International organizations

1
International organizations

• Jesper Sundewall
• jesper.sundewall_at_ki.se
• 10 December 2007

2
Global health collaboration and development aid

• Do not mix them up!

3
Why global health collaboration?

• Disease control
• Cholera outbreaks in London
• Smallpox eradication
• Yellow fever
• Eradication of Polio, Measles
• Avian Influenza

In a globalised world
4
Different types of international organizations

• Bilateral agencies
• Multilateral agencies
• Non-governmental organizations
• Faith based (e.g. Catholic Relief Services, World
  Vision, Diakonia)
• Philantropic foundations
• Global Partnerships

5
Different levels of decision making

• Organizational
• National
• Intergovernmental (mellanstatlig)
• Supranational (överstatlig)

6
(No Transcript)
7
Examples of organizations

• Save the children
• UNICEF
• Red Cross
• Doctors without borders
• Diakonia
• Sida

8
Save the Children/Rädda barnen

• www.rb.se, www.savethechildren.net
• Bildades 1919
• Internationellt över 100 länder och 2,5
  miljarder omsättning
• Svenska Rädda Barnen en av 27 medlemmar
• Lobbying och fund-raising
• Advocacy and Interventions

9
UNICEF

• www.unicef.org
• FN-organ
• En av fonderna i FN-systemet
• 191 länder
• Fundraising and advocacy
• Health, Education, Equality, Protection
• Barnkonventionen och milleniemålen

10
Red Cross/Röda korset

• www.redcross.se, www.icrc.org, www.ifrc.org
• Svenska organisation en av 185 medlemsländer
• 100 miljoner medlemmar
• Katastrofarbete beredskap för katastrofer
• Uppbyggnand och stöd till civilsamhället

11
Doctors without borders/Läkare utan gränser

• www.lakareutangranser.se, www.msf.org
• Medicinsk humanitär organisation
• Svenska grenen bildad 1993
• Bistår vid katastrofer, epidemier samt isolerade
  befolkningar
• Skickar ut över 2300 volontärer årligen
• Total omsättning 300 miljoner USD

12
Diakonia

• www.diakonia.se
• Fem svenska kyrkor
• Arbetar i partnerskap med kyrkor, organisationer
  och folkrörelser i 30-tal länder
• Utvecklingsbistånd ge människor makt att
  förändra sin situation
• Omsättning 2006 ca 350 miljoner
• Pengar från Sida, EU, privata finansiärer

13
Sida

• www.sida.se
• Årligt bistånd 30 miljarder SEK
• Nya biståndet cirka 30 fokusländer
• Bilateralt, Regionalt, Multilateralt
• Fattigdomsbekämpning
• Politik för global utveckling (PGU)
• Fokus på de fattigaste
• Ökad kunskap och varaktiga institutioner
• Projekt-, program-, sektor-, budget-stöd

14
Important to remember

• Self-interest?
• Mandate?
• Source of funding?
• Accountable towards?
• Humanitarian assistance or long term development?

15
The case of the health sector in Zambia

• Zambia?
• A landlocked country in SSA
• Natural resources
• 12 million people
• GDP 1000 USD (2006, PPP)
• Main causes of mortality Malaria and HIV
• Life expectancy 38 years
• HIV prevalence (adults) 16.5

16
International collaboration

• Has been there since independence Sida strong
  presence
• Relationship between the government and donors is
  fairly good
• Used to be project based now programme based
• Large increase of resources in recent years with
  Global Health Initiatives

17
Coordination the new trend

• Concentration
• Harmonization
• Ownership
• Alignment

18
Programme vs. Project
Strategic plan and funding
Ministry of Health
DONOR
DONOR
DONOR
DONOR
DONOR
Ministry of Health
Projects
Projects
Projects
DONOR
DONOR
19
Strategic plan

• Provide the people of Zambia with equity of
  access to cost-effective quality health services
  as close to the family as possible

20
Strategic plan
21
Donors at least

• Sida (Sweden)
• DFID (UK)
• USAID (USA) PEPFAR, PMI
• European Union
• CIDA (Canada)
• UNICEF
• WHO
• UNFPA
• UNDP
• Clinton Foundation (UNIT AID)
• The Global Fund
• JICA (JAPAN)

22
Coordination Structures
23
(No Transcript)
24
Meeting overload?
25
Action plan

• Annual operationalisation of the Strategic Plan
• Bottom-up planning process
• Gathering all resources available to the sector

26
Typical action plan activity
27
Coordination structures cont.

• Donor Coordinator
• Donor meetings/Lead donor
• Memorandum of Understanding
• Delegated Partnerships
• Sharing of Information
• Joint annual review

28
Plenty of structures - but do they work?

• All activities are in line with the strategic
  plan?
• Delegated partnerships?
• Ownership and priority setting who sets the
  agenda?
• Trust?
• Parallell funding?

29
What does the documents and agreements mean?

• The CPs should, as far as possible, harmonise,
  synchronise and implement their programmes and
  activities, using relevant Government procedures
  and guidelines. (MoU)
• Those CPs, for whom full alignment to GRZ
  systems is not presently possible, will
  nevertheless endeavour to align their procedures
  to the maximum extent feasible in order to
  minimize multiple and parallel processes and to
  reduce transaction costs. (MoU)

30

• Power
• Political Agenda
• Priority setting
• Capacity

31
(No Transcript)