PARTICIPATORY DESIGN FOR URBAN UPGRADING: THE CASE OF NAM DINH CITY IN VIETNAM

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PARTICIPATORY DESIGN FOR URBAN UPGRADING THE
CASE OF NAM DINH CITY IN VIETNAM

• NGUYEN QUY THANH, PH.D
• FACULTY OF SOCIOLOGY
• VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSTY, HANOI

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• Components to upgrade
• Water supply
• Drainage
• Electricity and public lighting
• Alley
• Hygiene
• Health care station
• kindergarten, primary school
• local market
• The level of factual implementation completely
  depend on community participation

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The children playing in the corridor without
handrail of a never completed high floor
building in Nam Dinh city
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Typical alley road in many Vietnam cities Narrow
and wet
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• Public toilet in Nam Dinh city Dirty and
  Dangerous

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THE TEAM

• The team is multi-disciplinary.
• It consists of Technical and Social specialists.
• The core team comprise 4 social and 4 technical
  specialists
• The Team leader is technical specialist

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THE TASK OF SOCIAL SUB-TEAM

• Assess the demands of the people of low income
  community in housing and infrastructure.
• Conduct socio-economic survey
• Conduct consultation with grassroots concerning
  their demands.

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SOCIAL METHODS USED

• PRA (direct observation, SSI, FGDs, public
  meetings, ect) for assessment of overall need and
  demands of people living in the low income area
  in housing and infrastructure
• Social Survey

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THE PROCESS

• Social specialists obtained demands from
  communities and provided inputs for TL to
  incorporate with technical issues in feasibility
  and pre-feasibility study
• For example, social specialists had learned from
  the community what the local people want to
  improve, to which extent and how much they can
  afford to contribute for the construction

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THE PROCEDURE
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METHOS OF CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION
PROJECT PREPARRATION TEAM (SOCIAL AND TECHNICAL)
MEETING AND CONSULTATION
PUBLIC MEETING, FGDs, SSIs ect.
PLANNING GROUPS (INCLUDING ALL KEY STKEHOLDERS IN
LOCALITY)
COMMUNITY RESIDENTS (GRASSROOTS)
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SPECIFIC DEMANDS CONCERNING PUBLIC SPACES

• Women groups want to build a library for their
  community
• Children want to have play ground
• The elderly people would like to have sport
  ground to do morning exercise

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COMMENTS

• For the low income urban area public spaces lay
  far beyond peoples attention. Community
  residents focused on primary need in housing and
  tertiary infrastructure such as improvement of
  drainage and sewerage system, connection to city
  water supply system, improvement of deteriorated
  houses ect.
• Up to date, most of urban plans are designed with
  the TOP-DOWN methodology, grassroots'
  participation is very limited or none.

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COMMENTS

• In other hand, grassroots are not ready for
  participation in the design. Many of them still
  consider that is not their responsibility or
  beyond their capacity.
• Technical specialists in Vietnam (or at least in
  our project) are not familiarized with the work
  and methodology that social specialists
  implemented. Many of them still think that it is
  waste time.
• Negation between technical and social specialists
  is always difficult because while social
  specialists having based on peoples demands,
  technical team based on technical requirements

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LESSIONS LEARNED

• In order to successfully implement BOTTOM UP
  design in urban planning, it is necessary to have
  Team Leader who has some understanding and a good
  will to use the service of social scientists in
  the technical design
• And, the technical specialists should be trained
  in social safeguards policy in development
  projects, as well as social specialists should
  understand the basic technical requirements and
  master plan.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION