Estimation of Waste Load

1
Estimation of Waste Load
Malou San Diego-McGlone Marine Science
Institute University of the Philippines
2
Precipitation
Evaporation
Coastal Water Body
Residual flux
Runoff Groundwater Sewage/Waste
Mixing flux
3
Sources of Waste (human activity) household
activities livestock agriculture urban
runoff aquaculture manufacturing
4
Steps in the Calculation of Waste Load 1.
Identify relevant human activities households
- solid waste, domestic sewage,
detergent livestock - piggery, poultry,
cattle agriculture - soil erosion, fertilizer
runoff urban runoff - unsewered
areas aquaculture - prawns, fish manufacturing
- food, textiles, chemicals
5
2. Determine the level of each human activity
from government statistics, preferably at
local level household - size of the
population livestock - no of pig, chicken, cow
aquaculture - tons of prawn, fish urban
runoff - urban area agriculture - tons of soil
eroded
6
3. Approximate TN and TP (in effluent discharge)
TN activity level x discharge coefficient TP
activity level x discharge coefficient T
7
The discharge coefficients for various human
activities are given in the following
spreadsheet. This spreadsheet calculates TN
and TP load in waste generated by various human
activities. Knowledge of the activities
relevant to the coastal area is necessary and
the only input needed in the spreadsheet would
be the level of the waste generating activity
(fill in white cells).
8
(No Transcript)
9
Sources of Discharge Coefficients
10
TN and TP (in the spreadsheet) are approximated
using the following calculations.
11
TN activity level x discharge
coefficient Ex. for Domestic Sewage activity
level 2000 persons discharge coefficient 4
kgN/person/yr TN 4 kgN/person/yr x 2000
persons TN 8000 kgN/yr TP activity
level x discharge coefficient discharge
coefficient 1 kgP/person/yr TP 1
kgP/person/yr x 2000 persons TP 2000 kgP/yr
12
If only BOD and COD data are available, TN and TP
can be approximated using the following
ratios TN/BOD 0.5 TP/BOD 0.042 COD/BOD
2.6 Ex if available data is BOD at 5 mg/L TN
5 mg/L x 0.5 2.5 mg/L Ex if available data is
COD at 5 mg/L TN 5 mg/L x 1/26 (BOD/COD) x
0.5 1 mg/L
13
The previous spreadsheet also approximates DIN
and DIP. The following calculations illustrate
how this is done.
14
4. Calculate DIN and DIP in the effluent
discharge Assumption 25 of waste enter the
bay Use stoichiometric ratio DIN/TN
0.38 DIP/TP 0.5 DIN TNatomic wt N x DIN/TN
x 25 DIN 8000 kgN/yr 14 g/mole x 0.38 x 0.25
DIN 54,000 moles/yr DIP TPatomic wt P x
DIP/TP x 25 DIP 2000 kgP/yr31 g/mole x 0.5 x
0.25 DIP 8,000moles/yr
15
The following N and P budgets of a Philippine bay
(LINGAYEN GULF) are given to illustrate how
waste is quantified and show that this is an
important input to the system.
16
NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS BUDGETS FOR LINGAYEN GULF
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22

23

24
(No Transcript)
25
Table 2. Summary of nonconservative fluxes in
three boxes of Lingayen Gulf.
26
Table 3. Effects of changing waste load on
(p-r) and (nfix-denit).
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)