECTIVITY/ PREPAREDNESS- some responses are
  more easily learned than others
• Learning to be afraid of potentially dangerous
  situations has a survival advantage- thus we are
  prepared by evolution to selectively condition
  phobias

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TREATM