The Soybean Cyst Nematode Managed Research Area

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The Soybean Cyst NematodeManaged Research Area

• Chairs
• Terry Niblack, UIUC
• Jason Bond, SIU

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SCN in Illinois
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SCN Team Priorities

• Basic Research
• Applied Research
• Management Research
• Outreach

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SCN Team Priorities

• Basic Research
• Soybean
• Target known major resistance genes
• SCN
• Target potential virulence genes
• Discover new virulence genes
• Biotechnology
• Tag-based selection for yield in the presence of
  resistance

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SCN Team Priorities

• Applied Research
• Soybean
• Develop and use better markers for SCN resistance
  in breeding
• SCN
• Describe population changes under different
  managements and environments
• Disease complexes
• Understand SCN-SDS and SCN-BSR interactions

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SCN Team Priorities

• Management Research
• Production
• Cultural practices, including gene deployment
• Pest complexes
• SDS, BSR, PRR, SWM, CR, insects
• Variety evaluation
• Greenhouse and field testing of released varieties

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SCN Team Priorities

• Outreach
• Agricultural professionals
• Training and recommendations
• Producers
• Improve variety selection and management
  practices through web-based information,
  demonstration, detection awareness, virulence
  awareness

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SCN/SDS InteractionsBond, Hartman, Niblack
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SDS/SCN Interaction
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Variety EvaluationsBond, Niblack, Noel

• 368 SCN-resistant varieties entered in the 2002
  soybean variety trials
• Evaluated to 5 different SCN populations
• Gee whiz
  368 x 3 x 5 5,520 units

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Resistance Ratings

• HR Highly Resistant
• R Resistant
• MR Moderately Resistant
• LR Low Resistance
• N No Effective Resistance

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Race 3 (HG Type 0)Urbana
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Race 3 (HG Type 0) Carbondale
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Race 3 (HG Type 7) Urbana
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Race 1 (HG Type 2.5.7) Urbana
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Race 5 (HG Type 2.5.7) Carbondale
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SCN VirulenceNiblack, Lambert, Bekal

• New Illinois SCN Type Test
• DNA markers for virulence

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A
B
VL1 Hg-CM Transcipts
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B
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TN19 Hg-CM Transcipts
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A
B
VL1 Hg-CM Transcipts From a single nematode
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Variety Development
Joint programs at UIUC and SIUC Both programs
have released SCN-resistant varieties. Many
lines are resistance to SDS, high yielding and
contain genes from Peking, PI 88788, PI 437654,
PI 89772, PI 90763, PI 209332 or PI 404166
The goals of the programs are to release
varieties with a high level of resistance and
maintaining a diversity of resistance.
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Yield Drag Study Greg Noel
USDA, ARS, and UIUC

• - Seven farms
• Four varieties susceptible, Peking resistance,
• PI88.788 resistance high and low
• Field length ranged from 400 ft. to 2,400 ft
• Three replications

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Grace Farm, 2002
Susceptible 62.8 bu/A Pi 0 eggs
PI88.788-low 57.7 bu/A Pi 2 eggs
Peking 54.1 bu/A Pi 10 eggs
PI88.788-high 57.1 bu/A Pi 0 eggs
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University of Illinois Farm, 2002
Peking 54.2 bu/A Pi162 eggs
PI88.788 low 51.0 bu/A Pi216 eggs
Susceptible 51.0 bu/A Pi220 eggs
PI88.788 high 55.1 bu/A Pi71 eggs
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Cultural PracticesSCN - SDS
Rotation with non-hosts (corn wheat) Multiple
years with non-hosts Various sequences
Cover crops and green manures Wheat, Rye,
Rapeseed
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New Resistance GenesKhalid Meksem

• New genes for resistance to SCN
• Functional analysis of soybean genes involved in
  SCN resistance
• Characterization of virulence genes

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New Genes for Resistance

• Glycine soja x G. max PI468916 x A81-356022
  population.
• Three genomic regions were identified as
  possessing new SCN genes
• Populations are being developed for fine mapping
• This will increase the diversity of SCN
  resistance genes in soybean

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Candidate Gene Approach

• Of three genes identified from PI468916, one was
  mapped to linkage group G, the common genomic
  region for SCN resistance
• Other candidate genes will be mapped using this
  method in the Glycine soja x G. max PI468916 x
  A81-356022 population

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Outcomes and Benefits

• The DNA markers will increase the efficiency in
  selecting for these new Rhg genes
• New sources of SCN resistance will be provided to
  breeders and producers.

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Analysis of Resistance Genes (rhg1 and
Rhg4)David A. Lightfoot
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SCN Resistant Sources

• Peking (Forrest, Pharaoh) and PI437654 (Cyst X,
  Hartwig) have an identical Rhg1 alleles (R type
  1).
• PI88788 (Fayette, Jack) and PI 209332 (Faribault)
  have an identical Rhg1 (R type 2).

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SCN Resistant Sources

• There are 92 PIs from China that are resistant to
  SCN
• Some have different resistance alleles at Rhg 1
• We are testing to find which have new alleles
• Two new resistance alleles have been found.

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Conclusions

• Currently there are two Rhg1 alleles available to
  producers
• These alleles can be rotated to improve yield and
  extend the useful life of resistance
• Additional alleles may be available from Chinese
  PIs

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SCN Team Priorities

• Basic Research
• Applied Research
• Management Research
• Outreach